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Male-specific volatiles from nearctic and Australasian true bugs (Heteroptera: Coreidae and Alydidae)

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Abstract

Aeration and exocrine gland extracts were analyzed for three Coreidae and two Alydidae. Males of all the species studied emit volatile blends that are probably pheromones, but sexual communication in these insects evolved differently. In the alydids,Riptortus serripes andMirperus scutellaris, the metathoracic scent glands are sexually dimorphic, and the dimorphisms are expressed chemically. Secretions from the male alydids contain high concentrations of esters or alcohols [e.g., (E)-2-hexenyl (Z)-3-hexenoate, (E)-2-hexenyl butyrate, and (E)-2-octenol], while females produce mainly acids and aldehydes [e.g., butyric and hexanoic acids, and (E)-2-hexenal]. In the coreids,Amblypelta lutescens lutescens, Amblypelta nitida, andLeptoglossus phyllopus, the metathoracic scent glands are not sexually dimorphic, but male- and species-specific volatiles are released, apparently from cells in the cuticular epidermis. The coreid male-specific volatiles are primarily monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes, including (−)-(3R)-(E)-nerolidol as the major component fromA. lutescens lutescens (an Australasian species) andL. phyllopus (a Nearctic species). Only (+)-(3S)-(E)-nerolidol is commonly found in plants so (E)-nerolidol from these coreids is environmentally unique because of its chirality.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Insect Chemical Ecology Laboratory, USDA-ARS, Bldg 007 Agricultural Research Center-West, 20705, Beltsville, Maryland

    Jeffrey R. Aldrich

  2. Queensland Department of Primary Industries, Maroochy Horticultural Research Station, 4560, Nambour, Queensland, Australia

    Geoff K. Waite

  3. Queensland Department of Primary Industries, Animal Research Institute, 4105, Yeerongpilly, Queensland, Australia

    Chris Moore

  4. Southeastern Fruit and Tree Nut Research Laboratory, USDA-ARS, 31008, Byron, Georgia

    Jerry A. Payne

  5. Insect Neurobiology and Hormone Laboratory, USDA-ARS, Bldg 467, 20705, Beltsville, Maryland

    William R. Lusby & Jan P. Kochansky

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  1. Jeffrey R. Aldrich
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  2. Geoff K. Waite
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  3. Chris Moore
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  4. Jerry A. Payne
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  5. William R. Lusby
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  6. Jan P. Kochansky
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Aldrich, J.R., Waite, G.K., Moore, C. et al. Male-specific volatiles from nearctic and Australasian true bugs (Heteroptera: Coreidae and Alydidae). J Chem Ecol 19, 2767–2781 (1993). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00980582

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