Abstract
Complex and interrelated trends in population and labour market dynamics in peripheral regions of developed countries have compelled them to use international skilled migration to address their skill shortages and facilitate economic development. Using the Northern Territory (NT) of Australia as a case study, this paper examines if and how these regions can benefit from a national policy for skilled migration, including the regional migration policy, which Australia has been operating since 1996–1997. The paper situates the regional migration policy in a context of the global competition for skills, explains how it came about and outlines the key characteristics of the NT as a peripheral region. An innovative approach to immigration data analysis permits formulating four propositions about the nature of international migration to peripheral regions. The analysis consists of tracking over a period of 17 years, the dynamics between all components of Australia’s and the Northern Territory’s permanent additions and comparing changes in the composition of their respective skilled migration streams. The paper proposes that peripheral regions benefit from skilled migration with a lagged effect as compared to Australia as a whole. It suggests that in order to better address skill shortages, they should also develop the capacity of the locally resident immigrant groups.
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Notes
This term is explained at the beginning of section “Data analysis”.
The Australian Bureau of Statistics uses the Remoteness Structure, developed by the Commonwealth Department of Health and Aged Care and the National Key Centre For Social Applications of GIS (GISCA), to group areas sharing characteristics of remoteness into six broad types of regions (Remoteness Areas). The remoteness of a point is calculated by measuring its distance by road to the nearest urban centre. See ABS 2003a; 2008 for more details.
The larger study involved empirical data collection and therefore required an ethical clearance, which was duly obtained (H08084/2008). The unpublished immigration statistics analysed in this paper were provided in an un-identified format; therefore, there are no privacy issues.
An assumption is made that a typical immigrant family unit is represented by the 2 + 1 model. Two represents the principal visa holder and the partner. One represents the child. When the total number of skilled migrants (10,269) is divided by 3, the number of partners is approximately 3423.
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Acknowledgments
The author would like to thank Professor Martin Bell from the University of Queensland, Emeritus Professor Tom Carter from the University of Winnipeg, Professor Lori Wilkinson, University of Manitoba and an anonymous reviewer for their suggestions, which helped improve this article. The author would like to acknowledge that this article is partially based on immigration data obtained for a project ‘International migration in the NT’ funded in 2008–2009 by the Faculty of Law, Education, Business and Arts at the Charles Darwin University, Australia.
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Golebiowska, K. Are Peripheral Regions Benefiting from National Policies Aimed at Attracting Skilled Migrants? Case Study of the Northern Territory of Australia. Int. Migration & Integration 17, 947–971 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12134-015-0431-3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12134-015-0431-3