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Paralysis of the arm after posterior decompression of the cervical spinal cord

II. Analyses of clinical findings

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Résumé

Une paralysie brachiale de topographie radiculaire, survenant après une décompression postérieure de la moelle spinale, impliquait de manière isolée ou associée les racines C5, C6, C7 et C8. Les formes les plus fréquentes de ces paralysies comportaient l'atteinte des racines C5 et C6 réalisant un tableau neurologique à prédominance motrice. La fréquence globale de cette complication a été de 11% dans notre série (20 cas de paralysie postopératoire sur 188 cas opérés), mais cette fréquence a été variable selon la méthode de décompression postérieure utilisée. La plus grande fréquence des paralysies postopératoires a été notée dans le groupe de patients où des techniques chirurgicales choisies semblaient faciliter davantage la transmission des forces de traction durale à la portion extradurale des racines. Les analyses radiographiques ont montré que les racines C5 qui remplissent les deux conditions suivantes ont davantage tendance à présenter une paralysie postopératoire: 1° par leur localisation au niveau de l'expansion maximale du sac dural et 2° par leur situation dans le foramen qui présente le plus haut degré de protrusion antérieure du processus articulaire supérieur. Dans la majorité des cas présentant une paralysie motrice prédominant en C5, les distances postopératoires entre la moelle et les culs-de-sac radiculaires des racines antérieures C5 étaient inchangées et même diminuées en comparaison des distances préopératoires, mais les portions extradurales des racines C5 étaient allongées dans tous les cas. Ces découvertes renforcent la validité des mécanismes des paralysies postopératoires déduits des recherches anatomiques de la lère partie de ce travail.

Summary

Paralysis of the arm with radicular distribution occurring after posterior decompression of the cervical spinal cord included C5, C6, C7 and C8 roots, in isolation or combined. The most frequent patterns of paralysis were C5 and C6 root involvements of the motor-dominant type. The overall frequency of occurrence in our series was 11% (20 cases of postoperative paralysis in 188 surgical cases), but the frequency varied with the posterior decompression method. The higher frequency of postoperative paralysis was noted in the group in which the surgical procedures selected were considered as enabling the expanded dura to exert its traction power more easily on the extradural portion of the roots. Radiographical analyses showed that C5 roots which satisfied the following two conditions were more prone to sustain postoperative paralysis: first, location at the level of the highly expanded dural tube and, second, lying in the foramina with a higher degree of anterior protrusion of the superior process. In the majority of cases with C5 motor-dominant paralysis, the postoperative cord-root pouch distances of the C5 anterior roots were unchanged or even decreased compared with the preoperative ones, but the extradural portions of the C5 roots were elongated in all cases. These findings support the validity of mechanisms of postoperative paralysis which were deduced from the anatomical investigations.

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Tsuzuki, N., Abe, R., Saiki, K. et al. Paralysis of the arm after posterior decompression of the cervical spinal cord. Eur Spine J 2, 197–202 (1993). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00299446

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