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Selection of American hazelnut as a potential oilseed crop

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Abstract

Development of perennial oilseed crops for the Lakes States region of the United States would provide another crop opportunity for farmers, while improving ecosystem services from agricultural lands. In order to effectively select hazelnut (Corylus americana Marsh.) genotypes from existing wild populations, we needed to know at least three parameters: (1) measures for indirect assessment of yield, (2) between and within population genetic variability, (3) fatty acid characteristics of the nuts. American hazelnut populations at 21 sites were screened for high-yielding plants. Yield component analysis was used to determine the relationship of specific component of yield (nut clusters/m2, nuts/cluster, mass in-shell/nut, mass of nutmeat/mass in-shell) to yield of nutmeat/m2. Nut clusters/m2 explained the majority of the variation in yield of nutmeat/m2. Ten microsatellite loci were used to determine the within and between population variation. The majority of the variance was between individuals within populations. Fatty acid profiles were determined for a subset of high-producing plants. Hazelnut oil is predominantly oleic acid. The fatty acid profiles do not vary greatly between individual plants, although linoleic acid is the most open to selection.

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Acknowledgments

We thank Matthew Cogger, Martha Lippert, Jeanne Lust, Kelsey Brasseur, Helana Nelson, Kevin Schwartz, Isaac Palmer, Silja Spiecker, Emily Demchik and Benjamin Demchik for assistance in various components of the field and laboratory work. We thank Les Werner, Sophie Demchik, Ellen Jo Holguin, Eric Singsaas, Rich Hauer, John Hardy and Brian Sloss for access to equipment and facilities that made this work possible. We thank the many federal, state and county foresters that made this work possible by providing access to sites and facilitating any permission that was required. The work was funded in part by a Wisconsin Institute for Sustainable Technologies grant, a Consortium for Extension and Research in Agriculture and Natural Resources grant, a Wisconsin Department of Agriculture Trade and Consumer Protection Specialty Crop Block Grant and University of Wisconsin System Applied Research Grant.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. University of Wisconsin Stevens Point, Stevens Point, WI, 54481, USA

    Michael Demchik & Keith Turnquist

  2. University of Wisconsin Extension, 117 East 5th St, Washburn, WI, 54891, USA

    Jason Fischbach

  3. Morningside College, 1501 Morningside Avenue, Sioux, IA, 51106, USA

    Anthony Kern

  4. University of Wisconsin-Superior, Barstow Hall 202, P.O. Box 2000, Superior, WI, 54880, USA

    James Lane

  5. Department of Horticulture, University of Wisconsin Madison, 1575 Linden Drive, Madison, WI, 53706, USA

    Brent McCown & Eric Zeldin

Authors
  1. Michael Demchik
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  2. Jason Fischbach
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  3. Anthony Kern
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  4. James Lane
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  5. Brent McCown
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  6. Eric Zeldin
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  7. Keith Turnquist
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Correspondence to Michael Demchik.

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Brent McCown and Eric Zeldin: Retired.

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Demchik, M., Fischbach, J., Kern, A. et al. Selection of American hazelnut as a potential oilseed crop. Agroforest Syst 88, 449–459 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10457-014-9704-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10457-014-9704-7

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