Abstract
Significant part of our work was developing a new type of CO2 and H2O gas exchange chambers fit for measuring stand patches. Ground areas of six chambers (ranged between 0.044–4.531 m2) constituted a logarithmic series with doubling diameters from 7.5 to 240.0 cm. We demonstrate one of the first results for stand net ecosystem CO2 exchange (NEE) rates and temporal variability for two characteristic Central European grassland types: loess and sand. The measured mean NEE rates and their ranges in these grasslands were similar to values reported in other studies on temperate grasslands. We also dealt with the spatial scale dependence from ecophysiological point of view. Our chamber-series measurement was performed in a perennial ruderal weed association. The variability of CO2-assimilation of this weed vegetation showed clear spatial scale-dependence. We found the lowest variability of the vegetation photosynthesis at the small-middle scales. The results of spatial variability suggest the 0.2832 m2 patch size is the characteristic unit of the investigated weed association and there is a kind of synphysiological minimi-area with characteristic size for each vegetation type.
Similar content being viewed by others
Abbreviations
- CON:
-
Convolvulo-Agropyretum
- E:
-
transpiration rate
- EC:
-
eddy correlation
- FES:
-
Festucetum vaginatae danubiale
- GA:
-
ground area
- GIS:
-
geographic information systems
- LAI:
-
leaf area index
- n:
-
number of replications
- NDVI:
-
normalised difference vegetation index
- NEE:
-
net ecosystem CO2 exchange
- PAR:
-
photosynthetically active radiation
- RH:
-
relative humidity
- SAL:
-
Salvio-Festucetum rupicolae
- SD:
-
standard deviation of measurements performed within one-day
- SWC:
-
soil water content
- Ta :
-
air temperature
- Ts :
-
soil temperature
References
Angell, R.F., Svejcar, T., Bates, J., Saliendra, N.Z., Johnson, D.A.: Bowen ratio and closed chamber carbon dioxide flux measurements over sagebrush steppe vegetation. — Agr. Forest Meteorol. 108: 153–161, 2001.
Bartha, S., Czaran, T., Scheuring, I.: Spatiotemporal scales of non-equilibrium community dynamics: a methodological challenge. — New Zeal. J. Ecol. 21: 199–206, 1997.
Campbell, G.S.: Extinction coefficients for radiation in plant canopies calculated using an ellipsoidal inclination angle distribution. — Agr. Forest Meteorol. 36: 317–321, 1986.
Davis, F.W., Schimel, D.S., Friedl, M.A., Michaelsen, J.C., Kittel, T.G.F., Dubayah, R., Dozier, J.: Covariance of biophysical data with digital topographic and land use maps over the FIFE site. — J. geophys. Res. 97: 19,009–19,021, 1992.
Dugas, W.A., Reicosky, D.C., Kiniry, J.R.: Chamber and micrometeorological measurements of CO2 and H2O fluxes for three C4 grasses. — Agr. Forest Meteorol. 83: 113–133, 1997.
Fekete, G.: The holistic view of succession reconsidered. — Coenoses 7: 21–29, 1992.
Fekete, G., Tuba, Z., Melko, E.: Background processes at the population level during succession in grasslands on sand. — Vegetatio 77: 33–41, 1988.
Fekete, G., Tuba, Z., Precsenyi, I.: Application of three approaches to evaluate abundance and rarity in a sand grassland community. — Coenoses 10: 29–38, 1995.
Frank, A.B., Liebig, M.A., Hanson, J.D.: Soil carbon dioxide fluxes in northern semiarid grasslands. — Soil Biol. Biochem. 34: 1235–1241, 2002.
Hall, D.O., Scurlock, J.M.O., Bolhar-Nordenkampf, H.R., Leegood, R.C., Long, S.P.: Photosynthesis and Production in a Changing Environment. A Field and Laboratory Manual. — Chapman & Hall, London — Glasgow — New York — Tokyo — Melbourne — Madras 1993.
Hunt, J.E., Kelliher, F.M., McSeveny, T.M., Byers, J.M.: Evaporation and carbon dioxide exchange between the atmosphere and a tussock grassland during a summer drought. — Agr. Forest Meteorol. 111: 65–82, 2002.
Long, S.P., Hallgren, J.-E.: Measurement of CO2 assimilation by plants in the field and the laboratory. — In: Hall, D.O., Scurlock, J.M.O., Bolhar-Nordenkampf, H.R., Leegood, R.C., Long, S.P. (ed.). Photosynthesis and Production in a Changing Environment. A Field and Laboratory Manual. Pp. 129–167. Chapman & Hall, London — Glasgow — New York — Tokyo — Melbourne — Madras 1993.
Loveland, T.R., Merchant, J.W., Ohlen, D.O., Brown, J.F.: Development of a land-cover characteristics database for the conterminous U. S. — Photogrammetric Eng. remote Sensing 57: 1453–1463, 1991.
Monteith, J.L., Unsworth, M.H.: Principles of Environmental Physics. — Edward Arnold, London — New York — Melbourne — Auckland 1995.
Mucina, L., Bartha, S.: Variance in species richness and guild proportionality in two contrasting dry grassland community. — Biologia (Bratislava) 54: 67–75, 1999.
Norman, J.M., Kucharik, C.J., Gower, S.T., Baldocchi, D.D., Crill, P.M., Rayment, M., Savage, K., Striegl, R.G.: A comparison of six methods for measuring soil-surface carbon dioxide fluxes. — J. geophys. Res. 28: 771–777, 1997.
Sestak, Z., Eatsky, J., Jarvis, P.G. (ed.): Plant Photosynthetic Production, Manual of Methods. — Dr W. Junk Publ., The Hague 1971.
Suyker, A.E., Vermal, S.B.: Year-round observations of the net ecosystem exchange of carbon dioxide in a native tallgrass prairie. — Global Change Biol. 7: 279–289, 2001.
Tuba, Z., Csintalan, Zs., Nagy, Z., Szente, K., Kemeny, G., Takacs, Z., Koch, J., Badacsonyi, A., Murakeozy, P., Palicz, G., Kobor, Sz., Otvos, E., Bartha, S.: [Synphysiology: basic theories and explorative investigations for an emerging field of plant ecology.] — In: Fekete, G. (ed.) Front Lines of the Community Ecology. Pp. 171–196. Scientia Publisher, Budapest 1998. [In Hung.]
Verseghy, K., Kovacs-Lang, E.: Investigations on production of grassland communities of sandy soil in the IBP area near Csevharaszt (Hungary) I. Production of lichens. — Acta biol. Acad. Sci. hung. 22: 393–411, 1971.
Zamolodchikov, D.G., Karelin, D.V.: An empirical model of carbon fluxes in Russian tundra. Global Change Biol. 7: 147–161, 2001.
Zolyomi, B., Fekete, G.: The Pannonian loess steppe: Differentiation in space and time. — Abstr. Bot. 18: 29–41, 1994.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
Dedicated to Academician Prof. Gabor Fekete on the occasion of his 75th birthday.
This work was supported by the Hungarian Scientific Research Fund (OTKA-32586), Plant Ecological Research Group of Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Kiskunsag National Park and CARBOMONT (EVK2-2002-00549) 5th R & D EU project. This project is also related to CARBOEUROPE-IP (GOCE-CT-2003-50-5572) and GREENGRASS 5th Framework Research Project (EVK-2-CT-2002-00105).
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Czobel, S., Foti, S., Balogh, J. et al. Chamber series and space-scale analysis of CO2 gas-exchange in grassland vegetation: A novel approach. Photosynthetica 43, 267–272 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11099-005-0043-9
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11099-005-0043-9