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A sex-associated sequence identified by RAPD screening in gynogenetic individuals of turbot (Scophthalmus maximus)

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Abstract

Understanding the genetic basis of sex determination mechanisms is essential for improving the productivity of farmed aquaculture fish species like turbot (Scophthalmus maximus). In culture conditions turbot males grow slower than females starting from eight months post-hatch, and this differential growth rate is maintained until sexual maturation is reached, being mature females almost twice as big as males of the same age. The goal of this study was to identify sex-specific DNA markers in turbot using comparative random amplified polymorphism DNA (RAPD) profiles in males and females to get new insights of the genetic architecture related to sex determination. In order to do this, we analyzed 540 commercial 10-mer RAPD primers in male and female pools of a gynogenetic family because of its higher inbreeding, which facilitates the detection of associations across the genome. Two sex-linked RAPD markers were identified in the female pool and one in the male pool. After the analysis of the three markers on individual samples of each pool and also in unrelated individuals, only one RAPD showed significant association with females. This marker was isolated, cloned and sequenced, containing two sequences, a microsatellite (SEX01) and a minisatellite (SEX02), which were mapped in the turbot reference map. From this map position, through a comparative mapping approach, we identified Foxl2, a relevant gene related to initial steps of sex differentiation, and Wnt4, a gene related with ovarian development, close to the microsatellite and minisatellite markers, respectively. The position of Foxl2 and Wnt4 was confirmed by linkage mapping in the reference turbot map.

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Acknowledgments

This study was supported by the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnología (AGL2003-05539) and by the Xunta the Galicia Government (07MMA004200PR) projects. We thank Cristina Gianzo for technical support, Miguel Hermida for markers mapping and Carmen Bouza for population analysis.

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  1. Departamento de Genética, Facultad de Biología (CIBUS), Universidad de Santiago de Compostela Avda. Lope Gómez de Marzoa, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain

    Luis Vale, Rebeca Dieguez & Ana Viñas

  2. Departamento de Genética, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Avda das Ciencias, s/n, 27002, Lugo, Spain

    Laura Sánchez & Paulino Martínez

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  1. Luis Vale
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Correspondence to Ana Viñas.

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Vale, L., Dieguez, R., Sánchez, L. et al. A sex-associated sequence identified by RAPD screening in gynogenetic individuals of turbot (Scophthalmus maximus). Mol Biol Rep 41, 1501–1509 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-013-2995-3

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