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Abductor hallucis release in congenital metatarsus varus

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Summary

Adduction of the forefoot diagnosed in the young child generally corrects spontaneously. Resistant forefoot adduction is usually combined with a degree of supination of the forefoot and described as congenital metatarsus varus.

In true congenital metatarsus varus there is a contraction or shortening of the abductor hallucis muscle and tendon which is considered to be the primary deforming factor.

In the early severe or resistant deformity correction can be achieved by either division of the tendon with release of its capsular attachment, or, in the more severe deformity, by complete release of the abductor hallucis muscle from its extensive attachment to bone and soft tissues.

Résumé

L'adduction de l'avant-pied découverte chez l'enfant jeune se corrige spontanément en règle générale. Dans le cas contraire, elle s'associe habituellement à un certain degré de supination de l'avant-pied et elle est alors décrite comme metatarsus varus congénital.

Dans le véritable metatarsus varus congénital il existe une rétraction ou une brièveté du tendon et du muscle abducteur du 1er orteil que l'on considère comme le facteur déterminant de la déformation.

Dans les cas de déformation d'emblée sévère ou persistante, la correction peut être obtenue soit par section du tendon et de son insertion sur la capsule, soit, dans les cas les plus graves, par désinsertion complète du muscle abducteur du 1er orteil, tant au niveau de l'os que des parties molles.

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Mitchell, G.P. Abductor hallucis release in congenital metatarsus varus. International Orthopaedics 3, 299–304 (1980). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00266025

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