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MiR-9 and miR-21 as prognostic biomarkers for recurrence in papillary thyroid cancer

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Abstract

Despite low mortality rates, nodal recurrence in papillary thyroid carcinoma occurs in up to 20 % of patients. Emerging evidences indicate that dysregulated microRNAs are implicated in the process of metastasis. In the present study, we investigated whether miR-9, miR-10b, miR-21 and miR-146b levels are predictive of papillary thyroid carcinoma recurrence. Using macro-dissection followed by quantitative real-time PCR, we measured miR-9, miR-10b, miR-21 and miR-146b expression levels in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded samples of 66 patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma categorized into two groups: the recurrent group (n = 19) and the non-recurrent group (n = 47). All patients underwent total thyroidectomy and were followed for at least 120 months after surgery to be considered recurrence-free. Univariate and multivariate analysis were performed using the Cox proportional hazard model in order to identify associations between multiple clinical variables and microRNA expression levels and papillary thyroid carcinoma recurrence. MiR-9 and miR-21 expression levels were found to be significant prognostic factors for recurrence in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (HR = 1.48; 95 % CI 1.24–1.77, p < 0.001; and HR = 1.52; 95 % CI 1.18–1.94, p = 0.001; respectively). Multivariate analysis involving the expression level of miR-9 and miR-21 and various clinical parameters identified the expression of these microRNAs as independent prognostic factors for papillary thyroid cancer patients. In conclusion, our results support the potential clinical value of miR-9 and miR-21 as prognostic biomarkers for recurrence in papillary thyroid carcinoma.

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Abbreviations

PTC:

Papillary thyroid carcinoma

miR:

microRNA

PCR:

Polymerase chain reaction

qRT-PCR:

Quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction

RNA:

Ribonucleic acid

IBCC:

Instituto Brasileiro de Controle do Câncer

UICC:

Union for International Cancer Control

TNM:

Tumor, nodes, metastasis

ATA:

American Thyroid Association

MSKCC–NY:

Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center–New York

FFPE:

Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded

cDNA:

Complementary deoxyribonucleic acid

HR:

Hazard ratio

CI:

Confidence interval

cm:

Centimeter

EGFR:

Epidermal growth factor receptor

MMP16:

Matrix metalloproteinase 16

ICAM1:

Intercellular adhesion molecule 1

STMN1:

Stathmin 1

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Albert Einstein Research and Education Institute, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, Av. Albert Einstein, 627, São Paulo, SP, 05652-000, Brazil

    Adriana Sondermann, Flavia Maziero Andreghetto, Ana Carolina Bernardini Moulatlet, Elivane da Silva Victor & Patricia Severino

  2. Department of Head and Neck Surgery, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil

    Adriana Sondermann & Lenine Garcia Brandão

  3. Department of Pathology, Hospital Sírio Libanês, São Paulo, SP, Brazil

    Marilia Germanos de Castro

  4. Department of Stomatology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil

    Fábio Daumas Nunes

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  1. Adriana Sondermann
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  2. Flavia Maziero Andreghetto
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  3. Ana Carolina Bernardini Moulatlet
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Correspondence to Patricia Severino.

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Sondermann, A., Andreghetto, F.M., Moulatlet, A.C.B. et al. MiR-9 and miR-21 as prognostic biomarkers for recurrence in papillary thyroid cancer. Clin Exp Metastasis 32, 521–530 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10585-015-9724-3

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