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Shear stress mediates exocytosis of functional TRPV4 channels in endothelial cells

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Abstract

Mechanosensitive ion channels are implicated in the biology of touch, pain, hearing and vascular reactivity; however, the identity of these ion channels and the molecular basis of their activation is poorly understood. We previously found that transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) is a receptor operated ion channel that is sensitised and activated by mechanical stress. Here, we investigated the effects of mechanical stimulation on TRPV4 localisation and activation in native and recombinant TRPV4-expressing cells. We used a combination of total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy, cell surface biotinylation assay and Ca2+ imaging with laser scanning confocal microscope to show that TRPV4 is expressed in primary vascular endothelial cells and that shear stress sensitises the response of TRPV4 to its agonist, GSK1016790A. The sensitisation was attributed to the recruitment of intracellular pools of TRPV4 to the plasma membrane, through the clathrin and dynamin-mediated exocytosis. The translocation was dependent on ILK/Akt signalling pathway, release of Ca2+ from intracellular stores and we demonstrated that shear stress stimulated phosphorylation of TRPV4 at tyrosine Y110. Our findings implicate calcium-sensitive TRPV4 translocation in the regulation of endothelial responses to mechanical stimulation.

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Acknowledgments

We thank Dr. Suzanne Rogers and Professor Nigel Bunnett for the critical reading of the manuscript. This research was supported by project funding from the Australian National Health and Medical Research Council (project Grant 1046860 to PMc).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Medical Sciences and Health Innovations Research Institute, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3083, Australia

    Sara Baratchi, Juhura G. Almazi, William Darby & Peter McIntyre

  2. School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3001, Australia

    Francisco J. Tovar-Lopez & Arnan Mitchell

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  1. Sara Baratchi
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  2. Juhura G. Almazi
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Correspondence to Peter McIntyre.

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Baratchi, S., Almazi, J.G., Darby, W. et al. Shear stress mediates exocytosis of functional TRPV4 channels in endothelial cells. Cell. Mol. Life Sci. 73, 649–666 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00018-015-2018-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00018-015-2018-8

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