Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Percentage Patent Representation (PPR) Bilateral Patent Balance (BPB) and Patent Dominancy (PD) indicators characterizing international patenting relations

  • Short Communications
  • Published:
Scientometrics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

In order to characterize the integration of countries into the world intellectual property network some indicators are offered. Percentage Patent Representation (PPR) gives the percentage share of patents granted to the inventors of a given country in the total number of patents granted to all foreign patentees. The ratio of PPR indices for two countries yields the Bilateral Patent Balance (BPB) indicator, which is characteristic of a mutual patent representation. Patent Dominancy (PD) index is the number of BPB indices higher than unity for a set of countries. PD indices can be related to GDP and growth of export values.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. J. Frame, Modelling national technological capacity with patent indicators,Scientometrics, 22 (1991) 327.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. D. L. Bosworth, The transfer of US technology abroad,Research Policy, 9 (1980) 4.

    Google Scholar 

  3. D. Schiffel, C. Kitti, Rates of invention, international patent comparisons,Research Policy, 7 (1971) 4.

    Google Scholar 

  4. J. Slama, Analysis by means of a gravitation model of international flows of patent applications in the period 1967–1978,World Patent Information, 3 (1981) 1.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. B. L. Basberg, Patents and the measurement of technological change: A survey of the literature,Research Policy, 16 (1987) 131.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. B. L. Basberg, Foreign patenting in the U. S. as a technology indicator,Research Policy, 12 (1983) 227.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. L. G. Soete, S. M. E. Wyatt, The use of foreign patenting as an internationally comparable science and technology output indicator,Scientometrics, 5 (1983) 31.

    Google Scholar 

  8. J. D. Frame, F. Narin, The United States, Japan and the changing technological balance,Research Policy, 19 (1990) 447.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. The World Bank, World Development Report 1990, Oxford University Press, 1990.

  10. L. L. Havlicek, R. D. Crain,Practical Statistics for the Physical Sciences, American Chemical Society, Washington, DC 1988.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Central Research Institute for Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Pusztaszeri út 59/67, 1025, Budapest, (Hungary)

    P. Vinkler

Authors
  1. P. Vinkler
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Vinkler, P. Percentage Patent Representation (PPR) Bilateral Patent Balance (BPB) and Patent Dominancy (PD) indicators characterizing international patenting relations. Scientometrics 27, 97–103 (1993). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02017758

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02017758

Keywords

Search

Navigation