Skip to main content
Log in

Mutations in thespalt gene ofDrosophila cause ectopic expression ofUltrabithorax andSex combs reduced

  • Published:
Roux's archives of developmental biology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Summary

spalt is a gene required for head and tail development in theDrosophila embryo. When mutated it produces homeotic transformations which are restricted in the embryonic cuticle to both ends of the embryo. However analysis of the distribution of its transcripts has shown that it is also expressed in the trunk region of the embruo. Here I show that two homeotic genesUltrabithorax (Ubx) andSex combs reduced (Scr) can be ectopically expressed in the trunk region of embryos lackingspalt gene function. These results suggest thatspalt has a general role in ensuring the correct spatial expression of other homeotic genes and hence could be another member of thePolycomb class of regulatory genes.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Casanova J, Sánchez-Herrero E, Morata G (1985) Prothoracic transformation and functional structure of theUltrabithorax gene ofDrosophila. Cell 42:663–669

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Casanova J, Sánchez-Herrero E, Busturia A, Morata G (1987) Double and triple mutant combinations of the bithorax complex ofDrosophila. EMBO J 6:3103–3109

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Duncan IM (1982)Polycomblike: a gene that appears to be required for the normal expression of the bithorax and Antennapedia gene complexes ofDrosophila melanogaster. Genetics 102:49–70

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Duncan IM, Lewis EB (1982) Genetic control of body segment differentiation inDrosophila. In: Subtelny S (ed) Developmental order: its origin and regulation. A R Liss, New York, pp 533–554

    Google Scholar 

  • Dura J-M, Ingham P (1988) Tissue-and stage-specific control of homeotic and segmentation gene expression inDrosophila embryos by thepolihomeotic gene. Development 103:733–741

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Frei E, Schuh R, Baumgartner S, Burri M, Noll M, Jürgens G, Seifert E, Nauber U, Jäckle H (1988) Molecular characterization ofspalt, a homeotic gene required for head and tail development in theDrosophila embryo. EMBO J 7:197–204

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Garcia-Bellido A (1977) Homoeotic and atavic mutations in insects. Am Zool 17:613–629

    Google Scholar 

  • Glicksman M, Brower D (1986) Expression of theSex combs reduced protein inDrosophila larvae. Dev Biol 127:113–118

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hayes PH, Sato T, Denell RE (1984) Homeosis inDrosophila: theUltrabithorax larval syndrome. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 81:545–549

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jürgens G (1985) A group of genes controlling the expression of the bithorax complex inDrosophila. Nature 316:153–155

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jürgens G (1987) Segmental organization of the tail region in the embryo ofDrosophila melanogaster. Wilhelm Roux’s Arch 196:141–157

    Google Scholar 

  • Jürgens G (1988) Head and tail development of theDrosophila embryo involvesspalt, a novel homeotic gene. EMBO J 7:189–196

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Jürgens G, Lehmann R, Schardin M, Nüsslein-Volhard C (1986) The segmental organization of the head in the embryo ofDrosophila melanogaster. Wilhelm Roux’s Arch 195:359–377

    Google Scholar 

  • Kaufman TC (1983) The genetic regulation of segmentation inDrosophila melanogaster. In Time, space and pattern in embryonic development. AR Liss, New York, pp 365–383

    Google Scholar 

  • Kaufman TC, Lewis R, Wakimoto B (1980) Cytogenetic analysis of chromosome 3 inDrosophila melanogaster: The homoeotic gene complex in polytene chromosome interval 84A-B. Genetics 94:115–133

    Google Scholar 

  • Lewis EB (1978) A gene complex controlling segmentation inDrosophila. Nature 276:565–570

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Macdonald PM, Struhl G (1986) A molecular gradient in earlyDrosophila embryos and its role in specifying the body pattern. Nature 324:537–545

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Martinez-Arias A Lawrence PA (1985) Parasegments and compartments in theDrosophila embryo. Nature 313:639–642

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Morata G, Kerridge S (1981) Sequential functions of the bithorax complex ofDrosophila. Nature 290:778–781

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nüsslein-Volhard C, Wieschaus E, Kluding H (1984) Mutations affecting the pattern of the larval cuticle inDrosophila melanogaster. I. Zygotic loci in the second chromosome. Wilhelm Roux’s Arch 193:267–282

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Riley PD, Carroll SB, Scott MP (1987) The expression and regulation ofSex combs reduced protein inDrosophila embryos. Genes and Development 1:716–730

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sánchez-Herrero E, Vernos I, Marco R, Morata G (1985) Genetic organization ofDrosophila bithorax complex. Nature 313:108–113

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Strecker TR, Lengyel J (1988) Anterior-posterior pattern formation: an evolutionary perspective on genes specifying terminal domains. Bioessays 9:3–7

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Struhl G (1981) A gene product required for correct initiation of segmental determination inDrosophila. Nature 239:36–41

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Struhl G (1981) A blastoderm fate map of compartments and segments ofDrosophila head. Dev Biol 84:386–396

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Struhl G (1982) Genes controlling segmental specification inDrosophila thorax. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 79:7380–7384

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Struhl G (1983) Role of theesc + gene product in ensuring the selective expression of segment-specific homeotic genes inDrosophila. J Embryol Exp Morphol 76:297–331

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Struhl G (1984) Splitting the bithorax complex ofDrosophila. Nature 308:454–457

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Struhl G, Akam M (1985) Altered distributions ofUltrabithorax transcripts inextra sex combs mutant embryos ofDrosophila. EMBO J 4:3259–3264

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Struhl G, White RAH (1985) Regulation of theUltrabithorax gene ofDrosophila by other bithorax complex genes. Cell 43:507–519

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Weeden C, Harding K, Levine M (1986) Spatial regulation ofAntennapedia and bithorax gene expression by thePolycomb locus. Cell 44:739–748

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • White RAH, Wilcox M (1984) Protein products of the bithorax complex inDrosophila. Cell 39:163–171

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • White RAH, Wilcox M (1985) Distribution ofUltrabithorax proteins inDrosophila. EMBO J 4:2035–2043

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Casanova, J. Mutations in thespalt gene ofDrosophila cause ectopic expression ofUltrabithorax andSex combs reduced . Roux’s Arch Dev Biol 198, 137–140 (1989). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02438938

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02438938

Key words

Navigation