Skip to main content
Log in

What's new in chitinase research?

  • Reviews
  • Published:
Experientia Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

This review article deals with recent developments in molecular and physiological aspects of chitinases from plants, fungi, bacteria, insects and fishes.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Abeles, F. B., Bosshart, R. P., Fuence, L. E., and Habig, W. H., Preparation and purification of glucanase and chitinase from bean leaves. Pl. Physiol.47 (1970) 129–134.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Ary, M. B., Richardson, M., and Shewry, P. R., Purification and characterization of an insect α-amylase inhibitor/endochitinase from seeds of Job's tears (Coix lachryma-jobi). Biochim. biophys. Acta993 (1989) 260–266.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Audy, P., Benhamou, N., Trudel, J., and Asselin, A., Immunocytochemical localization of a wheat germ lysozyme in wheat embryo and coleoptile cells and cytochemical study of its interaction with the cell wall. Pl. Physiol.88 (1988) 1317–1322.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Awade, S., De Tapia, M., Didierjean, L., and Burkard, G., Biological function of bean pathogenesis-related (PR3 an PR4) proteins. Pl. Sci.63 (1989) 121–130.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Balasubramanian, R., and Manocha, M. S., Proteinase, chitinase, and chitosanase activities in germinating spores ofPiptocephalis virginiana. Myocologia78 (1986) 157–163.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Benhamou, N., and Asselin, A., Attempted localization of a substrate for chitinases in plant cells reveals abundant N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues in secondary walls. Biol. Cell67 (1989) 341–350.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Benhamou, N., Joosten, M. H. A. J., and De Wit, P. J. G. M., Subcellular localization of chitinase and of its potential substrate in tomato root tissues infected byFusarium oxysporum f. sp.racidislycopersici. Pl. Physiol.92 (1990) 1108–1120.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Bernard, N., Sur la fonction fungicide des bulbes d'ophrydées. Am. Sci. Nat. Bot. Paris14 (1911) 221–234.

    Google Scholar 

  9. Bernasconi, P., Les lysozymes et les chitinases des cellules deRubus et deParthenocissus cultivées in vitro. Thesis, IBPV, Université de Lausanne, Switzerland 1987.

    Google Scholar 

  10. Bernasconi, P., Jollès, P., and Pilet, P. E., Increase of lysozyme and chitinase inRubus calli caused by infection and some polymers. Pl. Sci.44 (1986) 79–83.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Bernasconi, P., Jollès, P., and Pilet, P. E., Purification of large amounts of lysozyme with chitinase activity fromRubus hispidus cultured in vitro, in: Chitin in Nature and Technology, pp. 234–236, Plenum Press, New York 1986.

    Google Scholar 

  12. Bernasconi, P., Locher, R., Pilet, P. E., Jollès, J., and Jollès, P., Purification and N-terminal amino-acid sequence of a basic lysozyme fromParthenocissus quinquifolia cultured in vitro. Biochim. biophys. Acta915 (1987) 254–260.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Beyer, M., and Diekmann, H., The chitinase system ofStreptomyces sp. ATCC 11238 and its significance for fungal cell wall degradation. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol.23 (1985) 140–146.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Boden, N., Sommer, U. and Spindler, K. D., Demonstration and characterization of chitinases in theDrosophila Kc cell line. Insect Biochem.15 (1985) 19–23.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Boller, T., Ethylene and the regulation of antifungal hydrolases in plants. Oxford Surv. Pl. molec. cell. Biol.5 (1988) 145–174.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Boller, T., Gehri, A., Mauch, F., and Vögeli, U., Chitinase in bean leaves: induction by ethylene, purification, properties, and possible function. Planta157 (1983) 22–31.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Boller, T., and Mètraux, J. P., Extracellular localization of chitinase in cucumber. Physiol. molec. Pl. Path.33 (1988) 11–16.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Boller, T., and Vögeli, U., Vacuolar localization of ethylene induced chitinase in bean leaves. Pl. Physiol.74 (1984) 442–444.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Broekaert, W. F., Lee, H., Kush, A., Chua, N. H., and Raikhel, N. Wound induced accumulation of mRNA containing a hevein sequence in laticifers of rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis). Proc. natl. Acad. Sci. USA87 (1990) 7633–7637.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  20. Broekaert, W. F., Van Parijs, L., Leyns, F., Joos, H., and Peumans, W. J., A chitin-binding lectin from stinging nettle rhizomes with antifungal properties. Science245 (1989) 1100–1102.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Broglie, K. E., Biddle, P., Cressman, R., and Broglie, R., Functional analysis of DNA sequences responsible for ethylene regulation of a bean chitinase gene in transgenic tobacco. Pl. Cell1 (1989) 599–607.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Broglie, K. E., Gaynor, J. J., and Broglie, R. M., Ethylene-regulated gene expression: mulecular cloning of the genes encoding an endochitinase fromPhaseolus vulgaris. Proc. natl. Acad. Sci. USA83 (1986) 6820–6824.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  23. Butler, A. R., O'Donnell, R. W., Martin, V. J., Gooday, G. W., and Stark, M. J. R.,Kluyveromyces lactis toxin has an essential chitinase activity. Eur. J. Biochem.199 (1991) 483–488.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Chagolla, A., Pedraza, M., and Lopez-Romero, E., Chitinolytic activity in cell-free extracts from mycelial cells ofMucor rousii. Rev. Mex. Microbiol.3 (1987) 283–292.

    Google Scholar 

  25. Chamberland, H., Charest, P. M., Ouelette, G. B., and Pauzé, F. J., Chitinase-gold complex used to localize chitin ultrastructurally in tomato root cells infected byFusarium oxysporum f. sp.radicis-lycopersici, compared with a chitin specific gold-conjugated lectin. Histochem. J.17 (1985) 313–321.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Clark, J., Quayle, K. A., MacDonald, N. L., and Stark, J. R., Metabolism in marine flatfish. V. Chitinolytic activities in Dover sole,Solea solea. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. Pt B90 (1988) 379–384.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Cody, R. M., Distribution of chitinase and chitobiase inBacillus. Curr. Microbiol.19 (1989) 201–205.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Daugrois, J. H., Lafitte, C., Barthe, J. P., and Touze, A., Induction of β-1,3-glucanase and chitinase activity in compatible and in incompatible interactions betweenColletotrichum lindemuthianum and bean cultivars. J. Phytopath.130 (1990) 225–234.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Davis, J. M., Clarke, H. R. G., Bradshaw Jr, H. D., and Gordon, M. P.,Populus chitinase gene: structure, organization, and similarity of translated sequences to herbaceous plant chitinases. Pl. molec. Biol.17 (1991) 631–639.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Dickinson, K., Keer, V., Hitchcock, C. A., and Adams, D. J., Chitinase activity fromCandida albicans and its inhibition by allosamidin. J. gen. Microbiol.135 (1989) 1417–1421.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Dickinson, K., Keer, V., Hitchcock, C. A., and Adams, D. J., Microsomal chitinase activity fromCandida albicans. Biochim. biophys. Acta1073 (1991) 177–182.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. El-Sayed, G. N., Coudron, T. A., Ignoffo, C. M., and Riba, G., Chitinolytic activity and virulence associated with native and mutant isolates of an entomophathogenic fungus,Nomureae rileyi. J. invert. Path.54 (1989) 394–403.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. Esaka, M., Enoki, K., Kouchi, B., and Sasaki, T., Purification and characterization of abundant secreted protein in suspension-cultured pumpkin cells. Pl. Physiol.93 (1990) 1037–1041.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Fink, W., Liefland, M., and Mendgen, K., Chitnases and β-1,3-glucanases in the apoplastic compartment of oat leaves (Avena sativa L.). Pl. Physiol.88 (1988) 270–275.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Fuchs, R. L., MacPherson, S. A., and Drahos, D. J., Cloning of aSerratia marcescens gene encoding chitinase. Appl. envir. Microbiol.51 (1986) 504–509.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Fukamiso, T., and Kramer, K. J., Mechanism of chitin oligosaccharide hydrolysis by the binary enzyme chitinase system in insect moulting fluid. Insect Biochem.15 (1985) 1–7.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  37. Fukamiso, T., and Kramer, K. J., Mechanism of chitin hydrolysis by the binary chitinase system in insect moulting fluid. Insect Biochem.15 (1985) 141–145.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  38. Fukamiso, T., and Kramer, K. J., Effect of 20-hydroxyecdysone on chitinase and β-N-acetylglucosaminidase during the larval-pupal transformation ofManduca sexta (L.). Insect Biochem.17 (1987) 547–550.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  39. Fukamiso, T., Speirs, R. D., and Kramer, K. J., Comparative biochemistry of mycophagous and non-mycophagous grain beetles. Chitinolytic activities of foreign and sawtoothed grain beetles. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. Pt. B81 (1985) 207–209.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  40. Funke, B., Criel, G., and Splinder, K. D., Chitin degrading enzymes: characteristics and functions duringArtemia development, in: Cellular and Molecular Biology of Artemia Development, pp. 191–200. Plenum Press, N. Y. 1989.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  41. Gaynor, J. J., Primary structure of an endochitinase mRNA fromSolanum tuberosum. Nucl. Acids Res.16 (1988) 5210.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  42. Gaynor, J. J., and Unkenholz, K. M., Sequence analysis of a genomic clone encoding an endochitinase fromSolanum tuberosum. Nucl. Acids Res.17 (1989) 5855–5856.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  43. Gomez Lim, M. A., Kelly, P., Sexton, R., and Trewavas, A. J., Identification of chitinase mRNA in abscission zones from bean (Phaseolus vulgaris red kidney) during ethylene-induced abscission. Pl. Cell Envir.10 (1987) 741–746.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. Gooday, G. W., Brydon, L. J., and Chappell, L. H., Chitinase in femaleOnchocerca gisoni and its inhibition by allosamidin. Mol. Biochem. Parasitol.29 (1988) 223–225.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  45. Hara, S., Yamumara, Y., Fujii, Y., Mega, and Ikenaka, T., Purification and characterization of chitinase produced byStreptomyces erythraeus. J. Biochem.105 (1989) 484–489.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  46. Harpster, M. H., and Dunsmuir, P., Nucleotide sequence of the chitinase B gene ofSerratia marcescens QMB1466. Nucl. Acid Res.17 (1989) 5395.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  47. Hedrick, S. A., Bell, J. N., Boller, T., and Lamb, C. J., Chitinase cDNA cloning and mRNA induction by fungal elicitor, wounding, and infection. Pl. Physiol.86 (1988) 182–186.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  48. Hendy, L., Gallagher, J., Winter, A., Hacket, T. J., McHale, L., and McHale, A. P., Production of an extracellular chitinolytic system byTalaromyces emersonii CBS 814.70. Biotechnol. Lett.12 (1990) 673–678.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  49. Herget, T., Schell, J., and Schreier, P. H., Elicitor-specific induction of one member of the chitinase gene family inArachis hypogaea. Molec. gen. Genet.224 (1990) 469–476.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  50. Herwig, R. P., Pellerin, N. B., Irgens, R. L., Maki, J. S., and Staley, J. T., Chitinolytic bacteria and chitin mineralization in the marine waters and sediments along the antarctic peninsula. FEMS Microbiol. Ecol.53 (1988) 101–112.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  51. Hooft van Huijsduijnen, R. A. M., Kauffmann, S., Brederode, F. Th., Cornelissen, B. J. C., Legrand, M., Fritig, B., and Bol, J. F., Homology between chitinases that are induced by TMV infection of Tobacco. Pl. molec. Biol.9 (1987) 411–420.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  52. Huber, M., Cabib, E., and Miller, L. H., Malaria parasite chitinase and penetration of the mosquito peritrophic membrane. Proc. natl Acad. Sci. USA88 (1991) 2807–2810.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  53. Humphreys, A. M., and Gooday, G. W., Chitinase activities fromMucor mucedo, in: Microbial Cell Wall Synthesis and Autolysis. FEMS Symposium, pp. 269–273. Ed. C. Nombela. Elsevier Scientific Press, 1984.

  54. Humphreys, A. M., and Gooday, G. W., Phospholipid requirement of microsomal chitinase fromMucor mucedo. Curr. Microbiol.11 (1984) 187–190.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  55. Ishige, F., Yamazaki, K., Mori, H., and Imaseki, H., The effects of ethylene on the coordinated synthesis of multiple proteins: accumulation of an acidic chitinase and a basic glycoprotein induced by ethylene in leaves of Azuki bean,Vigna angularis. Pl. Cell Physiol.32 (1991) 681–690.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  56. Jekel, P. A., Hartmann, B., and Beintema, J. J., The primary structure of hevamine, an enzyme with lysozyme/chitinase activity fromHevea brasiliensis latex. Eur. J. Biochem.200 (1990) 123–130.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  57. Jeuniaux, C., Chitinases, in: Methods in Enzymology, vol. 8, pp. 644–650. Academic Press, New York 1966.

    Google Scholar 

  58. Jollès, P., and Jollès, J., What's new in lysozyme research? Molec. cell. Biochem.63 (1984) 165–189.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  59. Jones, J. D. G., Grady, K. L., Suslow, T. V., and Bedbrook, J. R., Isolation and characterization of genes encoding two chitinase enzymes fromSerratia marcescens. EMBO J.5 (1986) 467–473.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  60. Joosten, M. H. A. J., and De Wit, P. J. G. M., Identification of several pathogenesis-related proteins in tomato leaves inoculated withCladosporium fulvum (syn.Fulvia fulva) as 1,3-β-glucanases and chitinases. Pl. Physiol.89 (1989) 945–951.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  61. Kamei, K., Yamamura, Y., Hara, S., and Ikenaka, T., Amino acid sequence of chitinase fromStreptomyces erythraeus. J. Biochem.105 (1989) 979–985.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  62. Karrer, P., and Hofmann, A., Über een enzymatischen Abbau von Chitin und Chitosan I. Helv. chim. Acta12 (1929) 616–637.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  63. Keefe, D., Hinz, H., and Meins F. Jr, The effect of ethylene on the cell-type-specific and intracellular localization of β-1,3-glucanase and chitinase in tobacco leaves. Planta182 (1990) 43–51.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  64. Kless, H., Sitrit, Y., Chet, I., and Oppenheim, A. B., Cloning of the gene for chitobiase ofSerratia marcescens. Molec. gen. Genet.217 (1989) 471–473.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  65. Koga, D., Jujimoto, H., Funakoshi, T., Utsumi, T., and Ide, A., Appearance of chitinolytic enzymes in integument ofBombyx mori during the larval-pupal transformation. Evidence for zymogenic forms. Insect Biochem.19 (1989) 123–128.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  66. Koga, D., Isogai, A., Sakuda, S., Matsumoto, S., Suzuki, A., Kimura, S., and Ide, A., Specific inhibition ofBombyx mori chitinase by allosamidin. Agric. Biol. Chem.51 (1987) 471–476.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  67. Koga, D., Shimazaki, C., Yamamoto, K., Inoue, Kimura, S., and Ide, A., β-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminidases from integument of the silkworm,Bombyx mori: comparative biochemistry with the pupal alimentary canal enzyme. Agric. Biol. Chem.51 (1987) 1679–1681.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  68. Kole, M. M., and Altosaar, I., Increased chitinase production by non-pigmented mutant ofSerratia marcescens. FEMS Microbiol. Lett.26 (1985) 265–269.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  69. Kombrink, E., Schröder, M., and Hahibrock, K., Several ‘pathogenesis-related’ proteins in potato are 1,3-β-glucanases and chitinases. Proc. natl Acad. Sci. USA85 (1988) 782–786.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  70. Kono, M., Furukawa, K., Satoh, H., Matsui, T., and Shimizu, C., Changes in the chitinase activity at different stages of Red Sea breamPragus major egg, larva, and juvenile. Nippon Suisan Gakk.53 (1987) 1289–1293.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  71. Kono, M., Matsui, T., and Shimizu, C., Purification and some properties of chitinase from the stomach of red sea breamPagrus major. Nippon Suisan Gakk.53 (1987) 131–136.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  72. Kono, M., Matsui, T., and Shimizu, C., Chitin-decomposing bacteria in digestive tracts of cultured red sea bream and Japanese eel. Nippon Suisan Gakk.53 (1987) 305–310.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  73. Kono, M., Matsui, T., Shimizu, C., and Koga, D., Purification and some properties of chitinase from the stomach of japanese eel,Anguilla japonica. Agric. Biol. Chem.54 (1990) 973–987.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  74. Kono, M., Matsui, T., Shimizu, C., and Koga, D., Purification and some properties of chitinase from the liver of a prawn,Penaeus japonicus. Agric. Biol. Chem.54 (1990) 2145–2147.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  75. Kragh, K. M., Jacobsen, S., and Mikkelsen, J. D., Induction, purification and characterization of barley leaf chitinase. Plant Sci.71 (1990) 55–68.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  76. Kramer, K. J., and Koga, D., Mini review. Insect chitin. Physical state, synthesis, degradation and metabolic regulation. Insect Biochem.16 (1986) 851–877.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  77. Kramerov, A. A., Metakovskii, E. V., and Gvozdev, V. A., Sulfated and chitinase-sensitive glycoproteins in cultured cells ofDrosophila melanogaster. Biochemistry USSR50 (1985) 811–822.

    Google Scholar 

  78. Kuranda, M. J., and Robbins, P. W., Chitinase is required for cell separation during growth ofSaccharomyces cerevisiae. J. Biol. Chem.266 (1991) 19758–19767.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  79. Kurosaki, F., Tashiro, N., Gamou, R., and Nishi, A., Chitinase isoenzymes induced in carrot cell culture by treatment with ethylene. Phytochemistry28 (1989) 2989–2992.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  80. Kurosaki, F., Tashiro, N., and Nishi, A., Induction of chitinase and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase in cultured carrot cells treated with fungal mycelial walls. Pl. Cell Physiol.27 (1986) 1587–1591.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  81. Kurosaki, F., Tashiro, N., and Nishi, A., Role of chitin oligosaccharides in lignification response of cultured carrot cells treated with mycelial walls. Pl. Cell Physiol.29 (1988) 527–531.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  82. Kurosaki, F., Tashiro, N., and Nishi, A., Chitinase induction in carrot cell cultures treted with various fungal components. Biochem. int.20 (1990) 99–107.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  83. Laflamme, D., and Roxby, R., Isolation and nucleotide sequence of cDNA clones encoding potato chitinase genes. Pl. molec. Biol.13 (1989) 249–250.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  84. Leah, R., Tommerup, H., Svendsen, I., and Mundy, J., Biochemical and molecular characterization of three barley seed proteins with antifungal properties. J. biol. Chem.266 (1991) 1564–1573.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  85. Legrand, M., Kauffmann, S., Geoffroy, Pl., and Fritig, B., Biological function of pathogenesis-related proteins: four tobacco pathogenesis-related proteins are chitinases. Proc. natl Acad. Sci. USA84 (1987) 6750–6754.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  86. Lucas, J., Henschen, A., Lottspeich, F., Voegeli, U., and Boller, T., Amino-terminal sequence of ethylene-induced bean leaf chitinase reveals similarities to sugar-binding domains of wheat germ agglutinin. FEBS Lett.193 (1985) 208–210.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  87. Lynn, K. R., Four lysozymes from latex ofAsclepias syriaca. Phytochemistry28 (1989) 1345–1348.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  88. Lynn, K. R., Chitinases and chitobiases from the American lobster (Homarus americanus). Comp. Biochem. Physiol. Pt B96 (1990) 761–766.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  89. Majeau, N., Trudel, J., and Asselin, A., Diversity of cucumber chitinase isoforms and characterization of one seed basic chitinase with lysozyme activity. Pl. Sci.69 (1990) 9–16.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  90. Manocha, M. A., and Balasubramanian, R., In vitro regulation of chitinase and chitin synthase activity of two mucoraceous host of a mycoparasite. Can. J. Microbiol.34 (1988) 1116–1121.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  91. Margis-Pinheiro, M., Metz-Boutique, M. H., Awade, A., de Tapia, M., le Ret, M., and Burkard, G., Isolation of a complementary DNA encoding the bean PR4 chitinase: an acidic enzyme with an aminoterminus cysteine-rich domain. Pl. molec. Biol.17 (1991) 243–253.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  92. Martin, M., The latex ofHevea brasiliensis contains high levels of both chitinases and chitinases/lysozymes. Pl. Physiol.95 (1991) 469–476.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  93. Mauch, F., Hadwinger, L. A., and Boller, T., Antifungal hydrolases in pea tissue. I. Purification and characterization of two chitinases and two β-1,3-glucanases differentially regulated during development and in response. Pl. Physiol.87 (1988) 325–333.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  94. Mauch, F., Mauch-Mani, B., and Boller, T., Antifungal hydrolases in pea tissue. II. Inhibition of fungal growth by combinations of chitinase and β-1,3-glucanase. Pl. Physiol.88 (1988) 936–942.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  95. Mauch, F., and Staehelin, L. A., Functional implications of the cellular localization of ethylene-induced chitinase and β-1,3-glucanase in bean leaves. Pl. Cell1 (1989) 447–457.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  96. Meins, F. Jr, and Ahl, P., Induction of chitinase and β-1,3-glucanase in tobacco plants infected withPseudomonas tabaci andPhytophthora parasitica var.nicotianea. Pl. Sci.61 (1989) 155–161.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  97. Métraux, J. P., and Boller, T., Local and systemic induction of chitinase in cucumber plants in response to viral, bacterial and fungal infections. Physiol. molec. Pl. Path.28 (1986) 161–169.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  98. Métraux, J. P., Burkhart, W., Moyer, M., Dincher, S., and Middlesteadt, W., Williams, S., Payne, G., Carnes, M., and Ryals, J., Isolation of a complementary DNA encoding a chitinase with structural homology to a bifunctional lysozyme/chitinase. Proc. natl Acad. Sci. USA86 (1989) 896–900.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  99. Métraux, J. P., Streit, L., and Staub, Th., A pathogenesis-related protein in cucumber is a chitinase. Physiol. molec. Pl. Path.33 (1988) 1–9.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  100. Nanjo, F., Sakai, Ishikawa, M., Isobe, K., and Usui, T., Properties and transglycosylation reaction of a chitinase fromNocardia orientalis. Agric. Biol. Chem.53 (1989) 2189–2195.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  101. Nasser, W., de Tapia, M., Kauffmann, S., Montasser-Kouhsari, S., and Burkard, G., Identification and characterization of maize pathogenesis-related proteins. Four maize PR proteins are chitinases. Pl. molec. Biol.11 (1988) 529–538.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  102. Nasser, W., de Tapia, M., and Burkard, G., Maize pathogenesis-related proteins: characterization and cellular distribution of 1,3-β-glucanases and chitinases induced by brome mosaic virus infection or mercuric chloride treatment. Physiol. molec. Pl. Path36 (1990) 1–14.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  103. Neale, A. D., Wahleithner, J. A., Lund, M., Bonnett, H. T., Kelly, A., Meekswagner, D. R., Peachock, W. J., and Dennis, E. S., Chitinase, β-1,3-glucanase, osmotin, and extensin are expressed in tobacco explants during flower formation. Pl. Cell2 (1990) 673–684.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  104. Neuhaus, J. M., Ahl-Goy, P., Hinz, U., Flores, S., and Meins F. Jr, High-level expression of a tobacco chitinase gene inNicotiana sylvestris. Susceptibility of transgenic plants toCercospora nicotianae infection. Pl. molec. Biol.16 (1991) 141–151.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  105. Neuhaus, J. M., Sticher, L., Meins, F. Jr., and Boller, T., A short C-terminal sequence is necessary and sufficient for the targeting to the plant vacuole. Proc. natl Acad. Sci.88 (1991) 10362–10366.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  106. Nishizawa, Y., and Hibi, T., Rice chitinase gene: cDNA cloning and stress-induced expression. Pl. Sci.76 (1991) 211–218.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  107. Parent, J. G., and Asselin, A., Detection of pathogenesis proteins (PR or b) and of other proteins in the intercellular fluid of hypersensitive plants infected with tobacco mosaic virus. Can. J. Botany62 (1984) 564–569.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  108. Payne, G., Ahl, P., Moyer, M., Harper, A., Beck, J., Meins, F., and Ryals, J., Isolation of complementary DNA clones encoding pathogenesis-related proteins P and Q, two acidic chitinases from tobacco. Proc. natl. Acad. Sci. USA87 (1990) 98–102.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  109. Pedraza-Reyes, M., and Lopez-Romero, E., Purification and some properties of two forms of chitinase from mycelial cells ofMucor rouxii. J. gen. Microbiol.135 (1989) 211–218.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  110. Pedraza-Reyes, M., and Lopez-Romero, E., Detection of nine chitinase species in germinating cells ofMucor rouxii. Curr. Microbiol.22 (1991) 43–46.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  111. Pel, R., Microbial interaction in anaerobic chitin-degrading mixed cultures. Thesis, Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, Netherland 1989.

    Google Scholar 

  112. Peter, G., and Schweikart, F., Chitin biosynthesis enhancement by the endochitinase inhibitor allosamidin. Biol. Chem. Hoppe-Seyler371 (1990) 471–473.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  113. Rehbein, H., Danulat, E., and Leineman, M., Activities of chitinase and protease and concentration of fluoride in the digestive tract of antarctic fishes feeding on krill (Euphasia superba Dana). Comp. Biochem. Physiol. Pt A85 (1986) 545–511.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  114. Reyes, F., Calatayud, J., and Martinez, M. J., Chitinolytic activity in the autolysis ofAspergillus nidulans. FEMS Microbiol. Lett.49 (1988) 239–243.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  115. Ride, J. P., and Barber, M. S., Purification and characterization of multiple forms of endochitinase from wheat leaves. Pl. Sci.71 (1990) 185–197.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  116. Robbins, P. W., Albright, C., and Benfield, B., Cloning and expression of aStreptomyces plicatus chitinase (chitinase-63) inEscherichia coli. J. biol. Chem.262 (1988) 443–447.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  117. Robbins, P. W., Trimble, R. B., Wirth, D. F., Hering, C., Maley, F., Maley, G. F., Das, R., Gibson, B. W., Royal, N., and Biemann, K., Primary structure of theStreptomyces enzyme endo-β-N-acetylglucosaminidase H. J. biol. Chem.259 (1984) 7577–7583.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  118. Roberts, W. K., and Selitrennikoff, C. P., Plant and bacterial chitinases differ in antifungal activity. J. gen. Microbiol.134 (1988) 169–176.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  119. Roby, D., Broglie, K., Cressman, R., Biddle, P., Chet, I., and Broglie, R., Activation of a bean chitinase promoter in transgenic tobacco plants by phytopathogenic fungi. Pl. Cell2 (1990) 999–1007.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  120. Roby, D., and Broglie, R., Regulation of a chitinase gene promoter by ethylene and elicitors in bean protoplasts. Pl. Physiol.97 (1991) 433–439.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  121. Roby, D., and Esquere-Tugaye, M. T., Purification and some properties of chitinases from melon plants infected byColletotrichum lagenarium. Carbohyd. Res.165 (1987) 93–104.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  122. Roby, D., and Esquerre-Tugaye, M. T., Induction of chitinases and of translatable mRNA for these enzymes in melon plants infected withColletotrichum lagenarium. Pl. Sci.52 (1987) 175–185.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  123. Roby, D., Gadelle, A. and Toppan, A., Chitin oligosacharides as elicitors of chitinase activity in melon plants. Biochem. biophys. Res. Commun.143 (1987) 885–892.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  124. Roby, D., Toppan, A., and Esquerré-Tugayé, M. T., Cell surfaces in plant-microorganism interactions. VI. Elicitors of ethylene fromColletotrichum lagenarium trigger chitinase activity in melon plants. Pl. Physiol.81 (1986) 228–233.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  125. Roby, D., Toppan, A., and Esquerré-Tugayé, M. T., Systemic induction of chitinase activity and resistance in melon plants upon fungal infection or elicitor treatment. Physiol. molec. Pl. Path.33 (1988) 409–417.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  126. Rozeboom, H. J., Budiani, A., Beintema, J. J., and Dijkstra, B. W., Crystallization of hevamine, an enzyme with lysozyme/chitinase activity fromHevea brasiliensis latex. J. molec. Biol.212 (1990) 441–443.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  127. Ryder, T. B., Hedrick, S. A., Bell, J. N., Liang, X., Clouse, S. D., and Lamb, C. J., Organisation and differential expression of a gene family encoding the plant defense enzyme chalcone synthase inPhaseolus vulgaris. Molec. gen. Genet.210 (1987) 219–223.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  128. Sakuda, S., Isogai, A., Makita, T., Matsumoto, S., Koseki, K., Kodama, H., and Suzuki, A., Structures of allosamidins, novel insect chitinase inhibitors, produced by actinomycetes. Agric. Biol. Chem.51 (1987) 3251–3259.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  129. Sakuda, S., Isogai, A., Matsumoto, S., and Suzuki, A., Search for microbial insect growth regulators. II. Allosamidin, a novel insect chitinase inhibitor. J. Antibiot.40 (1987) 296–300.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  130. Sakuda, S., Isogai, A., Matsumoto, S., Suzuki, A., and Koseki, K., The structure of allosamidin a novel insect chitinase inhibitor, produced byStreptomyces sp. Tetrahedrom Lett.27 (1986) 2475–2478.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  131. Sakuda, S., Isogai, A., Matsumoto, S., Suzuki, A., Koseki, K., Kodama, H., and Yamada, Y., Absolute configuration of allosamizoline, an aminocyclitol derivative of the chitinase inhibitor allosamidin. Agric. Biol. Chem.52 (1988) 1615–1617.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  132. Sakuda, S., Nishimoto, Y., Ohi, M., Watanabe, M., Takayama, S., Isogai, A., and Yamada, Y., Ellects of demethylallosamidin, a potent yeast chitinase inhibitor, on the cell division of yeast. Agric. Biol. Chem.54 (1990) 1333–1335.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  133. Samac, D. A., Hironaka, C. M., Yallaly, P. E., and Shah, D. M., Isolation and characterization of the genes encoding basic and acidic chitinase inArabidopsis thaliana. Pl. Physiol.93 (1990) 907–914.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  134. Schlumbaum, A., and Boller, T., Translocation of the signal for systemic induction of chitinase in infected cucumber. Experientia44 (1988) 459.

    Google Scholar 

  135. Schlumbaum, A., Mauch, F., Vögeli, U., and Boller, T., Plant chitinases are potent inhibitors of fungal growth. Nature324 (1986) 365–367.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  136. Shapira, R., Ordentlich, A., Chet, I., and Oppenheim, A. B., Control of plant diseases by chitinase expressed from cloned DNA inEscherichia coli. Phytopathology79 (1989) 1246–1249.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  137. Shinshi, H., Mohnen, D., and Meins F. Jr, Regulation of a plant pathogenesis-related enzyme: inhibition of chitinase and chitinase mRNA accumulation in cultured tobacco tissues by auxin and cytokinin. Proc. natl Acad. Sci. USA84 (1987) 89–93.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  138. Shinshi, H., Neuhaus, J. M., Ryals, J., and Meins F. Jr, Structure of a tobacco endochitinase gene: evidence that different chitinase genes can arise by transposition of sequences encoding a cysteine-rich domain. Pl. molec. Biol.14 (1990) 357–368.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  139. Smith, J. J., and Raikhel, N. V., Nucleotide sequences of cDNA clones encoding wheat germ agglutinin isolectins A and D. Pl. molec. Biol.13 (1989) 601–603.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  140. Somers, P. J. B., Yao, R. C., Doolin, L. E., McGowan, M. J., Fukuda, D. S., and Mynderse, J. S., Method for the detection and quantification of chitinase inhibitors in fermentation broths; isolation and insect life cycle effect of A82516. J. Antibiot.40 (1987) 1751–1756.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  141. Spanu, P., Boller, T., Ludwig, A., Wiemken, A., Faccio, A., and Bonfante-Fasolo, P., Chitinase in roots of mycorrhizalAllium porrum: regulation and localization. Planta177 (1989) 447–455.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  142. Spindler, K. D., and Buchholz, F., Partial characterization of chitin degrading enzymes from two euphausiids,Euphasia superba andMeganyctiphanes norvegica. Polar Biol.9 (1988) 115–122.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  143. Spindler-Barth, M., Shaaya, E., and Spindler, K. D., The level of chitinolytic enzymes and ecdysteroids during the larval-pupal development inEphestia cautella and their modifications by a juvenile hormone analogue. Insect Biochem.16 (1986) 187–190.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  144. Srivastava, A. K., Defago, G., and Boller, T., Secretion of a chitinase byAphanocladium album, a hyperparasite of wheat rust. Experientia41 (1985) 1612–1613.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  145. Stark, M. J. R., Mileham, A. J., Romanos, M. A., and Boyd, A., Nucleotide sequence and transcription analysis of a linear DNA plasmid associated with the killer character of the yeastKluyveromyces lactis. Nucl. Acids Res.12 (1984), 6011–6030.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  146. Swegle, M., Huang, J. K., Lee, G., and Muthukrishnan, S., Identification of an endochitinase cDNA from barley aleurone cells. Pl. molec. Biol.12 (1989) 403–412.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  147. Takayanagi, T., Ajisaka, K., Takiguchi, Y., and Shimahara, K., Isolation and characterization of thermostable chitinases fromBacillus licheniformis X-7 u. Biochim. biophys. Acta1078 (1991) 404–410.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  148. Toppan, A., and Roby, D., Activité chitinasique de plantes de melon infectées parColletrichum lagenarium ou traités par l'éthylène. Agronomie2 (1982) 829–834.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  149. Trudel, J., and Asselin, A., Detection of chitinase activity after polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Analyt. Biochem.178 (1989) 362–366.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  150. Trudel, J., Audy, P., and Asselin, A., Electrophoretic forms of chitinase activity in Xanthi-nc tobacco, healthy and infected with tobacco mosaic virus. Molec. Pl.-Microbe Interact.2 (1989) 315–324.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  151. Tuzun, S., Rao, M. N., Vogeli, U., Schardl, C. L., and Kuc, J., Induced systemic resistance to blue mold: early induction and accumulation of β-1,3-glucanases, chitinases, and other pathogenesis-related proteins (b-proteins) in immunized tobacco. Phytopathology79 (1989) 979–983.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  152. Usui, T., Hayachi, Y., Nanjo, F., Sakai, K., and Ishido, Y., Transglycosylation reaction of a chitinase purified fromNocardia orientalis. Biochim. biophys. Acta923 (1987) 302–309.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  153. Usui, T., Hayashi, Y., Nanjo, F., and Ishido, Y., Enzymatic synthesis of p-nitrophenyl N,N′, N′', N′'', N′'''-pentaacetyl-β-chitopentaoside in water methanol system; significance as a substrate for lysozyme assay. Biochim. biophys. Acta953 (1988) 179–184.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  154. Usui, T., and Matsui, H., Lysozyme-mediated p-nitrophenyl penta N-acetyl-β-chitopentaoside production in aqueous-dimethylsulfoxide solvent system, as a substrate for a lysozyme assay. Agric. Biol. Chem.53 (1989) 383–388.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  155. Vasseur, V., Arigoni, F., Andersen, H., Defago, G., Bompeix, G., and Seng, J. M., Isolation and characterization ofAphanocladium-album chitinase-overproducing mutants. J. gen. Microbiol.136 (1990) 2561–2567.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  156. Verburg, J. G., and Huynh, Q. K., Purification and characterization of an antifungal chitinase fromArabidopsis thaliana. Pl. Physiol.95 (1991) 450–455.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  157. Vögeli, U., Meins, F. Jr, and Boller, T., Co-ordinated regulation of chitinase and β-1,3-glucanase in bean leaves. Planta174 (1988) 364–372.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  158. Vögeli-Lange, R., Hansen-Gehri, A., Boller, T., and Meins, F. Jr, Induction of the defense-related glucanohydrolases, β-1,3-glucanase and chitinase, by tobacco mosaic virus infection of tobacco leaves. Pl. Sci.54 (1988) 171–176.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  159. Voisey, C. R., and Slusarenko, A. J., Chitinase mRNA and enzyme activity inPhaseolus vulgaris (L.) increase more rapidly in response to avirulent than to virulent cells ofPseudomonas syringae pv.phaseolicola. Physiol. molec. Pl. Path.35 (1989) 403–412.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  160. Vyas, P., and Deshpauche, M. V., Chitinase production byMyrothecium verrucaria and its significance for fungal mycelia degradation. J. gen. appl. Microbiol.35 (1989) 343–350.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  161. Wadsworth, S. A., and Zikakis, J. P., Chitinase from soybean seeds: purification and some properties of the enzyme system. J. agric. Fd Chem.32 (1984) 1284–1288.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  162. Watanabe, T., Suzuki, K., Oyanagi, W., Ohnishi, K., and Tanaka, H., Gene-cloning of chitinase A1 formBacillus circulans WL-12 revealed its evolutionary relationship toSerratia chitinase and to type III homology units of fibronectin. J. biol. Chem.265 (1990) 15659–15665.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  163. Watanabe, T., Oyanagi, W., Suzuki, K., and Tanaka, H., Chitinase system ofBacillus circulans WL-12 and importance of chitinase A1 in chitin degradation. J. Bact.172 (1990) 4017–4022.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  164. Wood, W. A., and Kellogg, S. T., Bionass Pt B, lignin, pectin and chitin. Meth. Enzymol.161 (1988) 403–530.

    Google Scholar 

  165. Wortman, A. T., Somerville, C. C., and Colwell, R. R., Chitinase determinants ofVibrio vulnicius: gene cloning and applications of a chitinase probe. Appl. envir. Microbiol.52 (1986) 142–145.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  166. Wright, D. A., and Smucker, R. A., Ionic requirements for chitinase/ chitobiase activity in the oyster,Crassostrea virginica. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. Pt A84 (1986) 495–497.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  167. Wynne, E. C., and Pemberton, J. M., Cloning of a gene cluster fromCellvibrio mixtus which codes for cellulase, chitinase, amylase, and pectinase. Appl. envir. Microbiol.52 (1986) 1362–1367

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  168. Yabuki, M., Mizushina, K., Amatatsu, T., Ando, A., Jujii, T., Shimada, M., and Yamashita, M., Purification and characterization of chitinase and chitobiase produced byAeromonas hydrophila subsp,anaerogenes A52. J. gen. apll. Microbiol.32 (1986) 25–38.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  169. Young, M. E., Bell, R. L., and Carroad, P. A., Kinetics of chitinase production. II. Relationship between bacterial growth, chitin hydrolysis and enzyme synthesis. Biotechnol. Bioeng.27 (1985) 776–780.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  170. Zhu, Q., and Lamb, C. J., Isotation and characterization of a rice gene encoding a basic chitinase. Molec. gen. Genet.226 (1991) 289–296.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Flach, J., Pilet, P.E. & Jollès, P. What's new in chitinase research?. Experientia 48, 701–716 (1992). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02124285

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02124285

Key words

Navigation