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Gene Expression Analysis in MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells Treated with Recombinant Bromelain

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Abstract

The contributing molecular pathways underlying the pathogenesis of breast cancer need to be better characterized. The principle of our study was to better understand the genetic mechanism of oncogenesis for human breast cancer and to discover new possible tumor markers for use in clinical practice. We used complimentary DNA (cDNA) microarrays to compare gene expression profiles of treated Michigan Cancer Foundation-7 (MCF-7) with recombinant bromelain and untreated MCF-7. SpringGene analysis was carried out of differential expression followed by Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA), to understand the underlying consequence in developing disease and disorders. We identified 1,102 known genes differentially expressed to a significant degree (p < 0.001) changed between the treatment. Within this gene set, 20 genes were significantly changed between treated cells and the control cells with cutoff fold change of more than 1.5. These genes are RNA-binding motif, single-stranded interacting protein 1 (RBMS1), ribosomal protein L29 (RPL29), glutathione S-transferase mu 2 (GSTM2), C15orf32, Akt3, B cell translocation gene 1 (BTG1), C6orf62, C7orf60, kinesin-associated protein 3 (KIFAP3), FBXO11, AT-rich interactive domain 4A (ARID4A), COPS2, TBPL1|SLC2A12, TMEM59, SNORD46, glioma tumor suppressor candidate region gene 2 (GLTSCR2), and LRRFIP. Our observation on gene expression indicated that recombinant bromelain produces a unique signature affecting different pathways, specific for each congener. The microarray results give a molecular mechanistic insight and functional effects, following recombinant bromelain treatment. The extent of changes in genes is related to and involved significantly in gap junction signaling, amyloid processing, cell cycle regulation by BTG family proteins, and breast cancer regulation by stathmin1 that play major roles.

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Acknowledgments

The authors gratefully acknowledge the support from the International Islamic University Malaysia for providing research grant number EDW B11-078-0556 and the Institute of Medical Research (IMR), Kuala Lumpur, for letting the researchers use the GeneSpring software in conducting this research.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Bioprocess and Molecular Engineering Research Unit (BPMERU), Department of Biotechnology Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, International Islamic University Malaysia, P.O. Box 10, 50728, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

    Nour Fouz & Azura Amid

  2. International Institute for Halal Research and Training, International Islamic University Malaysia, P.O. Box 10, 50728, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

    Azura Amid & Yumi Zuhanis Has-Yun Hashim

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  1. Nour Fouz
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  2. Azura Amid
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  3. Yumi Zuhanis Has-Yun Hashim
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Correspondence to Azura Amid.

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Fouz, N., Amid, A. & Hashim, Y.Z.HY. Gene Expression Analysis in MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells Treated with Recombinant Bromelain. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 173, 1618–1639 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-014-0947-6

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