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Acetone–Butanol–Ethanol Production by Clostridium acetobutylicum ATCC 824 Using Sago Pith Residues Hydrolysate

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Abstract

Sago pith residues (58 % starch, 23 % cellulose, 9.2 % hemicellulose, and 4 % lignin) are one of the abundant lignocellulosic residues generated after starch extraction process in sago mill. In this study, fermentable sugars from enzymatic hydrolysis of sago pith residues were converted to acetone–butanol–ethanol (ABE) by Clostridium acetobutylicum ATCC 824. With an initial concentration of 30 g/L of concentrated sago pith residues hydrolysate containing 23 g/L of glucose and 4.58 g/L of cellobiose, 4.22 ± 0.17 g/L of ABE were produced after 72 h of fermentation with yield and productivity of 0.20 g/g glucose and 0.06 g/L/h, respectively. Results are in agreement when synthetic glucose was used as a carbon source. Increasing sago pith residue hydrolysate to 50 g/L (containing 40 g/L glucose) and supplementing with 0.5 g/L yeast extract, approximately 8.84 ± 0.20 g/L of ABE (5.41 ± 0.10 g/L of butanol) were produced with productivity and yield of 0.12 g/L/h and 0.30 g/g glucose respectively, providing a 52 % improvement.

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Abbreviations

ABE:

Acetone–butanol–ethanol

DNS:

Dinitrosalicylic acid

FID:

Flame ionization detector

HMF:

Hydroxymethyl furfural

HPLC:

High-performance liquid chromatography

OPEFB:

Oil palm empty fruit bunch

RCM:

Reinforced Clostridial Medium

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank Universiti Putra Malaysia for financial support throughout this research project.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Bioprocess Technology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia

    Siren Linggang, Lai Yee Phang, Helmi Wasoh & Suraini Abd-Aziz

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  1. Siren Linggang
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  2. Lai Yee Phang
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  3. Helmi Wasoh
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  4. Suraini Abd-Aziz
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Correspondence to Suraini Abd-Aziz.

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Linggang, S., Phang, L.Y., Wasoh, H. et al. Acetone–Butanol–Ethanol Production by Clostridium acetobutylicum ATCC 824 Using Sago Pith Residues Hydrolysate. Bioenerg. Res. 6, 321–328 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12155-012-9260-9

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