Abstract
Although reports state the frequency of general crime has fallen across the developed world, no such trend is evident within organised crime. This has caused law enforcement agencies to search for more innovative approaches to tackle this global problem. Emerging prominently within this period has been a ‘disruption’ approach, albeit little systematic research currently supports its use. This study explores the way one English Police Force has tackled 15 Organised Crime Groups (99 individuals), using this type of approach. The study specifically examines the characteristics of the offender, the tactics used, and the re-offending levels following the police activity. It concludes by highlighting: the methodological challenges associated with the measurement of organised crime disruption; the ethical questions surrounding this type of intervention; and the overall effectiveness of the approach.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Braga A (2007) The effects of hot spots policing on crime. Reviews, Campbell Systematic
Bullock K, Chowdhury R, Hollings P (2013) Public Concerns about Organised Crime, London: Home Office Research Report:16
Clarke RV, Felson M (2008) Routine activity and rational choice: advances criminological theory, 2nd edn. Transaction publishers, New Jersey
Cornish DB, Clarke RV (1986) The reasoning criminal: rational choice perspectives on offending. Springer, New York
Duijin PAC, Kashirin V, Sloot PMA (2014) The relative ineffectiveness of criminal network disruption. Scientific Reports 4(4238):1–15
Eck JE, Spelman W (1987) Problem Solving: Problem Oriented Policing in Newport News. Police Executive Research Forum, Washington DC
Farrell, G., Tilley, N., Tseloni, A. & Mailley, J. (2008) ‘The Crime Drop and the Security Hypothesis’, British Society of Criminology Newsletter, No. 62.
Felson M (2002) Crime and everyday life, 3rd edn. Pine Forge Press, Newbury Park
Francis, B., Humphreys, L., Kirby, S., & Soothill, K. (2013) Criminal careers in organised crime. Report submitted in pursuance of Home Office Research Grant.
Gilmour S (2008) Understanding organized crime: a local perspective. Policing 2(1):18–27
Glass GV (1976) Primary, secondary and meta-analysis of research. Educational Researcher 5(10):3–8
Guerette RT, Bowers KJ (2009) Assessing the the extent of crime displacement and diffusion of benefits. A Review of Situational Crime Prevention Evaluations, Criminology 47(4):1331–1368
HMIC (2006) Closing the Gap, www.hmic.gov.uk/media/closing-the-gap-20050911.pdf.
Hobbs D (1998) Going down the glocal: the local context of organised crime. The Howard Journal of Criminal Justice 37(4):407–422
Home Office (2011) Local to Global: Reducing the Risk from Organized Crime, www.homeoffice.gov.uk/publications/crime/organised-crime-strategy.
Home Office (2013) Serious and Organised Crime Strategy, Online at https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/serious-organised-crime-strategy
Home Office. 2014. Police National Computer (PNC). [pdf] Available at: http://www.ukba.homeoffice.gov.uk/sitecontent/documents/policyandlaw/modernised/enforcement/11-criminal-financial/PNC?view=Binary [Accessed: 17 Feb 2014].
Kirby S (2013) Effective policing: implementation in theory and practice. Basingstoke, Palgrave
Kirby S, Nailer L (2013) Reducing the offending of a. UK Organized Crime Group Using an Opportunity Reducing Framework – a three Year Case Study, ‘Trends in Organised Crime’ 16(4):397–412
Kirby S, Penna S (2010) Policing mobile criminality: towards a situational crime prevention approach to organised crime. In: Bullock K, Clarke RV, Tilley N (eds) Situational prevention of organised crime. Willan Publishing, Collumpton, pp. 193–212
Lambsdorff, J. (2005) Corruption perception index 2004. Transparency International global corruption report 2005. England: Yeoman Press.
Laycock G (2005) Deciding what to do. In: Tilley N (ed) Handbook of crime prevention and community safety. Willan publishing, Collumpton
Laycock G (2012) Happy birthday. Policing 6(2):101–107
Leong AVM (2007) The disruption of international organised crime – An analysis of legal and non-legal strategies. Ashgate Publishing, Hampshire
Levi M, Maguire M (2004) Reducing and preventing organised crime: An evidence based critique. Crime Law & Social Change 41:397–469
McLean F, Hillier J (2011) An observational study of response and neighbourhood officers. NPIA, London
Office of National Statistics (2013) UK Population estimates 2013. Accessed from http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/pop-estimate/population-estimates-for-uk–england-and-wales–scotland-and-northern-ireland/2013/sty-population-estimates.html. Accessed on 7.7.15
Ratcliffe J (2008) Intelligence led policing. Willan Publishing, Collumpton
Rosenbaum, D.P (1986) Community crime prevention: does it work? Beverley Hills: Sage Publishing.
Salmon P, Stanton N, Jenkins D, Walker G (2011) Coordination during multi-agency emergency response: issues and solutions. Disaster Prevention And Management: An International Journal 20(2):140–158
Sarantakos S (2004) Social research, 3rd edn. Palgrave Macmillan, New York
Seng JS (1998) Praxis as a conceptual framework for participatory research in nursing. Advance Nurse Science 20(4):37–48
Sherman LW (1997) Policing for crime prevention. In: Sherman LW, Gottfredson D, Mackenzie D, Eck J, Reuter P, Bushway S (eds) Preventing crime,: what works, what doesn’t, what’s promising. Washington, National Institute of Justice
Sproat PA (2012) Phoney war or appeasement? The Policing of Organised Crime in the UK, Trends in Organised Crime 15:313–330
Tilley N (2009) Intelligence, analysis, prevention and disruption of organised crime. Presented at a Workshop on Intelligence and Policing, University Of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, April 2-3:2009
Tusikov N (2012) Measuring organised crime related harms: exploring five policing methods. Crime, Law & Social Change 57:99–115
von Lampe, K. (2015) Definitions of organized crime. Online at http://www.organized-crime.de/organizedcrimedefinitions.htm
Wincup E (2009) Researching crime and criminal justice. In: Hale C, Hayward K, Wahidin A, Wincup E (eds) Criminology, 2nd edn. Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp. 103–125
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Ethical approval
This article does not contain any studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors.
Conflict of interest
Author A (corresponding author) declares that he has no conflict of interest.
Author B declares that she has no conflict of interest.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Kirby, S., Snow, N. Praxis and the disruption of organized crime groups. Trends Organ Crim 19, 111–124 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12117-016-9269-0
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12117-016-9269-0