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DNA (meta)barcoding of biological invasions: a powerful tool to elucidate invasion processes and help managing aliens

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Abstract

Biological invasions are a major threat to the world’s biodiversity with consequences on ecosystem structure and functioning, species evolution, and human well-being (through ecosystem services). Conservation of biological diversity and management of biological resources require multi-level management strategies on non-native species, in order to (1) prevent biological introductions, (2) detect non-native species at an early stage of the introduction, and (3) eradicate or maintain at a low level of population density non-native species that were successfully introduced. A pre-requisite to any control measures on non-native species is the ability to rapidly and accurately identify the putative threatening alien species. DNA barcoding, and its recent extension, DNA metabarcoding are complementary tools that have proved their value in the identification of living beings. Here we review their use in the identification of non-native species at several steps of the introduction processes, and how they can be applied in the control and management of biological introductions. Through examples covering various taxa and ecosystems (terrestrial, freshwater, marine), we highlight the strengths and weaknesses of approaches that we foresee as crucial in the implementation of early warning strategies.

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Acknowledgments

We are grateful to Stefano Piraino, John Darling, Esther Lubzens and Gary Carvalho for inviting us to contribute to this special issue. The publication of this paper is supported by CoNISMa (Italian National Interuniversity Consortium for Marine Sciences), which received funding from the European Community’s Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) for the project VECTORS (http://www.marine-vectors.eu). This paper stems from the International workshop MOLTOOLS (Molecular Tools for Monitoring Marine Invasive Species), held in Lecce, Italy, in September 2012. We thank the two anonymous reviewers for their comments and suggestions that improved the manuscript. This review benefited from insights and outcomes from various projects we would like to acknowledge: the Interreg IVa Marinexus; the AXA Research Fund (AXA Marine Aliens and Climate Change Project); the Bibliothèque du Vivant sequencing programme; Programmi di ricerca scientifica di rilevante interesse nazionale 2007 (PRIN 2007): “Nuova metodica per l’analisi della biodiversità: un’applicazione del pirosequenziamento allo studio degli organismi del suolo”; the following grants funded by Fondazione Cariplo: “Dai geni all’ecosistema: il DNA barcoding come supporto innovativo per la protezione della biodiversità e l’analisi della funzionalità delle reti ecologiche”; “Le connessioni ecologiche nelle selve castanili nel Parco Regionale Campo dei Fiori: valutazione e sviluppo di sistemi di gestione”; “Il corridoio ecologico del Lambro: interventi per il consolidamento e l’implementazione della connettività e della biodiversità”; “Seminare biodiversità: il ruolo dell’avifauna migratrice nell’implementazione della biodiversità del Parco Monte Barro”.

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  1. Sorbonne Universités, CNRS, UMR 7144, Station Biologique de Roscoff, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Place Georges Teissier, 29688, Roscoff Cedex, France

    Thierry Comtet & Frédérique Viard

  2. ZooPlantLab, Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milan-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza, 2, 20126, Milan, Italy

    Anna Sandionigi & Maurizio Casiraghi

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  1. Thierry Comtet
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Correspondence to Maurizio Casiraghi.

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Comtet, T., Sandionigi, A., Viard, F. et al. DNA (meta)barcoding of biological invasions: a powerful tool to elucidate invasion processes and help managing aliens. Biol Invasions 17, 905–922 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10530-015-0854-y

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