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Popliteal cysts and associated disorders of the knee

Critical review with MR imaging

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Summary

We have studied retrospectively the epidemiological features of popliteal cysts in adults and the incidence of associated intra-articular disorders in a series of 1001 patients undergoing magnetic resonance imaging who had been randomly referred to our institution. Images of popliteal cysts were seen in 4.7% of this group which is lower than in other studies with different imaging techniques. A communication with the joint was invariably found. The cysts were associated with one, or more, disorders detected by MRI in 94%. The commonest lesions were meniscal (83%), frequently involving the posterior horn of the medial meniscus, chondral (43%), and anterior cruciate ligament tears. Our data suggest that intra-articular disorders may play an important role in the pathogenesis of popliteal cysts in adults.

Résumé

Nous avons examiné les caractéristiques épidémiologiques du kyste poplité chez l'adulte et la fréquence des pathologies intra-articulaires du genou associées à celui-ci dans une population de 1001 patients qui se sont adressés à notre hôpital pour exécuter une resonance magnétique nucléaire du genou. Les images qui montraient la présence d'un kyste poplité ont été réexaminées par 2 d'entre nous pour déterminer la présence d'autres pathologies intra-articulaires du genou. L'incidence du kyste poplité dans la population étudiée (4.7%) était moindre par rapport à ce qui a été décrit dans des études précédentes, où le diagnostique était posé par des techniques différentes. Nous avons toujour observé la présence d'une communication entre le kyste et la cavité articulaire. Nous avons constaté que le kyste poplité est associé à une autre pathologie intra-articulaire, mise en évidence par la resonance magnétique nucléaire, dans 94% des cas. Les pathologies plus fréquement associées sont: lésions méniscales (83%), intéressant généralement la corne postérieure du ménisque interne, lésions chondrales (43%), et rupture du ligament croisé antérieur (32%). Bien que la relation entre kyste et pathologie intra-articulaire du genou mérite d' être approfondi, nos données suggèrent, que la pathologie intra-articulaire puisse jouer un rôle fondamental dans la pathogenèse du kyste poplité de l'adulte.

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Sansone, V., De Ponti, A., Paluello, G.M. et al. Popliteal cysts and associated disorders of the knee. International Orthopaedics 19, 275–279 (1995). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00181107

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