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Cell segregation in the vertebrate hindbrain: a matter of boundaries

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Abstract

Segregating cells into compartments during embryonic development is essential for growth and pattern formation. In the developing hindbrain, boundaries separate molecularly, physically and neuroanatomically distinct segments called rhombomeres. After rhombomeric cells have acquired their identity, interhombomeric boundaries restrict cell intermingling between adjacent rhombomeres and act as signaling centers to pattern the surrounding tissue. Several works have stressed the relevance of Eph/ephrin signaling in rhombomeric cell sorting. Recent data have unveiled the role of this pathway in the assembly of actomyosin cables as an important mechanism for keeping cells from different rhombomeres segregated. In this Review, we will provide a short summary of recent evidences gathered in different systems suggesting that physical actomyosin barriers can be a general mechanism for tissue separation. We will discuss current evidences supporting a model where cell–cell signaling pathways, such as Eph/ephrin, govern compartmental cell sorting through modulation of the actomyosin cytoskeleton and cell adhesive properties to prevent cell intermingling.

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Abbreviations

ADAM10:

A disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 10

AP:

Anteroposterior

DV:

Dorsoventral

CNS:

Central nervous system

Cadh2:

Cadherin 2

Cyp26:

Cytochrome p450 family 26 enzymes

EphA4MO/ephrinB2Amo:

EphA4/ephrinB2a-morphants

FGF:

Fibroblast growth factor

GEFs:

Guanine nucleotide exchange factors

GAPs:

GTPase-activating proteins

HoxPG1:

Hox paralogous group 1 genes

MHB:

Mid-hindbrain boundary

RA:

Retinoic acid

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Acknowledgments

We are grateful to members of Pujades lab for insightful discussions. JT was recipient of Beatriu de Pinos postdoctoral contract from AGAUR (Generalitat de Catalunya). This work was funded by BFU2012-31994 (Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness, MINECO) to CP.

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  1. Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, PRBB, Dr Aiguader 88, 08003, Barcelona, Spain

    Javier Terriente & Cristina Pujades

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  1. Javier Terriente
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  2. Cristina Pujades
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Correspondence to Cristina Pujades.

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Terriente, J., Pujades, C. Cell segregation in the vertebrate hindbrain: a matter of boundaries. Cell. Mol. Life Sci. 72, 3721–3730 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00018-015-1953-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00018-015-1953-8

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