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Microwave-Assisted Extraction (MAE) of Dalmatian Sage Leaves for the Optimal Yield of Polyphenols: HPLC-DAD Identification and Quantification

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Abstract

Dalmatian sage (Salvia officinalis L.) is a Croatian medicinal herb with important biological and pharmacological properties due to diverse polyphenolic composition. Therefore, this study aimed at evaluating the effects of three solvents (30 % ethanol/water, v/v; 30 % acetone/water, v/v; water), time (3, 5, 7, 9, and 10 min), temperature (30, 50, 60, and 80 °C), and acidity (addition of 10 % HCl) with advanced extraction techniques such as microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) on phenolic compounds in Dalmatian sage extracts. Total polyphenols were better extracted with 30 % aqueous media with acetone (v/v), without HCl at 80 °C for 10 min. Considering individual phenolic compounds, in all extracts, rosmarinic acid was predominant and better extracted with 30 % ethanol/added HCl at 80 °C. The optimal polyphenol extraction conditions were methyl rosmarinate (30 % ethanol/added HCl/32 °C), syringic acid (30 % ethanol/without HCl/80 °C), salvianolic acid (any solvent/without HCl/80 °C), caffeic acid (water/added HCl/78 °C), and vanillic acid (30 % ethanol/added HCl/80 °C).

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by grants from the Croatian Science Foundation: “Application of innovative technologies for production of plant extracts as ingredients for functional food (HRZZ 3035).”

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia

    Predrag Putnik, Danijela Bursać Kovačević, Marija Penić, Maja Fegeš & Verica Dragović-Uzelac

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  1. Predrag Putnik
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  2. Danijela Bursać Kovačević
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  3. Marija Penić
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  5. Verica Dragović-Uzelac
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Correspondence to Danijela Bursać Kovačević.

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Funding

Croatian Science Foundation: “Application of innovative technologies for production of plant extracts as ingredients for functional food (HRZZ 3035).”

Conflict of Interest

Predrag Putnik declares that he has no conflict of interest.

Danijela Bursać Kovačević declares that she has no conflict of interest.

Marija Penić declares that she has no conflict of interest.

Maja Fegeš declares that she has no conflict of interest.

Verica Dragović-Uzelac declares that she has no conflict of interest.

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Putnik, P., Kovačević, D.B., Penić, M. et al. Microwave-Assisted Extraction (MAE) of Dalmatian Sage Leaves for the Optimal Yield of Polyphenols: HPLC-DAD Identification and Quantification. Food Anal. Methods 9, 2385–2394 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12161-016-0428-3

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