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Circulation and water masses in the Faroese Channels during overflow '73

Zirkulation und Wassermassen in Färöer-Shetland-und Färöer-Bank-Kanal während Overflow '73

Circulation et masses d'eau dans les canaux de Féroé-Shetland et Banc de Féroé pendant la campagne Overflow '73

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Summary

Hydrographic data and current measurements obtained during the Overflow '73-expedition were combined into a revised scheme of the circulation and the transports in the Faroese Channels. The inflow of North Atlantic water into the Norwegian Sea was found to be 2.0×106 m3 s−1, whereas the outflow of Norwegian Sea deep water amounted to 1.1×106 m3 s−1. The complexity of the circulation scheme was caused by a Modified North Atlantic water and by Arctic Intermediate water, which entered the Channels from the north with a volume transport of 2.5 and 1.1×106 m3 s−1 respectively. Only part of this (1.2 and 0.3×106 m3 s−1) was observed to pass the Faroe-Bank Channel into the Atlantic, whereas the remainder recirculated into the Norwegian Sea. Baroclinic instability of the inflowing North Atlantic water above the Shetland slope area is suspected to cause the recirculation.

Zusammenfassung

Anhand der hydrographischen Daten und der Strömungsmessungen, die während der Expedition Overflow '73 durchgeführt wurden, werden die bisherigen Vorstellungen zur Zirkulation und zum Massentransport im Färöer-Shetland- und im Färöer-Bank-Kanal überarbeitet. Der Einstrom von atlantischem Wasser in die Norwegische See und der Ausstrom von Tiefenwasser in den Atlantik entsprechen mit 2,0 bzw. 1,1×106 m3 s−1 den klassischen Vorstellungen. Eine Komplizierung ergibt sich durch die Beobachtung, daß von dem modifizierten atlantischen Wasser und von dem arktischen Zwischenwasser, die mit 2,5 bzw. 1,1×106 m3 s−1 von Norden her in den Färöer-Shetland-Kanal eindringen, nur 1,2 bzw. 0,3×106 m3 s−1 durch den Färöer-Bank-Kanal in den Atlantik gelangen. Die verbleibenden Wassermassen rezirkulieren in die Norwegische See, wobei eine barokline Instabilität des über dem Shetland-Kontinentalabfall einströmenden atlantischen Wassers als Ursache vermutet wird.

Résumé

Sur la base des données hydrographiques et des mesures de courant obtenues pendant la campagne Overflow '73 la conception de la circulation et des transports dans les canaux de Féroé-Shetland et Banc de Féroé a été révisée. On a trouvé que l'écoulement de l'eau de l'Atlantique Nord dans la Mer de Norvège s'élevait à 2,0×106 m3 s−1; l'écoulement de l'eau profonde de la Mer de Norvège dans l'Atlantique Nord était 1,1×106 m3 s−1. La complexité du système de circulation est due à la pénétration du nord de l'eau de l'Atlantique Nord modifiée (2,5×106 m3 s−1) et de l'eau arctique intermédiaire (1,1×106 m3 s−1) dans le canal de Féroé-Shetland et de Banc de Féroé. On a observé que seulement 1,2 et 0,3×106 m3 s−1 respectivement de cette masse d'eau ont passé par le canal de Banc de Féroé dans l'Atlantique, pendant que le reste a recirculé dans la Mer de Norvège. On suppose que cette recirculation a été causée par l'instabilité barocline de l'eau de l'Atlantique Nord coulant par-dessus le talus de Shetland.

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Dooley, H.D., Meincke, J. Circulation and water masses in the Faroese Channels during overflow '73. Deutsche Hydrographische Zeitschrift 34, 41–55 (1981). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02226585

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