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Gender/Racial Differences in Jock Identity, Dating, and Adolescent Sexual Risk

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Abstract

Despite recent declines in overall sexual activity, sexual risk-taking remains a substantial danger to US youth. Existing research points to athletic participation as a promising venue for reducing these risks. Linear regressions and multiple analyses of covariance were performed on a longitudinal sample of nearly 600 Western New York adolescents in order to examine gender- and race-specific relationships between “jock” identity and adolescent sexual risk-taking, including age of sexual onset, past-year and lifetime frequency of sexual intercourse, and number of sexual partners. After controlling for age, race, socioeconomic status, and family cohesion, male jocks reported more frequent dating than nonjocks but female jocks did not. For both genders, athletic activity was associated with lower levels of sexual risk-taking; however, jock identity was associated with higher levels of sexual risk-taking, particularly among African American adolescents. Future research should distinguish between subjective and objective dimensions of athletic involvement as factors in adolescent sexual risk.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Research Institute on Addictions, 1021 Main Street, Buffalo, New York, 14203

    Kathleen E. Miller

Authors
  1. Kathleen E. Miller
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  2. Michael P. Farrell
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  3. Grace M. Barnes
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  4. Merrill J. Melnick
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  5. Don Sabo
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Correspondence to Kathleen E. Miller.

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Research Scientist at the Research Institute on Addictions of the University at Buffalo. Received PhD in sociology from the University at Buffalo. Research interests include adolescent athletic involvement, gender, race, and health-risk behavior, particularly substance use.

Department Chair and Professor of Sociology at the University at Buffalo. Received PhD in sociology from Yale University. Research interests include the effects of families, friendships, and organizational participation on adolescent development and substance use.

Senior Research Scientist at the Research Institute on Addictions of the University at Buffalo. Received PhD in sociology from the University at Buffalo. Research interests include family influences on adolescent substance use, gambling, and other problem behaviors.

Professor of Physical Education and Sport at SUNY College at Brockport. Received PhD in physical education from Ohio State University. Research interests include the sociology of sport, social psychology of sport, sport group dynamics, and sport spectatorship/fandom.

Professor of Sociology at D’Youville College. Received PhD in sociology from the University at Buffalo. Research interests include the sociology of sport, gender, and men’s health.

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Miller, K.E., Farrell, M.P., Barnes, G.M. et al. Gender/Racial Differences in Jock Identity, Dating, and Adolescent Sexual Risk. J Youth Adolescence 34, 123–136 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-005-3211-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-005-3211-0

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