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Einstein Up in Smoke

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Abstract

Albert Einstein's biographers have not explained why he developed the abdominal aortic aneurysm that led to his death. Early conjectures proposed that it was caused by syphilis, without accurate evidence. The present article gives evidence to the contrary, and argues that the principal cause of Einstein’s death was smoking.

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References

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  2. Clarence Streit, “Einstein Evolving Yet Another Theory,” The New York Times, July 27, 1930.

  3. “Dr. Einstein Consults California Physicists,” The New York Times, January 4, 1931.

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  10. Brian, Einstein: A Life (ref. 5), 265.

  11. Quoted in Leonard Lyons, “Einstein Has Pipes, but Won’t Smoke,” The Austin Statesman, September 9, 1947, 4.

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  14. Plesch and Plesch, “Reminiscences of Albert Einstein” (ref. 4), 320.

  15. Ibid.

  16. Ibid., 328n15.

  17. Jamie Sayen, Einstein in America (New York: Crown, 1985), 222.

  18. “Achievements in Public Health, 1900-1999: Tobacco Use—United States, 1900–1999,” Centers for Disease Control Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, accessed October 4, 2015, http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4843a2.htm.

  19. “Einstein Joins Pipe Club,” The New York Times, March 12, 1950.

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  21. Quoted in Pais, Subtle is the Lord (ref. 5), 477.

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  23. Ibid., 310.

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  28. M. H. Pappworth, “Abdominal Aneurysm and Syphilis,” The Lancet 237 (1941), 804.

  29. Diana Kormos Buchwald, director of the Einstein Papers Project, informs me that, as far as she is aware, the project does not contain Einstein’s medical records or autopsy report.

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  33. Kent, “Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms” (ref. 20).

  34. B. Timothy Baxter, “Medical Management of Small Aortic Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms,” in Aortic Aneurysms: Pathogenesis and Treatment, ed. Gilbert R. Upchurch, Jr., and Enrique Criado (New York: Humana Press, 2009), 62.

  35. J. T. Powell, P. Worrell, S. T. MacSweeney, P. J. Franks, and R. M. Greenhaigh, “Smoking as a Risk Factor for Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm,” Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 800 (1996), 246–8, on 247.

  36. “Final Recommendation Statement Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm: Screening,” U.S. Preventative Services Task Force, accessed October 4, 2015, http://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/Page/Document/RecommendationStatementFinal/abdominal-aortic-aneurysm-screening. It is unclear whether any apparent delay in the widespread public grasp of the link between AAA and smoking was influenced by the tobacco industry’s strategy to obfuscate recognition of tobacco health hazards. This strategy is well chronicled in Robert N. Proctor, Golden Holocaust: Origins of the Cigarette Catastrophe and the Case for Abolition (Berkeley: University of California Press, 2011).

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  38. Albert Einstein, letter to John Cranston, May 16, 1951, reprinted in Albert Einstein, Einstein on Peace, ed. Otto Nathan and Heinz Norden (New York: Simon and Schuster, 1960), 556.

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Acknowledgments

I thank Prof. Alberto A. Martínez and Prof. Abena Dove Osseo-Asare for helpful suggestions and encouragement in writing this article.

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Correspondence to John Lisle.

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John Lisle is a graduate student in the history department of the University of Texas at Austin.

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Lisle, J. Einstein Up in Smoke. Phys. Perspect. 17, 354–360 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00016-015-0171-y

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