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Recent advances in nanoporous graphene membrane for gas separation and water purification

多孔石墨烯分离膜的最新研究进展:气体分离和`水净化

  • Review
  • Engineering Sciences
  • Published:
Science Bulletin

Abstract

Graphene is a one-atom-thick sheet of graphite comprising sp2-hybridized carbon atoms arranged in the hexagonal honeycomb lattices. By removing the honeycomb lattices and forming nanopores with specific geometry and size, nanoporous graphene has been demonstrated as a very high-efficiency separation membrane, due to the ultrafast molecular permeation rate for its one-atom thickness. This review focuses on the recent advances in nanoporous graphene membrane for the applications of gas separation and water purification, with a major emphasis on the molecular permeation mechanisms and the advanced fabrication methods of this state-of-the-art membrane. We highlight the advanced theoretical and experimental works and discuss the gas/water molecular transport mechanisms through the graphene nanopores accompanied with theoretical models. In addition, we summarize some representative membrane fabrication methods, covering the graphene transfer to porous substrates and the pore generation. We anticipate that this review can provide a platform for understanding the current challenges to make the conceptual membrane a reality and attracting more and more attentions from scientists and engineers.

摘要

石墨烯是由碳原子以sp 2杂化结构组成的单原子层二维晶体。具有亚纳米级孔隙的多孔石墨烯可作为一种高效的分离膜,因为分子在石墨烯纳米孔中极高的穿透速率导致多孔石墨烯分离膜的渗透率很高。本文以气体分离和水净化为应用背景,回顾总结多孔石墨烯分离膜在实验和理论方面的最新研究进展,着重介绍气体和水分子在多孔石墨烯中的渗透机制和数理模型,以及多孔石墨烯分离膜的制备技术,包括石墨烯往多孔基底的转移和纳米孔的产生。为了使多孔石墨烯分离膜尽早付诸实践,本文建议重点开展分子渗透机理、膜制备技术和工业应用等方面的科学研究。

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51425603 and 51236007).

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  1. State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710049, China

    Chengzhen Sun, Boyao Wen & Bofeng Bai

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  1. Chengzhen Sun
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Correspondence to Bofeng Bai.

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Sun, C., Wen, B. & Bai, B. Recent advances in nanoporous graphene membrane for gas separation and water purification. Sci. Bull. 60, 1807–1823 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11434-015-0914-9

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