Abstract
Pyrido[2,3-a]carbazoles were synthesized by multicomponent reactions using l-proline as catalyst. All the newly synthesized compounds were characterized by all spectral means. The in-vitro cytotoxicity of the newly synthesized pyrido[2,3-a]carbazoles was evaluated by SRB (sulforhodamine B) assay against MCF-7 (Breast Cancer), HeLa (cervix adenocarcinoma), and A549 (Human Lung adenocarcinoma). Cisplatin, a clinically used antitumor agent was also evaluated for standard. All the newly synthesized pyrido carbazoles showed moderate to good cytotoxic activity and their structural activity relationship has been established.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Fang K, Chen SP, Lin CW, Cheng WC, Huang HT (2009) Ellipticine-induced apoptosis depends on Akt translocation and signaling in lung epithelial cancer cells. Lung Cancer 63:227–234
Gaddam V, Nagarajan R (2008) An Efficient, one-pot synthesis of isomeric ellipticine derivatives through intramolecular imino-Diels-Alder reaction. Org Lett 10:1975–1978
Gribble GW, Brossi A (eds) (1990) The ellipticine alkaloids in the alkaloids, vol 39. Academic Press, New York, pp 239–343
Hagg M, Berndtsson M, Mandic A, Zhou R, Shoshan MC, Linder S (2004) Induction of endoplasmic reticulum stress by ellipticine plant alkaloids. Mol Cancer Ther 3:489–497
Howorko RJ, Pelczynska M, Nasulewicz A, Wietrzyk J, Opolski A (2005) Synthesis of 5,6-dimethyl-9-methoxy-1-phenyl-6H-pyrido[4,3-b]carbazole derivatives and their cytotoxic Activity. Arch Pharm Chem Life Sci 338:556–561
Indumathi T, Jamal Ahamed VS, Moon SS, Fronczek FrankR, Rajendra Prasad KJ (2011) l-Proline anchored multicomponent synthesis of novel pyrido[2, 3-a]carbazoles: investigation of in vitro antimicrobial, antioxidant. Cytotox Struct Act Relatsh Stud Eur J Med Chem 46:5580–5590
Kansal VK, Potier (1986) The biogenetic, synthetic and biochemical aspects of ellipticine, an antitumor alkaloids. Tetrahedron 42:2389–2408
Knolker HJ, Reddy KR (2002) Isolation and synthesis of biologically active carbazole alkaloids. Chem Rev 102:4303–4427
Kuo PL, Hsu YL, Chang CH, Lin CC (2005) The mechanism of ellipticine-induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in human breast MCF-7 cancer cells. Cancer Lett 16:789–795
Martínez-Espero MF, Rodríguez D, Castedo L, Saa C (2005) Synthesis of carbazoles from ynamides by intramolecular dehydro Diels-Alder reactions. Org Lett 7:2213–2216
Miki Y, Hachiken H, Yanase NJ (2001) Synthesis of ellipticine by reaction of 1-(4-methoxybenzyl)indole-2,3-dicarboxylic anhydride with (3-bromo-4-pyridyl)-triisopropoxytitanium. Chem Soc Perkin Trans 1:2213–2216
Radha K, Pritam T, Kang MJ, Jeong TC, Jung MN, Kim HL, Younghwa N, Cho WJ, Youngjoo K, Lee ES (2010) Synthesis, topoisomerase I and II inhibitory activity, cytotoxicity, and structure–activity relationship study of hydroxylated 2, 4-diphenyl-6-aryl pyridines. Bioorg Med Chem 18:3066–3077
Rahman MAA, Cho SC, Song J, Mun HT, Moon SS (2007) Dendrazawaynes A and B, antifungal polyacetylenes from Dendranthema zawadskii (Asteraceae). Planta Med 73:1089–1094
Sainbury M, Wilman DEV (eds) (1990) The chemistry of antitumour agents. Blackie, Glasgow and London, UK
Saleh IA, Areej MA, Ahmed MA, Eman N, Mostafa MG (2010) Novel quinolines and pyrimido[4,5-b]quinolines bearing biologically active sulfonamide moiety as a new class of antitumor agents. Eur J Med Chem 45:738–744
Segall A, Pappa H, Causabon R, Martin G, Bergoc R, Pizzorono MT (1995) Design, synthesis and antitumoural activity of trisubstituted dihydrobenzo[a]carbazoles. Eur J Med Chem 30:165–169
Seong BC, Yon K, Young Yun MI, Byung ZA (2004) 5-Arylidene-2(5H)-furanone derivatives: synthesis and structure-activity relationship for cytotoxicity. Arch Pharm Res 5:485–494
Starcevic K, Krali M, Piantanida I, Suman L, Pavelic K, Zamola GK (2006) Synthesis, photochemical synthesis DNA binding and antitumor evaluation of novel cyano- and amidino-substituted derivatives of naphtho-furans, naphtho-thiophenes, thieno-benzofurans, benzo-dithiophenes and their acyclic precursors. Eur J Med Chem 41:925–939
Stiborova M, Bieler CA, Wiessler M, Frei E (2001) The anticancer agent ellipticine on activation by cytochrome P450 forms covalent DNA adducts. Biochem Pharmacol 62:1675–1684
Wang YD, Johnson S, Powell D, McGinnis JP, Miranda M, Rabindran SK (2007) Inhibition of tumor cell proliferation by thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4(1H)-one-based analogs. Bioorg Med Chem 15:3763–3766
Acknowledgments
This research supported by the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, New Delhi for the award of Senior Research fellow (SRF) to T. Indumathi and “UGC-BSR One time grant” to Dr. K. J. Rajendra prasad are gratefully acknowledged. The authors thank Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai for NMR and Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad for Mass spectral data.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Electronic supplementary material
Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Indumathi, T., Rajendra Prasad, K.J. Multicomponent synthesis of pyrido[2,3-a]carbazoles and cytotoxic activity. Med Chem Res 23, 4345–4355 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00044-014-0999-8
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00044-014-0999-8