Abstract
Young volcanic rocks from different sections of the Aleutian Islands-Alaska Peninsula Arc have been measured for 87Sr/86Sr, 143Nd/144Nd and some trace elements. We found the 143Nd/144Nd to be highly restricted in range (ɛ Nd=6 to 7) and low as compared to midocean ridge ba-salts (MORB). This indicates that the source of the Aleutian Arc magmas is different from MORB and remarkably isotopically homogeneous with respect to Nd. The range reported here for arc rocks is substantially smaller than found by other workers. However, the Sr isotope ratios vary considerably (ɛ Sr=−24 to −14). Those samples from small volcanic centers north of the main arc (second arc) are characterized by low ɛ Sr. Our data in combination with previous studies suggest that there are slight geochemical differences between discrete sections of the arc. The general uniformity of Nd isotope ratios are thought to be the surface expression of an efficient mixing or homogenization process beneath the arc plate, but which still causes a wide dispersion in Sr isotopic composition.
To relate the arc rocks to the broader tectonic setting and to identify possible sources of arc magmas, measurements were done on volcanic and sedimentary rocks from the North Pacific/Bering Sea area. Alkali basalts from the back-arc islands St. George, Nunivak and St. Lawrence and alkali-rich tholeiites from the fore-arc have ɛ Nd=+4 to +9 and are correlated on the ɛ Sr-ɛ Nddiagram parallel to the mantle array but shifted to lower ɛ Sr. These samples are thought to be isotopically representative of the mantle transported to that region. A tholeiitic basalt from the Kamchatka Basin ocean floor (back-arc), however, yielded typical MORB values (ɛ Nd=10, ɛ Sr=−24). Composite sediment samples were made from DSDP cores in the Aleutian Abyssal Plain, Gulf of Alaska and the Alka Basin which represent mixtures of continentally and arc-derived materials. These composites have intermediate Nd isotopic (ɛ Nd= −2 and +2) and high Sr isotopic values (ɛ Sr=+9 and +37). These data show that possible source materials of the Aleutian Arc volcanics are isotopically different from and much more heterogeneous than the arc rocks themselves.
On the basis of this study and of literature data, we developed a set of alternative models for volcanic arc magma generation, based on the restricted range in ɛ Nd and the wider range in ɛ Sr for arc rocks. Different isotopic and trace element characteristics found in different arcs or arc sections are explained by varying mixing proportions or concentrations in source materials. The basic observations require rather strict mixing ratios to obtain constant ɛ Nd. The preferred model is one where the melting of subducted oceanic crust is controlled by the amount of trapped sediment with the melting restricted to the upper part of the altered basaltic layer. Homogenization within the upper part of the oceanic crust is brought about by hydrothermal circulation attending dewatering of the slab during subduction and possibly some oxygen exchange of the magmas on ascent.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Allegre CJ, Ben-Othmann D, Polve M, Richard P (1979) The NdSr isotopic correlation in mantle materials and geodynamic consequences. Phys Earth Planet Inter 19:293–306
Arculus RJ, DeLong SE, Kay RW, Brooks C, Sun S-S (1977) The alkalic rock suite of Bogoslof Island, eastern Aleutian Arc, Alaska. J Geol 85:117–186
Arculus RJ, Johnson RW (1980) Island-arc magma sources: a geochemical assessment of the roles of slab-derived components and crustal contamination. Geochim J 15:109–133
Barrett TJ, Friedrichsen H (1982) Strontium and oxygen isotopic composition of some basalts from Hole 504B, Costa Rica rift, DSDP legs 69 and 70. Earth Planet Sci Lett 60:27–82
Barth TFW (1956) Geology and petrology of the Pribilof Islands, Alaska. US Geol Surv Bull 1028-F:101–157
Ben-Othmann D, Polve M, Allegre CJ (1984) Nd-Sr isotopic composition of granulites and constraints on the evolution of the lower crust. Nature 307:510–515
Brophy JG (1984) The geology and petrology of the Cold Bay volcanic center, Alaska: Implications for island arc magmatism, unpub. PhD Thesis, Johns-Hopkins Univ
Brophy JG, Marsh BD (1985) On the origin of hi-alumina arc basalt and the mechanics of melt extraction. J Petrol (in press)
Brown L, Klein J, Middleton R, Sacks IS, Tera F (1982) 10Be in island-arc volcanoes and implications for subduction. Nature 299:718–720
Burk CA (1965) Geology of the Alaska Peninsula-island arc and continental margin (part 1). Geol Soc Am Mem 99:1–250
Byrne T (1979) Late Paleocene demise of the Kula-Pacific spreading center. Geology 7:341–344
Carlson RW, Macdougall JD, Lugmair GW (1978) Differential Sm/Nd evolution in oceanic basalts. Geophys Res Let 5:229–232
Carlson RW (1980) Crust-mantle differentiation on the earth and moon: evidence from isotopic studies for contrasting mechanisms and duration. PhD Thesis, Univ of Calif, San Diego
Carter SR, Evensen NM, Hamilton PJ, O'Nions RK (1978a) Continental volcanics derived from enriched and depleted source regions: Nd- and Sr-isotope evidence. Earth Planet Sci Lett 37:401–408
Carter SR, Evensen NM, Hamilton PJ, O'Nions RK (1978b) Neodymium and strontium isotope evidence for crustal contamination of continental volcanics. Science 202:743–747
Chen C-Y, Frey AA (1983) Origin of Hawaiian tholeiite and alcalic basalt. Nature 302:785–789
Church SE (1973) Limits of sediment involvement in the genesis of orogenic volcanic rocks. Contrib Mineral Petrol 39:17–32
Church SE (1976) The Cascade Mountains revisited: a re-evaluation in light of new lead isotopic data. Earth Planet Sci Lett 29:175–188
Claesson S, Pallister JS, Tatsumoto M (1984) Samarium-neodymium data on two Late Proterozoic ophiolites of Saudi Arabia and implications for crustal and mantle evolution. Contrib Mineral Petrol 85:244–252
Cohen RS, Evensen NM, Hamilton PJ, O'Nions RK (1980) U-Pb, Sm-Nd, and Rb-Sr systematics of mid-ocean ridge basalt glasses. Nature 283:149–153
Cohen RS, O'Nions RK (1982) Identification of recycled continental material in the mantle from Sr, Nd and Pb isotope investigations. Earth Planet Sci Lett 61:73–84
Cohen RS, O'Nions RK, Dawson JB (1984) Isotope geochemistry of xenoliths from East Africa: implications for development of mantle reservoirs and their interaction. Earth Planet Sci Lett 68:209–220
Cooper AK, Marlow MS, Scholl DW (1976a) Mesozoic lineations in the Bering Sea marginal basin. J Geophys Res 81:1916–1934
Cooper AK, Scholl DW, Marlow MS (1976b) Plate tectonic model for the evolution of the eastern Bering Sea Basin. Geol Soc Am Bull 87:1119–1126
Cormier VF (1975) Tectonics near the junction of the Aleutian and Kurile-Kamchatka arcs and a mechanism for middle Tertiary magmatism in the Kamchatka Basin. Geol Soc Am Bull 86:443–453
Creager JS, Scholl DW, Supko X (1973) Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project 19, Washington (US Government Printing Office)
Dasch EJ (1969) Strontium isotopes in weathering profiles, deepsea sediments, and sedimentary rocks. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 33:1521–1552
Dasch EJ, Dymond JR, Heath GR (1971) Isotopic analysis of metalliferous sediment from the East Pacific Rise. Earth Planet Sci Lett 13:175–180
Dasch EJ, Hedge CE, Dymond J (1973) Effect of sea water interaction on strontium isotope composition of deep-sea basalts. Earth Planet Sci Lett 19:177–183
Davidson J (1985) Mechanisms of contamination in arc magmas from isotope relationships. Earth Planet Sci Lett 72:163–174
Davies JN, House L (1979) Aleutian subduction zone seismicity, volcano-trench separation, and their relation to great thrust-type earthquakes. J Geophys Res 84:4583–4591
DeLong SE, Fox PJ, McDowell FW (1978) Subduction of the Kula Ridge at the Aleutian Trench. Geol Soc Am Bull 89:83–95
DePaolo DJ (1978) Study of magma sources, maptle structure and the differentiation of the earth from variations of 143Nd/144Nd in igneous rocks. PhD Thesis, Calif Inst of Techriol, Pasadena
DePaolo DJ (1981a) Trace element and isotopic effects of combined wallrock assimilation and fractional crystallization. Earth Planet Sci Lett 53:189–202
DePaolo DJ (1981b) A neodymium and strontium isotopic study of the Mesozoic calc-alkaline granitic batholiths of the Sierra Nevada and Peninsular ranges. Calif J Geophys Res 86:10470–10488
DePaolo DJ, Johnson RW (1979) Magma genesis in the New Britain island-arc: constraints from Nd and Sr isotopes and trace element patterns. Contrib Mineral Petrol 70:367–379
DePaolo DJ, Wasserburg GJ (1976a) Nd isotopic variations and petrogenetic models. Geophys Res Lett 3:249–252
DePaolo DJ, Wasserburg GJ (1976b) Inferences about magma sources and mantle structure from variations of 143Nd/144Nd. Geophys Res Lett 3:743–746
DePaolo DJ, Wasserburg GJ (1977) The sources of island arcs as indicated by Nd and Sr isotopic studies. Geophys Res Lett 4:465–468
DePaolo DJ, Wasserburg GJ (1979a) Petrogenetic mixing models and Nd-Sr isotopic patterns. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 43:615–627
DePaolo DJ, Wasserburg GJ (1979b) Sm-Nd age of the Stillwater complex and the mantle evolution curve for neodymium. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 43:999–1008
Dickinson WR (1974) Sedimentation within and beside ancient and modern magmatic arcs. In: Dott RH Jr, Shaver RH (eds) Modern and Ancient Geosynclinal Sedimentation. Soc Econ Paleontologists and Mineralogists Spec Pub 19:230–239
Dickinson WR (1975) Potash-depth (K-h) relations in continental margin and intraoceanic magmatic arcs. Geology 3:53–56
Elderfield H, Hawkesworth CJ, Greaves MJ, Calvert SE (1981) Rare earth element geochemistry of oceanic ferromanganese nodules and associated sediments. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 45:513–528
Engdahl ER (1973) Relocation of intermediate depth earthquakes in the Central Aleutians by seismic ray trading. Nature Phys Sci 245:23–25
Fedotov SA, Markhinin YeK (1983) The Great Tolbachik Fissure Eruption: Geological and geophysical data 1975–1976. (341 pp), Cambridge Univ
Flanagan FJ (1967) US Geological survey silicate rock standards. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 31:289–308
Flanagan FJ (1973) 1972 values for international geochemical reference samples. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 37:1189–1200
Goldstein SL, O'Nions RK (1981) Nd and Sr isotopic relationships in pelagic clays and ferromanganese deposits. Nature 292:324–327
Goldstein S, Langmuir C, Zindler A, Weaver S, Staudigel H, Kay R (1981) Systematics of radiogenic isotope variations in Aleutian lavas: implications for island arc petrogenesis. EOS 62:410
Green DH, Ringwood AE (1967) An experimental investigation of the gabbro to ecologite transformation arid its petrological applications. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 31:767–833
Gregory RT, Taylor HP (1981) An oxygen isotopic profile in a section of Cretaceous oceanic crust. J Geophys Res 86 B4:2737–2755
Grow JA (1973) Crustal and upper mantle structure of the central Aleutian Arc. Geol Soc Am Bull 84:2169–2192
Grow JA, Atwater T (1970) Mid-Tertiary tectonic transition in the Aleutian Arc. Geol Soc Am Bull 81:3715–3722
Hart WK, Carlson RW (1982) Chemical and isotopic characteristics of Late Cenozoic volcanism in the northwestern USA. Carnegie Inst Washington Yearb 81:501–505
Hart SR, Erlank AJ, Kable EJD (1974) Sea floor basalt alteration: some chemical and Sr isotopic effects. Contrib Mineral Petrol 44:219–230
Haskin LA, Frey FA, Schmitt RA, Smith RH (1966) Meteoritic, solar and terrestrial rare-earth distributions. Phys Chem Earth 7:167–321
Hawkesworth CJ, Powell M (1980) Magma genesis in the Lesser Antilles island arc. Earth Planet Sci Lett 51:297–308
Hawkesworth CJ, Vollmer R (1979) Crustal contamination versus enriched mantle: 143Nd/144Nd and 87Sr/86Sr evidence from the Italian volcanics. Contrib Mineral Petrol 69:151–165
Hawkesworth CJ, O'Nions RK, Pankhurst RJ, Hamilton PJ, Evensen NM (1977) A geochemical study of island-arc and back-arc tholeiites from the Scotia Sea. Earth Planet Sci Lett 36:253–262
Hawkesworth CJ, Norry MJ, Roddick JC, Vollmer R (1978) The significance of trace element modeling for the evolution of Sr and Nd isotopes in the mantle. USGS Open File Rep 78–701:162–164
Hawkesworth CJ, Norry MJ, Roddick JC, Baker PE, Thorpe RS (1979a) 143Nd/144Nd, 87Sr/86Sr, and incompatible element variations in calc-alkaline andesites and plateau lavas from South America. Earth Planet Sci Lett 42:45–57
Hawkesworth CJ, O'Nions RK, Arculus RJ (1979b) Nd and Sr isotope geochemistry of island arc volcanics, Grenada, Lesser Antilles. Earth Planet Sci Lett 45:237–248
Hawkesworth CJ, Hammill M, Gledhill AR, van Clasteren P, Rogers G (1982) Isotope and trace element evidence for latestage intracrustal melting in the High Andes. Earth Planet Sci Lett 58:240–254
Hawkins JW Jr (1979) Petrology of back-arc basins and island arcs: their possible role in the origin of ophiolites. In: Ophiolites, Proceedings International Ophiolite Symposium, Cyprus Geological Survey Department, pp 244–254
Hayes DE, Heirtzler JR (1968) Magnetic anomalies and their relation to the Aleutian Island Arc. J Geophys Res 73:4637–4646
Hedge CE, Peterman ZE (1970) The strontium isotopic composition of basalts from the Gordo and Juan de Fuca Rises, northeastern Pacific Ocean. Contrib Mineral Petrol 27:114–120
Heirtzler JR, Dickson GO, Herron EM, Pitman WCIII, Le Pichon X (1968) Marine magnetic anomalies, geomagnetic field reversals, and motions of the ocean floor and continents. J Geophys Res 73:2119–2136
Hoare JM, Condon WH, Cox A, Dalrymple GB (1968) Geology, paleomagnetism, and potassium-argon ages of basalts from Nunivak Island, Alaska. Geol Soc Am, Mem 116:377–413
Ishizaka K, Carlson RW (1983) Nd-Sr systematics of the Setouchi volcanic rocks, southwest Japan: a clue to the origin of orogenic andesite. Earth Planet Sci Lett 64:327–340
Ito E, White WM, von Drach V, Hofmann AW, James DE (1981) Isotopic studies of ocean ridge basalts. Carnegie Inst Washington Yearb 80:465–471
Jacob KH, Hamada K (1972) The upper mantle beneath the Aleutian Island Arc from pure-path Rayleigh-wave dispersion data. Bull Seismol Soc Am 62:1439–1453
Jacob KH, Nakamura K, Davies JN (1977) Trench-volcano gap along the Alaska-Aleutian arc: facts and speculations on the role of terrigenous sediments for subduction. In: Talwani M, Pitman WCIII (eds) Island Arcs, Deep Sea Trenches and Backarc Basins. Am Geophys Union, Washington DC, pp 243–258
Jacobsen SB, Wasserburg GJ (1979) Nd and Sr isotopic study of the Bay of Islands ophiolite complex and the evolution of Th source of midocean ridge basalts. J Geophys Res 84:7429–7445
Jagoutz E, Carlson RW, Lugmair GW (1980) Equilibrated Nd- unequilibrated Sr isotopes in mantle xenoliths. Nature 286:708–710
Jahn B-M, Bernard-Griffiths J, Chariot R, Cornicket J, Vidal F (1980) Nd and Sr isotopic compositions and REE abundances of Cretaceous MORB (Holes 417D and 418A, Legs 51, 52 and 53). Earth Planet Sci Lett 48:171–184
James DE (1981) Combined use of oxygen and radiogenic isotopes as indicators of crustal contamination. Ann Rev Earth Planet Sci 9:311–344
James DE (1982) A combined O, Sr, Nd, and Pb isotopic and trace element study of crustal contamination in central Andean lavas, I. Local geochemical variations. Earth Planet Sci Lett 57:47–62
Jones DL, Silberling NJ (1979) Mesozoic stratigraphy — the key to tectonic analysis of southern and central Alaska. USGS Open File Rep. 79–1200:1–40
Karig DE (1970) Ridges and basins of the Tonga-Kermadec island arc system. J Geophys Res 75:239–245
Kay RW (1977) Geochemical constraints on the origin of Aleutian magmas. In: Talwani M, Pitman WCIII, (eds) Island arcs, Deep Sea Trenches and Back-arc Basins. Am Geophys Union Washington DC, pp 229–242
Kay RW (1978) Aleutian magnesian andesites: melts from subducted Pacific Ocean crust. J Volcanol Geotherm Res 4:117–132
Kay RW (1980) Volcanic arc magmas: Implications of a meltingmixing model for element recycling in the crust-upper mantle system. J Geol 88:497–522
Kay RW, Hubbard NJ (1978) Trace elements in ocean ridge basalts. Earth Planet Sci Lett 38:95–116
Kay RW, Senechal RG (1976) The rare earth geochemistry of the Troodos ophiolite complex. J Geophys Res 81:964–970
Kay RW, Hubbard NJ, Gast PW (1970) Chemical characteristics and origin of oceanic ridge volcanic rocks. J Geophys Res 75:1585–1613
Kay RW, Sun S-S, Lee-Hu C-N (1978) Pb and Sr isotopes in volcanic rocks from the Aleutian Islands and Pribilof Islands, Alaska. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 42:263–273
Kay SM, Kay RW, Citron GP (1982) Tectonic controls on tholeiitic and calc-alkaline magmatism in the Aleutian arc. J Geophys Res 87:4051–4072
Kay SM, Kaw RW, Brueckner HK, Rubenstone JL (1983) Tholeiitic Aleutian Arc plutonism: the Finger Bay Pluton, Adak, Alaska. Contrib Mineral Petrol 82:99–116
Kistler RW, Obradovich JD, Jackson ED (1969) Isotopic ages of rocks and minerals from the Stillwater Complex, Montana. J Geophys Res 74:3226–3237
Kramers DJ, Smith CB, Lock NP, Harmon RS, Boyd FR (1981) Can kimberlites be generated from an ordinary mantle? Nature 291:53–56
Kulm LD, von Huene R (1973) Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project 18, Washington (US Government Printing Office)
Machado N, Ludden JN, Brooks C, Thompson G (1982) Fine-scale isotopic heterogeneity in the sub-Atlantic mantle. Nature 295:226–228
MacLeod NS, Pratt RM (1973) Petrology of volcanic rocks recovered on Leg 18. In: Kulm LD, von Huene R et al, (eds) Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project 18:935–945
Magaritz M, White DJ, James DE (1978) Oxygen isotopes and the origin of high 87Sr/86Sr andesites. Earth Planet Sci Lett 40:220–230
Marlow MS, Cooper AK (1983) Wandering terranes in southern Alaska: the Aleutian microplate and implications for the Bering Sea. J Geophys Res 88:3439–3446
Marlow MS, Scholl DW, Buffington EC, Alpha TR (1973) Tectonic history of the central Aleutian Arc. Geol Soc Am Bull 84:1555–1574
Marsh BD (1976) Some Aleutian andesites: their nature and source. J Geol 84:27–45
Marsh BD (1979a) Island arc development: some observations, experiments, and speculations. J Geol 87:687–713
Marsh BD (1979b) Island-arc volcanism. Am Scientist 67:161–172
Marsh BD (1980) Geology and petrology of northern Alaska, Aleutian Islands, Alaska, (abs) Geol Soc Am Program 12:476
Marsh BD (1982) The Aleutians. In: Thorpe RS (ed) Andesites. J Wiley & Sons, New York, pp 99–114
Marsh BD, Carmichael ISE (1974) Benioff zone magmatism. J Geophys Res 79:1196–1206
Marsh BD, Leitz RE (1979) Geology of Amak Islands, Aleutian Islands, Alaska. J Geol 87:715–723
Mason BH (1966) Principles of Geochemistry. 3rd, Wiley & Sons, New York
McCulloch MT, Perfit MR (1981) 143Nd/144Nd, 87Sr/86Sr and trace element constraints on the petrogenesis of Aleutian Island arc magmas. Earth Planet Sci Lett 56:167–179
McCulloch MT, Wasserburg GJ (1978) Sm-Nd and Rb-Sr chronology of continental crust formation. Science 200:1003–1011
McCulloch MT, Gregory RT, Wasserburg GJ, Taylor HPJr (1980) A neodymium, strontium and oxygen isotopic study of the Cretaceous Samail ophiolite and implications for the petrogenesis and seawater-hydrothermal alteration of oceanic crust. Earth Planet Sci Lett 46:201–211
McCulloch MT, Gregory RT, Wasserburg GJ, Taylor HPJr (1981) Sm-Nd, Rb-Sr, and 18O/16O isotopic systematics in an oceanic crust section: evidence from the Samail ophiolite. J Geophys Res 86:2721–2735
McKenzie DP (1969) Speculations on the consequences and causes of plate motions. Geophys J R Astr Soc 18:1–32
McLean H (1979a) Tertiary stratigraphy and petroleum potential of Cold Bay — False Pass area, Alaska Peninsula. Am Assoc Petroleum Geologists Bull 63:1522–1526
McLean (1979b) Observations on the geology and petroleum potential of the Cold-Bay — False Pass area, Alaska Peninsula. USGS Open File Rep 79–1605:34
McLennan SM, Taylor SR (1981) Role of subducted sediments in island-arc magmatism: constraints from REE patterns. Earth Planet Sci Lett 54:423–430
Meijer A (1976) Pb and Sr isotopic data bearing on the origin of volcanic rocks from the Mariana island-arc system. Geol Soc Am Bull 87:1358–1369
Menzies M, Murthy VR (1980a) Nd and Sr isotope geochemistry of hydrous mantle nodules and their host alkali basalts: implications for local heterogeneities in metasomatically veined mantle. Earth Planet Sci Lett 46:323–334
Menzies M, Murthy VR (1980b) Enriched mantle: Nd and Sr isotopes in diopsides from Kimberlite nodules. Nature 283:634–636
Morris JD, Hart SR (1983) Isotopic and incompatible element constraints on the genesis of island arc volcanics from Cold Bay and Amak Island, Aleutians, and implications for mantle structure. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 47:2015–2030
Myers JD, Marsh BD, Sinha AK (1985) Strontium isotope and selected trace element variations between two Aleutian volcanic centers (Adak and Atka): implications for the development of arc volcanic plumbing systems. Contrib Mineral Petrol 91:221–234
Nohda S, Wasserburg GJ (1981) Nd and Sr isotopic study of volcanic rocks from Japan. Earth Planet Sci Lett 52:264–276
O'Nions RK, Hamilton PJ, Evensen NM (1977) Variations in 143Nd/144Nd and 87Sr/86Sr ratios in oceanic basalts. Earth Planet Sci Lett 34:13–22
O'Nions RK, Carter SR, Cohen SR, Evensen NM, Hamilton PJ (1978) Pb, Nd and Sr isotopes in oceanic ferromanganese deposits and ocean floor basalts. Nature 273:435–438
Panuska BC, Stone DB (1981) Late Paleozoic paleomagnetic data for Wrangellia: resolution of the polarity ambiguity. Nature 293:561–563
Papanastassiou DA, DePaolo DJ, Wasserburg GJ (1977) Rb-Sr and Sm-Nd chronology and genealogy of mare basalts from the Sea of Tranquility. Proc Lunar Sci Conf 8th, pp 1639–1672
Papanastassiou DA, Wasserburg GJ (1978) Strontium isotopic anomalies in the Allende meteorite. Geophys Res Lett 5:595–598
Patton WW Jr, Csejtey B Jr (1980) Geologic map of St. Lawrence Island, Alaska. US Geological Survey, MAPI-1203
Perfit MR, Lawrence JR (1979) Oxygen isotopic evidence for meteoritic water interaction with the Captains Bay Pluton, Aleutian Islands. Earth Planet Sci Lett 45:16–22
Perfit MR, Brueckner H, Lawrence JR, Kay RW (1980) Trace element and isotopic variations in a zoned pluton and associated volcanic rocks, Unalaska Island, Alaska: a model for fractionation in the Aleutian calc-alkaline suite. Contrib Mineral Petrol 73:69–87
Piepgras DP, Wasserburg GJ (1980) Neodymium isotopic variations in sea water. Earth Planet Sci Lett 50:128–138
Piepgras DP, Wasserburg GJ, Dasch EJ (1979) The isotopic composition of Nd in different ocean masses. Earth Planet Sci Lett 45:223–236
Piper DZ (1974) Rare earth elements in ferromanganese nodules and other marine phases. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 38:1007–1022
Pitman WCIII, Hayes DE (1978) Sea-floor spreading in the Gulf of Alaska. J Geophys Res 73:6571–6580
Reid M, Nye C (1981) Geochemistry of least fractionated basalts from Okmok volcano, central Aleutians (abs). EOS 62:1092
Richard P, Allegre CJ (1980) Neodymium and strontium isotope study of ophiolite and orogenic lherzolite petrogenesis. Earth Planet Sci Lett 47:65–74
Richard P, Shimizu N, Allegre CJ (1976) 143Nd/146Nd, a natural tracer: An application to oceanic basalts. Earth Planet Sci Lett 31:269–278
Scholl DW, Creager JS (1973) Geologic synthesis of Leg 19 (DSDP) results: Far North Pacific, and Aleutian Ridge, and Bering Sea. In: Creager JS, Scholl DW et al. (eds) Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project 19:897–913
Scholl DW, Creager JS, Natland JH (1973) Site, 183. In: Creager JS, Scholl DW et al. (eds) Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project 19:19–91
Scholl DW, Buffington EC, Marlow MS (1975) Plate tectonics and the structural evolution of the Aleutian-Bering Sea region. Geol Soc Am Spec Pap 151:1–31
Scholl DW, Marlow MS, MacLeod NS, Buffington EC (1976) Episodic Aleutian Ridge igneous activity: implications of Miocene and younger submarine volcanism west of Buldir Island. Geol Soc Am Bull 87:547–554
Scholl DW, Hein JR, Marlow M, Buffington EC (1977) Meiji sediment tongue: North Pacific evidence for limited movement between the Pacific and North American plates. Geol Soc Am Bull 88:1567–1576
Shimokawa T, Masuda A, Izawa K (1972) Rare-earth elements in the top samples of the cores from the Pacific Ocean floor. Geochim J 6:75–81
Stauder WSJ, Bollinger GA (1964) The S wave project for focal mechanism studies earthquakes of 1962. Bull Seismol Soc Am 54:2199–2208
Staudigel H, Hart SR, Richardson SH (1981) Alteration of the oceanic crust: processes and timing. Earth Planet Sci Lett 52:311–327
Stern RJ (1981) A common mantle source for western Pacific island arc and “hot-spot” magmas—implications for layering in the upper mantle. Carnegie Inst Washington Yearb 80:455–462
Stern RJ, Bibee LD (1984) Esmeralda Bank: geochemistry of an active submarine volcano in the Mariana Island Arc. Contrib Mineral Petrol 86:159–169
Stewart RJ, Natland JH, Glassley WR (1973) Petrology of volcanic rocks recovered on DSDP Leg 19 from the north Pacific Ocean and the Bering Sea. In: Creager JS, Scholl DW et al. (eds) Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project 19:615–627
Stille P, Unruh DM, Tatsumoto M (1983) Pb, Sr, Nd and Hf isotopic evidence of multiple sources for Oahu, Hawaii basalts. Nature 304:25–29
Stosch HG, Carlson RW, Lugmair GW (1980) Episodic mantle differentiation: Nd and Sr isotopic evidence. Earth Planet Sci Lett 47:263–271
Sun S-S (1980) Lead isotopic study of young volcanic rocks from mid-ocean ridges, ocean islands and island arcs. Phil Trans R Soc London A297:409–445
Taylor HP (1980) The effects of assimilation of country rock by magmas on 18O/16O and 87Sr/86Sr in igneous rocks. Earth Planet Sci Lett 47:242–254
Verma SP (1983a) Magma genesis and chamber processes at Los Humeros caldera, Mexico — Nd and Sr isotope data. Nature 302:52–55
Verma SP (1983b) Strontium and neodymium isotope geochemistry of igneous rocks from the northeast Pacific and Gulf of California. Isotope Geosc 1:339–356
Volynets ON, Flerov GB, Andreyev VN, Popolitov EI, Abramov VA, Petrov SA, Shcheka SA, Selivanova GI (1983) Geochemical features of the rocks of the Great Tolbachik Fissure Eruption 1975–1976 in relation to petrogenesis. In: Fedotov SA, Markhinin YeK (eds) The Great Tolbachik Fissure Eruption, Cambridge Univ, pp 116–140
Wasserburg GJ, Jacobsen SB, DePaolo DJ, McCulloch MT, Wen T (1981) Precise determination of Sm/Nd ratios, Sm and Nd isotopic abundances in standard solutions. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 45:2311–2323
Weaver BL, Tarney J (1980) Continental crust composition and nature of the lower crust: constraints from mantle Nd-Sr isotope correlation. Nature 286:342–346
White WM (1979) Geochemistry of basalts from the FAMOUS area: a re-examination. Carnegie Inst Washington Yearb 78:325–331
White WM, Hofmann AW (1982) Sr and Nd isotope geochemistry of oceanic basalts and mantle evolution. Nature 296:821–825
White WM, Patchett J (1984) Hf-Nd-Sr isotopes and incompatible element abundances in island arcs: implications for magma origins and crust-mantle evolution. Earth Planet Sci Lett 67:167–185
Whitford DJ, White WM, Jezek PA (1981) Neodymium isotopic composition of Quaternary island arc lavas from Indonesia. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 45:989–995
Zindler A, Jagoutz E, Goldstein S (1982) Nd, Sr and Pb isotopic systematics in a three-component mantle: a new perspective. Nature 298:519–523
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
Division Contribution Number 3849 (411)
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
von Drach, V., Marsh, B.D. & Wasserburg, G.J. Nd and Sr isotopes in the Aleutians: multicomponent parenthood of island-arc magmas. Contrib Mineral Petrol 92, 13–34 (1986). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00373960
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00373960