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Explosive type of moderate-resistance training induces functional, cardiovascular, and molecular adaptations in the elderly

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Abstract

Current recommendations aimed at reducing neuromuscular and functional loss in aged muscle have identified muscle power as a key target for intervention trials, although little is known about the biological and cardiovascular systemic response in the elderly. This study investigated the effects of 12 weeks of low-frequency, moderate-intensity, explosive-type resistance training (EMRT) on muscle strength and power in old community-dwelling people (70–75 years), monitoring functional performance linked to daily living activities (ADL) and cardiovascular response, as well as biomarkers of muscle damage, cardiovascular risk, and cellular stress response. The present study provides the first evidence that EMRT was highly effective in achieving a significant enhancement in muscular strength and power as well as in functional performance without causing any detrimental modification in cardiovascular, inflammatory, and damage parameters. Moreover, trained elderly subjects showed an adaptive response at both systemic and cellular levels by modulation of antioxidant and stress-induced markers such as myeloperoxidase (MPO), heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) and 27 (Hsp27), and thioredoxin reductase 1 (TrxR1).

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by grants from the University of Rome “Foro Italico” (Research 2009) to D. C. The Lazio Regional Municipality (Agreement CRUL-Lazio n. 12650/2010) supported the post-doc scholarship to ID.

Conflict of interest

Each author of this study further declares no relationships with the companies or manufacturers who will benefit from the results of the present study. The authors of this article declare no conflicts of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Unit of Biology, Genetics and Biochemistry, University of Rome “Foro Italico”, Piazza Lauro De Bosis 15, 00135, Rome, Italy

    Maria Reyes Beltran Valls, Ivan Dimauro, Andrea Brunelli, Guglielmo Duranti, Stefania Sabatini, Paolo Parisi & Daniela Caporossi

  2. Unit of Internal Medicine, Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome “Foro Italico”, Piazza Lauro De Bosis 15, 00135, Rome, Italy

    Eliana Tranchita, Emanuela Ciminelli & Attilio Parisi

  3. Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Campus vej 55, 5230, Odense M, Denmark

    Paolo Caserotti

Authors
  1. Maria Reyes Beltran Valls
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  2. Ivan Dimauro
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  3. Andrea Brunelli
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  4. Eliana Tranchita
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  11. Daniela Caporossi
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Daniela Caporossi.

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Maria Reyes Beltran Valls and Ivan Dimauro contributed equally to this research.

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Beltran Valls, M.R., Dimauro, I., Brunelli, A. et al. Explosive type of moderate-resistance training induces functional, cardiovascular, and molecular adaptations in the elderly. AGE 36, 759–772 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11357-013-9584-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11357-013-9584-1

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