Abstract
Purpose
Cocaine use is epidemic in the developed world, resulting in numerous patients presenting for surgery and anaesthesia with a history of chronic cocaine exposure. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of chronic cocaine exposure on the cardiovascular response to isoflurane general anaesthesia.
Methods
The changes m mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), cardiac output (CO), central venous pressure (CVP), pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP) and systemic vascular resistance (SVR) with increasing concentration of isoflurane (1%. 1.7%, and 2.4% end tidal) were determined at baseline m six sheep. The animals then received a continuous cocaine infusion (0.2 mg·kg−1·hr−1) and twice daily cocaine boluses (4 mg·kg−1) for 17 days followed on day 18 by a cocaine binge consisting of eight cocaine boluses (4 mg·kg−1) administered at one hour intervals. The haemodynamic stuthes conducted at baseline pnor to cocaine exposure were then repeated on days 15 and 18.
Results
Increasing concentrations of isoflurane produced the expected dose-dependent cardiovascular depression, but this was not altered by cocaine exposure.
Conclusion
Although chronic cocaine exposure has been shown to increase isoflurane minimum alveolar concentration by 25% m sheep: chronic cocaine exposure does not result in tolerance of the cardiovascular depression produced by isoflurane.
Résumé
Objectif
Dans les pays industrialisés, l’abus de la cocaïne a maintenant atteint l’état épidémique. De nombreux patients arrivent maintenant en anesthésie et en chirurgie avec une histoire de toxicocomanie. Cette étude visait à déterminer les effets de l’exposition chronique à la cocaïne sur la réponse cardiovasculaire de l’anesthésie générale à l’isoflurane
Méthodes
Les changements produits sur la pression artérielle moyenne, la fréquence cardiaque, le débit cardiaque, la tension veineuse centrale, la pression capillaire bloquée et la résistance vasculaire systémique par des concentrations croissantes d’isoflurane (télé-expiratoires 1%, 1,7% et 2,4%) ont d’abord été déterminés sur six moutons Les animaux ont ensuite reçu une perfusion continue (0,2 mg·kg−1·h−1) et deux bolus quotithens (4 mg·kg−1) de cocaïne pendant 17 Jours,suivis, le 18e Jour, par une séné de huit bolus (4 mg·kg−1) administrés à une heure d’intervalle. Les études hémodynamiques ayant servi comme valeurs de base avant l’exposition à la cocaine ont ensuite été répétées le 15e et le 18e jour.
Résultats
L’augmentation de la concentration d’isoflurane a provoqué la dépression cardiovasculaire proportionnelle prévue sans modification par la cocaïne.
Conclusion
Bien qu’il ait été démontré que l’exposition chronique à la cocaïne augmente la concentration alvéolaire minimum de 25% chez le mouton, elle n’augmente pas la tolérance à la dépression cardiovaculaire produite par-l’isoflurane.
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Supported by grans from the Foundation for Anesthesia Education and Research and by the University of Washington Royalty Research Fund.
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Bernards, C.M., Kern, C. & Cullen, B.F. Chronic cocaine administration does not modify haemodynamic responses to isoflurane anaesthesia in sheep. Can J Anaesth 44, 202–207 (1997). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03013010
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03013010