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Species delimitation of Cattleya coccinea and C. mantiqueirae (Orchidaceae): insights from phylogenetic and population genetics analyses

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Abstract

The high-altitude Southeastern Brazilian Cattleya coccinea clade includes two taxonomically challenging species, Cattleya coccinea and Cattleya mantiqueirae, the latter considered restricted to the mountain range of Serra da Mantiqueira. To hypothesize the existence of evolutionary independent lineages corresponding to these species, we inferred phylogenetic relationships and described patterns of population genetic diversity and structure of populations from six localities based on ISSR and cpDNA sequence data. Results do not support the species C. coccinea and C. mantiqueirae as previously circumscribed. Most analyses recovered southwestern and northeastern groups along the two mountain ranges, suggesting geography rather than morphology as an important criteria for species delimitation. However, due to the lack of information on the type locality of C. coccinea and the topological complexity of the southwestern area, the taxonomic circumscription of C. coccinea and C. mantiqueirae must be evaluated by additional population sampling. We also propose that the northeastern group comprise at least one distinct species. Also, specimens from Lima Duarte from Serra da Mantiqueira clearly do not belong to neither of the two groups and demand further investigation concerning a possible hybridization scenario of C. coccinea/C. mantiqueirae and C. brevipedunculata. Population genetic patterns of variation are in agreement with pollination observations for this group and with a drift-selection model of speciation. Owing to the high genetic differences among populations, with low levels of variation within populations, conservation priorities should favour protecting as many populations as possible.

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Acknowledgments

We sincerely thank the “Instituto de Botânica de São Paulo” for providing conditions for cultivation of specimens for study, as well for all the help of their staff; D Miller, I Miller, LE Catharino, L Menini, MA Scalia, M Barros Neto, MR Cabral, O Ribeiro, R Valadares, T Campacci, W Forster for all the lab assistance and/or help on fieldwork; E Borba, F Pinheiro and two anonymous reviewers for contributions on earlier versions of this manuscript. Plants were collected under the permit SISBIO 32837-1. Funding was provided by Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo/FAPESP (11/18751-7 to JFR, 11/18532-3 to EAV, 06/55121-3 to SK). CvdB and EAV thanks CNPq for a scholarship (Pq-1B and Pq-2).

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  1. Departamento de Genética, Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz, Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil

    Jucelene F. Rodrigues, Mariana Novello, Elizabeth A. Veasey & Giancarlo C. X. Oliveira

  2. Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Feira de Santana, BA, Brazil

    Cássio van den Berg

  3. Embrapa Arroz e Feijão, Santo Antonio de Goiás, GO, Brazil

    Aluana G. Abreu

  4. Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Diadema, SP, Brazil

    Samantha Koehler

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Correspondence to Jucelene F. Rodrigues or Samantha Koehler.

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Rodrigues, J.F., van den Berg, C., Abreu, A.G. et al. Species delimitation of Cattleya coccinea and C. mantiqueirae (Orchidaceae): insights from phylogenetic and population genetics analyses. Plant Syst Evol 301, 1345–1359 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00606-014-1156-z

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