Summary
We show that the limiting velocityc and Planck's constanth can be considered to be topological quantities associated with the local tangent space of space-time and its local invariance group of four-dimensional rotations.h is associated withH 3[SO(3, 1)], whereH 3 is the third homotopy group. As a side benefit, the quantization of spin emerges from the topological characterization without recourse to quantum-mechanical formalism.
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Ross, D.K. Topological origin of Planck’s constant. Nuov Cim B 109, 777–781 (1994). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02722533
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02722533