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Developing ECEC Services in Regionalised Administrations: Scotland’s Post-devolution Experience

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Abstract

Devolution within the United Kingdom (UK) forms part of increased regionalisation in the European Union (EU). The post-devolution history of early childhood education and care (ECEC) in Scotland illustrates problems arising from split responsibilities and nation-state policies that fail to take adequate account of devolved administrations. UK-led programmes and demand subsidies separated childcare policies from Scotland-led education services making it more difficult to build on Scottish models and experience. As a result, ECEC development has been less radical than some other Scottish policy areas, and less extensive than in England. The current Scottish government sees its vision of a Nordic-style universal ECEC system as only achievable through independence. It is suggested here that Scottish ECEC developments might have benefited from Scotland having more funding and policy levers, or from UK policies making greater allowances for divergent approaches to welfare policy. The article raises the possibility that a strong, common EU framework could assist in developing coherence across regionalised administrations.

Résumé

La décentralisation au Royaume-Uni (UK) s’inscrit dans une régionalisation accrue de l’Union Européenne (UE). L’histoire post-décentralisation de l’éducation et de l’accueil de la petite enfance (EAPE) en Écosse illustre les problèmes découlant de la division des responsabilités et des politiques des États-nations qui ne tiennent pas suffisamment compte des administrations décentralisées. Les programmes et les demandes de subventions dirigés par le Royaume-Uni ont séparé les politiques d’accueil des jeunes enfants des services d’éducation dirigés par l’Écosse, rendant ainsi plus difficile de s’appuyer sur les modèles et l’expérience écossaise. En conséquence, le développement en EAPE a été moins radical que dans certains autres domaines des politiques écossaises, et moins étendu qu’en Angleterre. Le gouvernement écossais actuel considère que sa vision d’un système d’EAPE universel de style nordique n’est réalisable que par l’indépendance. Il est suggéré ici qu’il aurait pu être bénéfique pour l’évolution de l’EAJE écossais si l’Ecosse avait eu plus de leviers de financement et de politiques, ou si les politiques du Royaume-Uni avaient offert plus de financement pour des modèles alternatifs aux politiques de bien-être. L’article soulève l’idée qu’un solide cadre commun de l’UE pourrait aider à développer une cohérence à travers les administrations régionalisées.

Resumen

La descentralización en el Reino Unido (UK) es parte de una mayor regionalización de la Unión Europea (UE). La historia posterior a la descentralización de la educación desde la primera infancia (AEPI) en Escocia ilustra los problemas que surgen de la división de responsabilidades y las políticas de los Estados-naciones, que no toman suficientemente en cuenta las administraciones descentralizadas. Programas guiados y subsidios demandantes en el Reino Unido separaron las políticas de cuidados del niño/niña de las de los servicios educacionales principales en el país, haciendo más difícil construir modelos y experiencias en el Reino Unido. Como resultado de lo anterior, el desarrollo de los servicios AEPI ha sido menos radical que el de otras áreas políticas escocesas, y menos extensivo que en Inglaterra. Los gobiernos escoceses actuales plantean una visión desde un sistema universal de AEPI con un estilo nórdico que sería sólo alcanzable a través de la independencia. Se sugiere aquí que los desarrollos del sistema AEPI en Escocia podrían haber sido beneficiados si Escocia tuviera más fondos destinado y políticas, o desde las políticas del Reino Unido, generando mayores acercamientos a las políticas de bienestar. Este artículo levanta la posibilidad de un marco fuerte y común a la UE pudiera asistir en el desarrollo de una coherencia a lo largo de las administraciones regionales.

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Correspondence to Bronwen Cohen.

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Cohen, B. Developing ECEC Services in Regionalised Administrations: Scotland’s Post-devolution Experience. IJEC 45, 207–220 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13158-013-0089-y

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