Abstract
Background and aims
The effect of plant species on their root-associated arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi is well studied, but how this effect operates at the cultivar level remains poorly understood. This study investigates how wheat cultivars shape their AM fungal communities.
Methods
Twenty-one new wheat cultivars were traditionally cultivated in a dryland of northwestern China, and their agronomic traits, soil characteristics and the abundance and community composition of AM fungi were measured.
Results
Both spore community in soils and AM fungal phylotypes inside roots were significantly influenced by cultivar even though hyphal abundance, spore density and AM fungal diversity were similar across cultivars. Three out of 16 AM fungal phylotypes interacted with most cultivars, whilst some phylotypes preferred to colonize cultivars with similar agronomic traits. Six wheat cultivars, all which had hosted 6 AM fungal phylotypes, seemed to be generalists. Nestedness analysis and stochastic model fitting revealed that the AM fungal communities colonizing roots were codetermined by deterministic and stochastic processes.
Conclusions
A complex pattern of cultivar-AM fungal interactions was observed in this study, and our results highlight that the host effect on the community assembly of AM fungi could be operating on the level of plant cultivar.
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Acknowledgments
We thank Prof. Nancy Collins Johnson at Northern Arizona University, Prof. J. Peter W. Young at University of York and two anonymous reviewers for helpful comments and edits on the manuscript. This research was supported by National Basic Research Program (2012CB026105), National Natural Science Foundation (31170482, 31370450, 31300445), PhD Programs Foundation of Ministry of Education (2010021111002, 20110211110021), China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2013M540780) and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (LZUJBKY-2013-92) in China.
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L. Mao and Y. Liu contributed equally to this work
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Mao, L., Liu, Y., Shi, G. et al. Wheat cultivars form distinctive communities of root-associated arbuscular mycorrhiza in a conventional agroecosystem. Plant Soil 374, 949–961 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-013-1943-2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-013-1943-2