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Parallel distributed processing and neuropsychology: A neural network model of Wisconsin card sorting and verbal fluency

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Abstract

Neural networks can be used as a tool in the explanation of neuropsychological data. Using the Hebbian Learning Rule and other such principles as competition and modifiable interlevel feedback, researchers have successfully modeled a widely used neuropsychological test, the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test. One of these models is reviewed here and extended to a qualitative analysis of how verbal fluency might be modeled, which demonstrates the importance of accounting for the attentional components of both tests. Difficulties remain in programming sequential cognitive processes within a parallel distributed processing (PDP) framework and integrating exceedingly complex neuropsychological tests such as Proverbs. PDP neural network methodology offers neuropsychologists co-validation procedures within narrowly defined areas of reliability and validity.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Geriatric Psychopharmacology, Laboratory of Clinical Science, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, Maryland

    Randolph W. Parks, Herbert Weingartner & Robert E. Becker

  2. Neuropsychology, Psychotherapeutic Medication Development Program, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, Maryland

    Randolph W. Parks, Irene E. Dalton & Robert E. Becker

  3. Division of Neuropsychology, Department of Psychiatry, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, P.O. Box 19230, 62794-9230, Springfield, Illinois

    Jane R. Matthews

  4. Department of Mathematics, University of Texas, Arlington, Texas

    Daniel S. Levine

  5. Psychology Department, Young Hall, University of California, Davis, California

    Debra L. Long

  6. Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada

    David J. Crockett

  7. National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland

    Paul Fedio

  8. Department of Psychiatry, Mercer University School of Medicine, Macon, Georgia

    Kerry L. Coburn

  9. Digital System Resources, Fairfax, Virginia

    Gil Siler

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Parks, R.W., Levine, D.S., Long, D.L. et al. Parallel distributed processing and neuropsychology: A neural network model of Wisconsin card sorting and verbal fluency. Neuropsychol Rev 3, 213–233 (1992). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01108843

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