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Assessment of palladium footprint from road traffic in two highway environments

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Abstract

Palladium (Pd) is an emerging eco-toxic pollutant from vehicle catalytic converters, emitted worldwide for more than two decades. Nowadays, the spatial extent of Pd fallout is growing along roads, but its subsequent fate in neighboring terrestrial ecosystems has not been extensively addressed yet. Two sites representative of contrasted natural environments (field, forest) but located under similar ambient conditions were selected to isolate and analyze the specific impact of vehicular Pd, along highway A71, France. Pd impregnation was assessed along 200-m-long transects perpendicular to the highway. Contents were measured in soils, earthworms, plant communities of the right of way (ROW), and the neighboring field (crop weeds), as well as in a moss, and bramble and ivy leaves in the forest. The direct impact of Pd fallouts appears to be confined in the grassy verge of the highway: ROW soils ([Pd] = 52–65 ng g−1), earthworms ([Pd] = 18–38 ng g−1), and plant community ([Pd] = 10–23 ng g−1). Pd footprint is pointed out by the accumulation index calculated for earthworms and plant communities even though transfer coefficients indicate the absence of bioaccumulation (TCs < 1). An indirect longer range transfer of Pd is identified, induced by hydric transport of organic matter.

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Acknowledgments

This study was carried out in the framework of a doctoral thesis funded by the national environmental agency (Ademe) and Ifsttar. The authors thank M. Galet and G. Cosson from Cofiroute for their assistance (access to A71 ROW and safety); J. Thénard, A. Trouvé (Ecosys, Inra), and L. Lumière (Ifsttar) for their help in sampling; and H. Blanchard for final proofreading.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. IFSTTAR, Centre de Nantes, Route de Bouaye, CS4, 44344, Bouguenais cedex, France

    N. Clément, B. Muresan & D. François

  2. ADEME, 20 avenue du Grésillé, BP 90406, 49001, Angers cedex 01, France

    N. Clément

  3. UMR Ecosys, INRA/AgroParisTech, RD 10, 78026, Versailles cedex, France

    M. Hedde

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  1. N. Clément
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Correspondence to D. François.

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Clément, N., Muresan, B., Hedde, M. et al. Assessment of palladium footprint from road traffic in two highway environments. Environ Sci Pollut Res 22, 20019–20031 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-015-5241-9

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