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Biology of the spiderChiracanthium mildei [Arachnida: Clubionidae]

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Abstract

The biology ofChiracanthium mildei L. Koch was studied under standardized laboratory conditions (24±1°C, 55–60% RH). Specimens were reared from eggs, with 1- to 6-day-oldSpodoptera larvae serving as prey throughout their life cycle. Biological studies included an investigation of the rate of development, life cycle, reproductive potential and behavior, as well as the influence of certain environmental factors on these parameters. Under standard laboratory conditions,C. mildei showed 87% survival from egg to functional fertility. Males required a mean of 182 (137–207) days after hatching to reach maturity, became adults following 7–8 molts, and lived for an average of 73 days as adults. Females required a mean of 231 (191–286) days after hatching to mature, reached adulthood after 9–10 molts, and lived for an average of 240 days as adults. Females were found to mate only once and to oviposit from 1 to 5 times (average 1.8), at 30-day intervals. They produced a mean of 35 eggs in the 1st hatch and 31 eggs in the 2nd.

Résumé

La biologie de l'araignéeChiracanthium mildei L. Koch a été étudiée au laboratoire (24±1°C. 55–60% H.R.). Les élevages ont été conduits à partir des œufs, avec des larves deSpodoptera de 1 à 6 j fournies comme proies pendant toute la durée du cycle évolutif. Les études biologiques ont porté sur la vitesse de développement, le cycle évolutif, le potentiel et le comportement de reproduction, ainsi que sur l'influence de certains facteurs du milieu sur ces paramètres. Dans les conditions du laboratoire, le taux de survie deC. mildei fut de 87% de l'œuf à la maturité sexuelle. Chez les mâles la maturité est atteinte en moyenne 182 j (137–207) après l'éclosion de l'œuf. Ils deviennent adultes après 7 ou 8 mues et vivent en moyenne 73 j. Chez les femelles on compte une moyenne de 231 j (191–386) de l'éclosion de l'œuf à la maturité. Elles deviennent adultes après 9 ou 10 mues et vivent en moyenne 240 j. Les femelles s'accouplent 1 fois mais pondent 1 à 5 fois (moyenne 1,8) en 30 j. Leur fécondité moyenne est de 35 œufs lors de la 1re ponte et de 31 œufs pour la 2e.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Div. of Entomology, ARO, Newe Ya'ar, P.O., Haifa, Israel

    F. Mansour

  2. Div. of Entomology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Faculty of Agriculture, Rehovot, Israel

    D. Rosen

  3. Div. of Entomology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel

    A. Shulov

Authors
  1. F. Mansour
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  2. D. Rosen
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  3. A. Shulov
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Additional information

Contribution from the Agricultural Research Organization, Bet Dagan, Israel. No. 203-E, 1979 series.

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Mansour, F., Rosen, D. & Shulov, A. Biology of the spiderChiracanthium mildei [Arachnida: Clubionidae]. Entomophaga 25, 237–248 (1980). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02371923

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