Summary
In both mammals and birds there is a striola with a majority of type I cells, while the type It cells are gathered in the periphery. In birds, the striola of macula utriculi and lagenae shows a division into three regions. The morphological polarization has the same pattern in mammals and birds. It is directed centripetally towards the striola in macula utriculi and centrifugally from the striola in macula sacculi. The macula lagenae, which is lacking in mammals, has a centrifugal morphological polarization similar to the macula sacculi. In mammals, the statoconium membrane completely covers the macula. In birds, on the other hand, the crystal containing part of the statoconium membrane only covers part of the macula, leaving a peripheral zone free with only a gelatinous covering. The border between these two parts of the statoconium membrane coincides roughly with the line on the sensory epithelium below where the morphological polarization shifts.
Zusammenfassung
Bei Säugern und bei Vögeln gibt es eine „Striola” (nach Werner), worin die „Typ-I-Zellen” überwiegen, während die „Typ-II-Zellen” in der Peripherie gehäuft vorkommen. Bei Vögeln zeigt diese Striola der Macula utriculi und der Lagena eine Aufteilung in 3 Bezirke. Säuger und Vögel haben das gleiche Muster der morphologischen Polarisation. Sie ist zentripetal gegen die Striola in der Macula utriculi und zentrifugal von der Striola in der Macula sacculi. Bei Säugern bedeckt die Statoconium-Membran völlig die Macula. Bei Vögeln bedeckt der kristallhaltige Teil der Membran nur einen Teil der Macula und läßt eine periphere Zone, die nur mit einem gelatinösen Überzug bedeckt ist, frei. Die Grenze zwischen diesen zwei Teilen der Statoconium-Membran deckt sich ungefähr mit der Linie auf den Sinneszellen, unterhalb welcher sich die morphologische Polarisation verschiebt.
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Rosenhall, U. Some morphological principles of the vestibular maculae in birds. Arch. Klin. Exp. Ohr.-, Nas.- U. Kehlk. Heilk. 197, 154–182 (1970). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00306164
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00306164