Abstract
A pharmacokinetic study of ochratoxin A in rats has demonstrated the binding of the toxin to serum albumin and its presence in all organs investigated. The acidic properties of the mycotoxin explain its absorption from the stomach and the fact that it binds to some macromolecules.
Ochratoxin A is converted into the less toxic ochratoxin ∞ by the bacterial microflora present in the rat caecum and in rumen liquor, and this product of hydrolysis has been recovered from urine and faeces. However, oxhratoxin A itself is excreted in the milk of rabbits.
Using the example of ochratoxin A, the author discusses the value of such investigations in the study of the contamination of the human food chain.
Kurzfassung
Das pharmako-kinetische Studium des Ochratoxins A an Ratten zeigt, dass das Toxin an das Albumin des Plasmas gebunden wird; sein Nachweis gelang in allen untersuchten Organen. Die sauren Eigenschaften des Mycotoxins machen eine Resorption im Magen sowie die Bindung an einige Makromoleküle verständlich. Das Ochratoxin A wird durch die bakterielle Mikroflora des Caecums der Ratte als auch durch Pansensaft zu Ochratoxin ∞ umgewandelt. Dieses Hydrolysat ist in Harn und Fäces der Tiere nachweisbar. Ochratoxin A jedoch wird nur mit der Milch des weiblichen Kaninchens ausgeschieden.
Im Anschluss an die Beispiele diskutiert der Autor des Interesse dieser Studien bezüglich einer Kontamination in der Ernährungskette des Menschen; immerhin geben jene Ergebnisse Anlass genug für weitere gründliche Untersuchungen.
Resume
L'étude pharmacocinétique de l'ochratoxine A chez le Rat démontre la liaison de la toxine avec l'albumine plasmatique et sa présence dans tous les organes examinés. Les propriétés acides de la mycotoxine permettent d'expliquer son absorption gastrique et les liaisons avec certaines macromolécules. L'ochratoxine A est transformée en ochratoxine ∞ moins toxique par les microflores du caecum de Rat et des liquides de rumen. Ce produit d'hydrolyse est retrouvé dans l'urine et les fèces des animaux; toutefois, l'ochratoxine A est excrétée seule par le lait de la lapine.
A partir de cet exemple, l'auteur discute de l'intérêt de telles études à propos du problème de la contamination de la chaîne alimentaire de l'Homme et justifie l'approfondissement de recherches complementaires.
Riassunto
Lo studio farmacocinetico dell'ochratossina A nei ratti mette in luce la relazione esistente fra la tossina e l'albumina plasmatica, nonché la sua presenza in tutti gli organi esaminati. Le proprietà acide della micotossina spiegano il suo assorbimento gastrico ed i suoi legami con talune macromolecole. L'ocratossina A è trasformata in ocratossina ∞ meno tossica, dalla microflora batterica dell'intestino cieco del ratto e dal succo gastrico. Questo prodotto idrolitico è presente nell'urina e nelle feci degli animali; peraltro l'ocratossina A è eliminato soltanto attraverso il latte della coniglia.
Basandosi su questo esempio, l'autore esamina l'interesse di tali studi in relazione al problema della contaminazione della catena alimentare umana e motiva la necessità di ulteriori ricerche.
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Galtier, P. Contribution of pharmacokinetic studies to mycotoxicology—Ochratoxin A. Vet Res Commun 1, 349–358 (1977). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02267666
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02267666