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Arsenic-induced root growth inhibition in mung bean (Phaseolus aureus Roxb.) is due to oxidative stress resulting from enhanced lipid peroxidation

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Abstract

Arsenic (As) toxicity and its biochemical effects have been mostly evaluated in ferns and a few higher plants. In this study, we investigated the effect of As (10.0 and 50.0 μM) on seedling growth, root anatomy, lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde and conjugated dienes), electrolyte leakage, H2O2 content, root oxidizability and the activities of antioxidant enzymes in mung bean (Phaseolus aureus Roxb.). Arsenic significantly enhanced lipid peroxidation (by 52% at 50.0 μM As), electrolyte leakage and oxidizability in roots. However, there was no significant change in H2O2 content. Arsenic toxicity was associated with an increase in the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), guaiacol peroxidase (GPX) and glutathione reductase (GR). In response to 50.0 μM As, the activities of SOD and GR increased by over 60% and 90%, respectively. At 10.0 μM As, the activity of ascorbate peroxidase (APX) increased by 83%, whereas at 50.0 μM it declined significantly. The catalase (CAT) activity, on the other hand, decreased in response to As exposure, and it corresponded to the observed decrease in H2O2 content. We conclude that As causes a reduction in root elongation by inducing an oxidative stress that is related to enhanced lipid peroxidation, but not to H2O2 accumulation.

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Abbreviations

APX:

Ascorbate peroxidase

As:

Arsenic

CAT:

Catalase

CD:

Conjugated diene

DW:

Dry weight

EL:

Electrolyte leakage

FW:

Fresh weight

GPX:

Guaiacol peroxidase

GR:

Glutathione reductase

GSH:

Glutathione reduced

GSSG:

Glutathione oxidized

H2O2 :

Hydrogen peroxide

LP:

Lipid peroxidation

MDA:

Malondialdehyde

NADPH:

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate reduced

NBT:

Nitro blue tetrazolium

RO:

Root oxidizability

ROS:

Reactive oxygen species

SOD:

Superoxide dismutase

TBARS:

Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances

TCA:

Trichloroacetic acid

TTC:

2,3,5-Triphenyl tetrazolium chloride

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Acknowledgement

Komal Arora is thankful to Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), New Delhi for financial assistance in the form of a research fellowship.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centre for Environment and Vocational Studies, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160 014, India

    Harminder Pal Singh & Ravinder Kumar Kohli

  2. Botany Department, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160 014, India

    Daizy R. Batish, Ravinder Kumar Kohli & Komal Arora

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  1. Harminder Pal Singh
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  2. Daizy R. Batish
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  3. Ravinder Kumar Kohli
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  4. Komal Arora
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Correspondence to Harminder Pal Singh.

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Singh, H.P., Batish, D.R., Kohli, R.K. et al. Arsenic-induced root growth inhibition in mung bean (Phaseolus aureus Roxb.) is due to oxidative stress resulting from enhanced lipid peroxidation. Plant Growth Regul 53, 65–73 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10725-007-9205-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10725-007-9205-z

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