Abstract.
The article reviews the use of electrochemical biosensors for detecting lactate, a key metabolite of the anaerobic glycolytic pathway. This compound plays an important role in (sports) medicine, in the nutritional sector, in food quality control and touches environmental concerns. Amperometric biosensors offer a sensitive and selective means to monitor organic analytes like lactate. A detailed study on different aspects of amperometric lactate biosensor preparation is described: the main configuration aspects are compiled regarding electrode materials, biorecognition elements, immobilization methods, mediators and cofactors as well as fields of application. Comparative studies are conducted correlating different configuration aspects and performance of the resulting biosensors. This review contains 214 references from the years 1974 to 2007.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
F Mazzei A Azzoni B Cavalieri F Botrè C Botrè (1996) ArticleTitleA multi-enzyme bioelectrode for the rapid determination of total lactate concentration in tomatoes, tomato juice and tomato paste Food Chem 55 413 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK28XisFeru7o%3D
H-C Shu B Mattiasson B Persson G Nagy L Gorton S Sahni L Geng L Boguslavsky T Skotheim (1995) ArticleTitleA reagentless amperometric electrode based on carbon paste, chemically modified with D-lactate dehydrogenase, NAD+, and mediator containing polymer for D-lactic acid analysis: I. Construction, composition, and characterization Biotech Bioeng 46 270 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2MXltVWqs7w%3D
D Pfeiffer B Möller N Klimes J Szeponik S Fischer (1997) ArticleTitleAmperometric lactate oxidase catheter for real-time lactate monitoring based on thin film technology Biosens Bioelectron 12 539 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2sXkvFCmtbw%3D
Q Yang P Atanasov E Wilkins (1999) ArticleTitleNeedle-type lactate biosensor Biosens Bioelectron 14 203 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK1MXhsVejsbY%3D
B Bleiberg J J Steinberg S D Katz J Wexler T LeJemtel (1991) ArticleTitleDetermination of plasma lactic acid concentration and specific activity using high-performance liquid chromatography J Chromatogr-Biomed 568 301 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK3MXlsFCitLk%3D
D Pfeiffer K Setz T Schulmeister F W Scheller H B Lück D Pfeiffer (1992) ArticleTitleDevelopment and characterization of an enzyme-based lactate probe for undiluted media Biosens Bioelectron 7 661 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK3sXitVylu78%3D
E I Iwuoha A Rock M R Smyth (1999) ArticleTitleAmperometric L-lactate biosensors: 1. Lactic acid sensing electrode containing lactate oxidase in a composite poly-L-lysine matrix Electroanalysis 11 367 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK1MXjsFWku7o%3D
A Parra E Casero L Vázquez F Pariente E Lorenzo (2006) ArticleTitleDesign and characterization of a lactate biosensor based on immobilized lactate oxidase onto gold surfaces Anal Chim Acta 555 308 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXhtlCnt7zP
Megazyme D-lactic acid (D-lactate) and L-lactic acid (L-lactate) assay procedures (2005) Retrieved April 18, 2007 from http://secure.megazyme.com/downloads/en/data/K-DLATE.pdf
S K Stephens I E Tothill P J Warner A P F Turner (1997) ArticleTitleDetection of silage effluent pollution in river water using biosensors Water Res 31 41 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2sXls1Oitg%3D%3D
A Avramescu T Noguer M Avramescu J L Marty (2002) ArticleTitleScreen-printed biosensors for the control of wine quality based on lactate and acetaldehyde determination Anal Chim Acta 458 203 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38XjvFaqsbc%3D
A M Herrero T Requena A J Reviejo J M Pingarrón (2004) ArticleTitleDetermination of L-lactic acid in yoghurt by a bienzyme amperometric graphite–Teflon composite biosensor Eur Food Res Technol 219 556 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXot1ymt7o%3D
S Miertuš J Katrlík A Pizzariello M Stred’anský J Švitel J Švorc (1998) ArticleTitleAmperometric biosensors based on solid binding matrices applied in food quality monitoring Biosens Bioelectron 13 911
G Palleschi M H Faridnia G J Lubrano G G Guilbault (1991) ArticleTitleDetermination of lactate in human saliva with an electrochemical enzyme probe Anal Chim Acta 245 151 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK3MXkt1Ghsr8%3D
G J Kost (1993) ArticleTitleNew whole blood analyzers and their impact on cardiac and critical care Crit Rev Cl Lab Sci 30 153 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK3sXlslKkurY%3D
J Wang (1999) ArticleTitleAmperometric biosensors for clinical and therapeutic drug monitoring: a review J Pharmaceut Biomed 19 47
J Toffaletti M E Hammes R Gray B Lineberry B Abrams (1992) ArticleTitleLactate measured in diluted and undiluted whole blood and plasma: comparison of methods and effect of hematocrit Clin Chem 38 2430 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK3sXlsFGrsA%3D%3D
D R Thévenot K Toth R A Durst G S Wilson (1999) ArticleTitleElectrochemical biosensors: recommended definitions and classification (Technical report) Pure Appl Chem 71 2333
L Campanella M Tomassetti F Mazzei (1993) ArticleTitleBiosensor for direct determination of glucose and lactate in undiluted biological fluids Biosens Bioelectron 8 307 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2cXitFWrtrw%3D
J Kulys W Schuhmann H-L Schmidt (1992) ArticleTitleCarbon-paste electrodes with incorporated lactate oxidase and mediators Anal Lett 25 1011 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK38Xks1GktLw%3D
H Huck A Schelter-Graf J Danzer P Kirch H-L Schmidt (1984) ArticleTitleBioelectrochemical detection systems for substrates of dehydrogenases Analyst 109 147 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaL2cXitVKjsLo%3D
G Jobst I Moser M Varahram P Svasek E Aschauer Z Trajanoski P Wach P Kotanko F Skrabal G Urban (1996) ArticleTitleThin-film microbiosensors for glucose-lactate monitoring Anal Chem 68 3173 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK28XkvVektb0%3D
G J Kost T H Nguyen Z Tang (2000) ArticleTitleWhole-blood glucose and lactate. Trilayer biosensors, drug interference, metabolism, and practice guidelines Arch Pathol Lab Med 124 1128 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3cXlvFyktbk%3D
B Gründig G Wittstock U Rüdel B Strehlitz (1995) ArticleTitleMediator-modified electrodes for electrocatalytic oxidation of NADH J Electroanal Chem 395 143
H Kotte B Gründig K D Vorlop B Strehlitz U Stottmeister (1995) ArticleTitleMethylphenazonium-modified enzyme sensor based on polymer thick films for subnanomolar detection of phenols Anal Chem 67 65 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2MXis1ClsLY%3D
W J Blaedel R C Engstrom (1980) ArticleTitleReagentless enzyme electrodes for ethanol, lactate, and malate Anal Chem 52 1691 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaL3cXlt1yitL0%3D
R W Min V Rajendran N Larsson L Gorton J Planas B Hahn-Hägerdal (1998) ArticleTitleSimultaneous monitoring of glucose and L-lactic acid during a fermentation process in an aqueous two-phase system by on-line FIA with microdialysis sampling and dual biosensor detection Anal Chim Acta 366 127 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK1cXjtVagtbs%3D
S A Emr A M Yacynych (1995) ArticleTitleUse of polymer films in amperometric biosensors Electroanalysis 7 913 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2MXos1OmsLk%3D
International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (2006) Enzyme Nomenclature. Retrieved April 18, 2007, from http://www.chem.qmul.ac.uk/iubmb/enzyme/
U Spohn D Narasaiah L Gorton D Pfeiffer (1996) ArticleTitleA bienzyme modified carbon paste electrode for the amperometric detection of L-lactate at low potentials Anal Chim Acta 319 79 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK28XnvFCnsw%3D%3D
S Cosnier M Fontecave C Innocent V Niviere (1997) ArticleTitleAn original electroenzymatic system: flavin reductase-riboflavin for the improvement of dehydrogenase-based biosensors. Application to the amperometric detection of lactate Electroanalysis 9 685 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2sXktFeksL8%3D
M J Lobo-Castañón A J Miranda-Ordieres P Tuñón-Blanco (1997) ArticleTitleA bienzyme-poly-(o-phenylenediamine)-modified carbon paste electrode for the amperometric detection of L-lactate Anal Chim Acta 346 165
R Zaydan M Dion M Boujtita (2004) ArticleTitleDevelopment of a new method, based on a bioreactor coupled with an L-lactate biosensor, toward the determination of a nonspecific inhibition of L-lactic acid production during milk fermentation J Agric Food Chem 52 8 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXps1Wgt7w%3D
D L Williams A R Doig SuffixJr A Korosi (1970) ArticleTitleElectrochemical-enzymatic analysis of blood glucose and lactate Anal Chem 42 118 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaE3cXltFKgtg%3D%3D
P Racine H-O Klenk A H Kochsiek (1975) ArticleTitleRapid lactate determination with an electrochemical enzymatic sensor: clinical usability and comparative measurements Z Klin Chem Klin Biochem 13 533 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaE28Xos1eitA%3D%3D
P Urban F Lederer (1988) ArticleTitleInactivation of flavocytochrome b2 with fluoropyruvate. Reaction at the active-site histidine Eur J Biochem 173 155 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaL1cXktF2gsrc%3D
M Iwatsubo C Capeillère (1967) ArticleTitleCytochrome b2 (L-lactate déshydrogénase) équilibre et processus élémentaires de la réaction de combinaison du substrat à l’enzyme Biochim Biophys Acta 146 349 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaF1cXpslGr
F Mizutani T Yamanaka Y Tanabe K Tsuda (1985) ArticleTitleAn enzyme electrode for L-lactate with a chemically-amplified response Anal Chim Acta 177 153 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaL28XhvF2ht74%3D
F Schubert D Kirstein K L Schröder F W Scheller (1985) ArticleTitleEnzyme electrodes with substrate and co-enzyme amplification Anal Chim Acta 169 391 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaL2MXktVejsbc%3D
J Anzai H Takeshita Y Kobayashi T Osa T Hoshi (1998) ArticleTitleLayer-by-layer construction of enzyme multilayers on an electrode for the preparation of glucose and lactate sensors: elimination of ascorbate interference by means of an ascorbate oxidase multilayer Anal Chem 70 811 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK1cXjvV2mtw%3D%3D
K Miki T Ikeda S Todoriki M Senda (1989) ArticleTitleBioelectrocatalysis at NAD-dependent dehydrogenase and diaphorase-modified carbon paste electrodes containing mediators Anal Sci 5 269 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaL1MXkslCjtbs%3D
M Montagné H Erdmann M Comtat J L Marty (1995) ArticleTitleComparison of the performances of two bi-enzymatic sensors for the detection of D-lactate Sens Actuators B 26/27 440
T Buch-Rasmussen (1990) ArticleTitleFlow system for direct determination of enzyme substrate in undiluted whole blood Anal Chem 62 932 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK3cXhsFCmtrg%3D
H C Shu N P Wu (2001) ArticleTitleA chemically modified carbon paste electrode with D-lactate dehydrogenase and alanine aminotransferase enzyme sequences for D-lactic acid analysis Talanta 54 361 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3MXisVKnsr0%3D
R Renneberg F Schubert F W Scheller (1986) ArticleTitleCoupled enzyme reactions for novel biosensor Tibtech 11 216 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaL28XkslGjtbk%3D
W J Sung Y H Bae (2006) ArticleTitleGlucose oxidase, lactate oxidase, and galactose oxidase enzyme electrode based on polypyrrole with polyanion/PEG/enzyme conjugate dopant Sens Actuators B 114 164
P U Abel T von Woedtke B Schulz T Bergann A Schwock (1999) ArticleTitleStability of immobilized enzymes as biosensors for continuous application in vitro and in vivo J Mol Catal B-Enzym 7 93 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK1MXlsFyjtL0%3D
M L Fultz R A Durst (1982) ArticleTitleMediator compounds for the electrochemical study of biological redox systems: a compilation Anal Chim Acta 140 1 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaL38Xlslyjsr8%3D
R Antiochia A E G Cass G Palleschi (1997) ArticleTitlePurification and sensor applications of an oxygen insensitive, thermophilic diaphorase Anal Chim Acta 245 17
H C Yoon H S Kim (1996) ArticleTitleElectrochemical characteristics of a carbon-based thick-film L-lactate biosensor using L-lactate dehydrogenase Anal Chim Acta 336 57 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK28XnsFamu7k%3D
K Hirano H Yamato K Kunimoto M Ohwa (2002) ArticleTitleDesign of novel electron transfer mediators based on indophenol derivatives for lactate sensor Biosens Bioelectron 17 315 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38XhtFyrt7o%3D
M D Leonida D T Starczynowski R Waldman B Aurian-Blajeni (2003) ArticleTitlePolymeric FAD used as enzyme-friendly mediator in lactate detection Anal Bioanal Chem 376 832 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXltlCrtLk%3D
R Garjonyte V Melvydas A Malinauskas (2006) ArticleTitleMediated amperometric biosensors for lactic acid based on carbon paste electrodes modified with baker’s yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae Bioelectrochem 68 191 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28XjvV2qsbs%3D
J Castillo S Gáspár S Leth M Niculescu A Mortari I Bontidean V Soukharev S A Dorneanu A D Ryabov E Csöregi (2004) ArticleTitleBiosensors for life quality. Design, development and applications Sens Actuators B 102 179
Brenda (2007) The comprehensive enzyme information system. Retrieved January 31, 2007, from http://www.brenda.uni-koeln.de/index.php4?page=/ontology/index.php4
M Boujtita M Chapleau N El Murr (1996) ArticleTitleEnzymatic electrode for the determination of L-lactate Electroanal 8 485 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK28XjsFyrt70%3D
G F Khan W Wernet (1997) ArticleTitleDesign of enzyme electrodes for extended use and storage life Anal Chem 69 2682 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2sXjvVChtLY%3D
K Kriz L Kraft M Krook D Kriz (2002) ArticleTitleAmperometric determination of L-lactate based on entrapment of lactate oxidase on a transducer surface with a semi-permeable membrane using a SIRE technology based biosensor. Application: tomato paste and baby food J Agric Food Chem 50 3419 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38XjsFSks7c%3D
S Fennouh V Casimiri A Geloso-Meyer C Burstein (1998) ArticleTitleKinetic study of heavy metal salt effects on the activity of L-lactate dehydrogenase in solution or immobilized on an oxygen electrode Biosens Bioelectron 13 903 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK1cXnt1Kqt7s%3D
J C Gayet A Haouz A Geloso-Meyer C Burstein (1993) ArticleTitleDetection of heavy metal salts with biosensors built with an oxygen electrode coupled to various immobilized oxidases and dehydrogenases Biosen Bioelectron 8 177 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK3sXlvFOgsb8%3D
M Mascini D Moscone G Palleschi (1984) ArticleTitleA lactate electrode with lactate oxidase immobilized on nylon net for blood serum samples in flow systems Anal Chim Acta 157 45 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaL2cXhslSrtLY%3D
O Lockridge V Massey P A Sullivan (1972) ArticleTitleMechanism of action of the flavoenzyme lactate oxidase J Biol Chem 247 8097 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaE3sXhtVOlsbo%3D
S Ghisla V Massey (1975) ArticleTitleMechanism of inactivation of the flavoenzyme lactate oxidase by oxalate J Biol Chem 250 577 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaE2MXhtlCksbc%3D
M Mascini S Fortunati D Moscone G Palleschi M Massi-Benedetti P Fabietti (1985) ArticleTitleAn L-lactate sensor with immobilized enzyme for use in in vivo studies with an endocrine artificial pancreas Clin Chem 31 451 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaL2MXitV2guro%3D
G Kenausis Q Chen A Heller (1997) ArticleTitleElectrochemical glucose and lactate sensors based on “wired” thermostable soybean peroxidase operating continuously and stably at 37 °C Anal Chem 69 1054 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2sXhslyksL0%3D
E I Garvie (1980) ArticleTitleBacterial lactate dehydrogenases Microbiol Rev 44 106 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaL3cXkt1Whtbo%3D
J Haccoun B Piro V Noël M C Pham (2006) ArticleTitleThe development of a reagentless lactate biosensor based on a novel conducting polymer Bioelectrochem 68 218 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28XjvV2qtr4%3D
U Fischer S Alcock A P F Turner (1995) ArticleTitleAssessment of devices for in vivo monitoring of chemical species Biosens Bioelectron 10 xxiii
W A Collier D Janssen A L Hart (1996) ArticleTitleMeasurement of soluble L-lactate in dairy products using screen-printed sensors in batch mode Biosens Bioelectron 11 1041 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK28Xls1WksL0%3D
M R Weaver P M Vadgama (1986) ArticleTitleAn O2-based enzyme electrode for whole blood lactate measurement under continuous flow conditions Clin Chim Acta 155 295 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaL28XitVehtr0%3D
E Cortón F Battaglini (2001) ArticleTitleEffect of milk proteins on the behavior of a biosensor based on poly(allylamine) containing an osmium complex wired to redox enzymes: Part 2. Bienzymatic configuration J Electroanal Chem 511 8
R Garjonyte Y Yigzaw R Meskys A Malinauskas L Gorton (2001) ArticleTitlePrussian blue- and lactate oxidase-based amperometric biosensor for lactic acid Sens Actuators B 79 33
K Hajizadeh H B Halsall W R Heineman (1991) ArticleTitleGamma-irradiation immobilization of lactate oxidase in poly(vinyl alcohol) on platinized graphite electrodes Anal Chim Acta 243 23 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK3MXitVaksLw%3D
F Palmisano A Guerrieri M Quinto P G Zambonin (1995) ArticleTitleElectrosynthesized bilayer polymeric membrane for effective elimination of electroactive lnterferents in amperometric biosensors Anal Chem 67 1005 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2MXjsFSlur0%3D
P Gros M Comtat (2004) ArticleTitleA bioelectrochemical polypyrrole-containing Fe(CN)6 3− interface for the design of a NAD-dependent reagentless biosensor Biosens Bioelectron 20 204 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXmsl2ju70%3D
M Montagné H Durliat M Comtat (1993) ArticleTitleSimultaneous use of dehydrogenases and hexacyanoferrate(III) ion in electrochemical biosensors for L-lactate, D-lactate and L-glutamate ions Anal Chim Acta 278 25
J Katrlík A Pizzariello V Mastihuba J Švorc M Stred’ansý S Miertuš (1999) ArticleTitleBiosensors for L-malate and L-lactate based on solid binding matrix Anal Chim Acta 379 193
H Durliat M Comtat A Baudras (1976) ArticleTitleSpectrophotometric and electrochemical determinations of L(+)-lactate in blood by use of lactate dehydrogenase from yeast Clin Chem 22 1802 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaE2sXhtlCkug%3D%3D
H Durliat M Comtat J Mahenc (1979) ArticleTitleA device for the continuous assay of lactate Anal Chim Acta 106 131 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaE1MXktFKjurY%3D
O Smutok G Gayda M Gonchar W Schuhmann (2005) ArticleTitleA novel L-lactate-selective biosensor based on flavocytochrome b2 from methylotrophic yeast Hansenula polymorpha Biosens Bioelectron 20 1285 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXhtVKlur7F
H Durliat M Comtat J Mahenc A Baudras (1976) ArticleTitleRecherche des conditions optimales de fonctionnement d’une électrode à enzyme spécifique du lactate application au dosage dans le sang Anal Chim Acta 85 31 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaE28XlsFGqtrs%3D
K Wang J J Xu H Y Chen (2006) ArticleTitleBiocomposite of cobalt phthalocyanine and lactate oxidase for lactate biosensing with MnO2 nanoparticles as an eliminator of ascorbic acid interference Sens Actuators B 114 1052
C Danilowicz E Cortón F Battaglini E J Calvo (1998) ArticleTitleAn Os(byp)2ClPyCH2NH Poly(allylamine) hydrogel mediator for enzyme wiring at electrodes Electrochim Acta 43 3525 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK1cXlvVWntrk%3D
G Kenausis C Taylor I Katakis A Heller (1996) ArticleTitle‘Wiring’ of glucose oxidase and lactate oxidase within a hydrogel made with poly(vinyl pyridine) complexed with [Os(4,4′-dimethoxy-2,2′-bipyridine)2Cl]+/2+ J Chem Soc Faraday Trans 92 4131 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK28XmvVymtLg%3D
I Katakis A Heller (1992) ArticleTitleL-α-glycerophosphate and L-lactate electrodes based on the electrochemical “wiring” of oxidases Anal Chem 64 1008 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK38XhvVOhsL4%3D
S F White A P F Turner U Bilitewski R D Schmid J Bradley (1994) ArticleTitleLactate, glutamate and glutamine biosensors based on rhodinised carbon electrode Anal Chim Acta 295 243 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2cXmt1Ggsb8%3D
J Wang Q Chen M Pedrero (1995) ArticleTitleHighly selective biosensing of lactate at lactate oxidase containing rhodium-dispersed carbon paste electrodes Anal Chim Acta 304 41 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2MXktFemtrg%3D
N Shimojo K Naka H Uenoyama K Hamamoto K Yoshioka K Okuda (1993) ArticleTitleElectrochemical assay system with single-use electrode strip for measuring lactate in whole blood Clin Chem 39 2312 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2cXhtVSrt7s%3D
J Liu J Wang (1999) ArticleTitleRemarkable thermostability of bioelectrodes based on enzymes immobilized within hydrophobic semi-solid matrices Biotechnol Appl Biochem 30 177 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK1MXmslaqtrY%3D
U Bilitewski W Drewes J Neermann J Schrader R Surkow R D Schmid J Bradley (1993) ArticleTitleComparison of different biosensor systems suitable for bioprocess monitoring J Biotechnol 31 257 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2cXhtVGjsbg%3D
C Padeste B Steiger A Grubelnik L Tiefenauer (2003) ArticleTitleRedox labelled avidin for enzyme sensor architectures Biosens Bioelectron 19 239 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXovVWltbo%3D
D L Wang A Heller (1993) ArticleTitleMiniaturized flexible amperometric lactate probe Anal Chem 65 1069 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK3sXhsVartr8%3D
T M Park E I Iwuoha M R Smyth R Freaney A J McShane (1997) ArticleTitleSol-gel based amperometric biosensor incorporating an osmium redox polymer as mediator for detection of L-lactate Talanta 44 973 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2sXjsF2rtL0%3D
S De Luca M Florescu M E Ghica A Lupua G Palleschi C M A Brett D Compagnone (2005) ArticleTitleCarbon film electrodes for oxidase-based enzyme sensors in food analysis Talanta 68 171 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXht1Shu7nF
A Curulli F Valentini S Orlanduci M L Terranova G Palleschi (2004) ArticleTitlePt based enzyme electrode probes assembled with Prussian Blue and conducting polymer nanostructures Biosens Bioelectron 20 1223 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXhtVSntLjK Occurrence Handle10.1016/j.bios.2004.06.026
A Kaisheva P Atanasov S Gamburzev N Dimcheva I Iliev (1992) ArticleTitleAmperometric biosensor for glucose and lactate Sens Actuators B 8 53
A Kaisheva I Iliev R Kazareva S Christov (1995) ArticleTitleAmperometric enzyme/gas-diffusion electrodes Sens Actuators B 27 425
N Sato H Okuma (2006) ArticleTitleAmperometric simultaneous sensing system for D-glucose and L-lactate based on enzyme-modified bilayer electrodes Anal Chim Acta 565 250 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28XjvFylsL8%3D
B Ross K Cammann (1994) ArticleTitleBiosensor on the base of polypyrrole modified ultramicroelectrode arrays Talanta 41 977 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2cXlt12js7w%3D
G Aydın S S Çelebi H Özyörük A Yıldız (2002) ArticleTitleAmperometric enzyme electrode for L(+)-lactate determination using immobilized L(+)-lactate oxidase in poly(vinylferrocenium) film Sens Actuators B 87 8
P Gros H Durliat M Comtat (2001) ArticleTitleUse of polypyrrole film containing Fe(CN)6 3− as pseudo-reference electrode: application for amperometric biosensors Electrochim Acta 46 643
A-M Gué H Tap P Gros F Maury (2002) ArticleTitleA miniaturised silicon based enzymatic biosensor: towards a generic structure and technology for multi-analytes assays Sens Actuators B 82 227
H Tap P Gros A M Gué (2000) ArticleTitleAn amperometric silicon-based biosensor for D-lactate Sens Actuators B 68 123
H Tap P Gros A M Gué (1999) ArticleTitleDesign of a silicon based amperometric microbiosensor involving NAD-dependent dehydrogenase Electroanalysis 11 973 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK1MXlvVyrur8%3D
M Montagné J L Marty (1995) ArticleTitleBi-enzyme amperometric D-lactate sensor using macromolecular NAD+ Anal Chim Acta 315 297
H Durliat C Causserand M Comtat (1990) ArticleTitleBienzyme amperometric lactate-specific electrode Anal Chim Acta 231 309 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK3cXksFWrsLg%3D
T J Ohara M S Vreeke F Battaglini A Heller (1993) ArticleTitleBienzyme sensors based on “electrically wired” peroxidase Electroanalysis 5 825 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2cXlvFCmtLg%3D
B Serra A J Reviejo C Parrado J M Pingarrón (1999) ArticleTitleGraphite-teflon composite bienzyme electrodes for the determination of L-lactate: application to food samples Biosens Bioelectron 14 505 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK1MXkvVOjtbY%3D
J Kulys L Wang V Razumas (1992) ArticleTitleSensitive yeast bioelectrode to L-lactate Electroanalysis 4 527 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK38XltVOnurk%3D
T Kaláb P Skládal (1994) ArticleTitleEvaluation of mediators for development of amperometric microbial biosensors Electroanalysis 6 1004
A Avramescu T Noguer V Magearu J L Marty (2001) ArticleTitleChronoamperometric determination of D-lactate using screen-printed enzyme electrodes Anal Chim Acta 433 81 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3MXit1agsL0%3D
A Avramescu S Andreescu T Noguer C Bala D Andreescu J L Marty (2002) ArticleTitleBiosensors designed for environmental and food quality control based on screen-printed graphite electrodes with different configurations Anal Bioanal Chem 374 25 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38Xms1emt70%3D
H-C Shu L Gorton B Persson B Mattiasson (1995) ArticleTitleA reagentless amperometric electrode based on carbon paste, chemically modified with D-lactate dehydrogenase, NAD+, and mediator containing polymer for D-lactic acid analysis. II. On-line monitoring of fermentation process Biotech Bioeng 46 280 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2MXltVWqs70%3D
A Malinauskas J Kulys (1978) ArticleTitleAlcohol, lactate and glutamate sensors based on oxidoreductases with regeneration of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide Anal Chim Acta 98 31 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaE1cXktlyqsbw%3D
W Schuhmann C Lehn H-L Schmidt B Gründig (1992) ArticleTitleComparison of native and chemically stabilized enzymes in amperometric enzyme electrodes Sens Actuators B 7 393
S Cosnier K Le Lous (1996) ArticleTitleA new strategy for the construction of amperometric dehydrogenase electrodes based on laponite gel-methylene blue polymer as the host matrix J Electroanal Chem 406 243
A Curulli I Carelli O Trischitta G Palleschi (1997) ArticleTitleEnzyme electrode probes obtained by electropolymerization of monomers with PMS and selected dehydrogenase enzymes Talanta 44 1659 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2sXls1Kis78%3D
P C Pandey V Pandey S Mehta (1994) ArticleTitleAn amperometric enzyme electrode for lactate based on graphite paste modified with tetracyanoquinodimethane Biosens Bioelectron 9 365 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2cXmtVSisLw%3D
B Prieto-Simón E Fàbregas A Hart (2007) ArticleTitleEvaluation of different strategies for the development of amperometric biosensors for L-lactate Biosens Bioelectron 22 2663
A A Karyakin E E Karyakina W Schuhmann H-L Schmidt S D Varfolomeyev (1994) ArticleTitleNew amperometric dehydrogenase electrodes based on electrocatalytic NADH-oxidation at poly (methylene blue)-modified electrodes Electroanalysis 6 821 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2MXitlOktrY%3D
S D Sprules J P Hart S A Wring R Pittson (1995) ArticleTitleA reagentless, disposable biosensor for lactic acid based on a screen-printed carbon electrode containing Meldola’s blue and coated with lactate dehydrogenase, NAD+ and cellulose acetate Anal Chim Acta 304 17 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2MXktFemtr0%3D
C Ramirez Molina M Boujtita N El Murr (1999) ArticleTitleA carbon paste electrode modified by entrapped toluidine blue-O for amperometric determination of L-lactate Anal Chim Acta 401 155 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK1MXntlams7w%3D
J J Kulys G-J S Švirmickas (1980) ArticleTitleReagentless lactate sensor based on cytochrome b2 Anal Chim Acta 117 115 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaL3cXlt1yhu7k%3D
P N Bartlett D J Caruana (1994) ArticleTitleElectrochemical immobilization of enzymes: Part VI. Microelectrodes for the detection of L-lactate based on flavocytochrome b2 immobilized in a poly(phenol) film Analyst 119 175 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2cXitl2gs70%3D
A Mulchandani A S Bassi A Nguyen (1995) ArticleTitleTetrathiafulvalene-mediated biosensor for L-lactate in dairy products J Food Sci 60 74 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2MXjslCgs7k%3D
K Hirano H Yamato K Kunimoto M Ohwa (2002) ArticleTitleNovel electron transfer mediators, indoaniline derivatives for amperometric lactate sensor Sens Actuators B 86 88
J Haccoun B Piro L D Tran L A Dang M C Pham (2004) ArticleTitleReagentless amperometric detection of L-lactate on an enzyme-modified conducting copolymer poly(5-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone-co-5-hydroxy-3-thioacetic acid-1,4-naphthoquinone) Biosens Bioelectron 19 1325 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXisVehsL8%3D
H Liu J Kong J Deng (1995) ArticleTitleAn amperometric lactate sensor using tetrathiafulvalene in polyester ionomer film as electron transfer Anal Lett 28 563 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2MXjvVeqtbY%3D
J Kulys L Wang A Maksimoviene (1993) ArticleTitleL-lactate oxidase electrode based on methylene green and carbon paste Anal Chim Acta 274 53 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK3sXhvVOis7s%3D
A L Nguyen J H T Luong (1993) ArticleTitleDevelopment of mediated amperometric biosensors for hypoxanthine, glucose and lactate: a new format Biosens Bioelectron 8 421 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2cXis1Gisr0%3D
G Palleschi A P F Turner (1990) ArticleTitleAmperometric tetrathiafulvalene-mediated lactate electrode using lactate oxidase absorbed on carbon foil Anal Chim Acta 234 459 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK3cXlsVCmtL0%3D
D Narasaiah U Spohn L Gorton (1996) ArticleTitleSimultaneous determination of L- and D-lactate by enzyme modified carbon paste electrodes Anal Lett 29 181 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK28XovVGquw%3D%3D
C M Halliwell E Simon C-S Toh P N Bartlett A E G Cass (2002) ArticleTitleImmobilisation of lactate dehydrogenase on poly(aniline)–poly(acrylate) and poly(aniline)–poly(vinyl sulphonate) films for use in a lactate biosensor Anal Chim Acta 453 191 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38XpvVWnsQ%3D%3D
E Simon C M Halliwell C S Toh A E G Cass P N Bartlett (2002) ArticleTitleOxidation of NADH produced by a lactate dehydrogenase immobilised on poly(aniline)–poly(anion) composite films J Electroanal Chem 538–539 253
O A Raitman E Katz A F Buckmann I Willner (2002) ArticleTitleIntegration of polyaniline/poly(acrylic acid) films and redox enzymes on electrode supports: an in situ electrochemical/surface plasmon resonance study of the bioelectrocatalyzed oxidation of glucose or lactate in the integrated bioelectrocatalytic systems J Am Chem Soc 124 6487 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38XjsVCjsLo%3D
M J Lobo A J Miranda J M López-Fonseca P Tuñón (1996) ArticleTitleElectrocatalytic detection of nicotinamide coenzymes by poly(o-aminophenol)- and poly(o-phenylenediamine)-modified carbon paste electrodes Anal Chim Acta 325 33 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK28XivFKlu74%3D
A Chaubey M Gerard R Singhal V S Singh B D Malhotra (2000) ArticleTitleImmobilization of lactate dehydrogenase on electrochemically prepared polypyrrole–polyvinylsulphonate composite films for application to lactate biosensors Electrochim Acta 46 723 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3cXoslSlsr0%3D
T Schalkhammer C Lobmaier B Ecker W Wakolbinger E Kynclova G Hawa F Pittner (1994) ArticleTitleMicrofabricated glucose, lactate, glutamate and glutamine thin-film biosensors Sens Actuators B 18–19 587
M Trojanowicz T Krawczyński vel Krawczyk O Geschke K Cammann (1995) ArticleTitleBiosensors based on oxidases immobilized in various conducting polymers Sens Actuators B 28 191
A Chaubey K K Pande V S Singh B D Malhotra (2000) ArticleTitleCo-immobilization of lactate oxidase and lactate dehydrogenase on conducting polyaniline films Anal Chim Acta 407 97 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3cXpsFShuw%3D%3D
A Chaubey K K Pande M K Pandey V S Singh (2001) ArticleTitleSignal amplification by substrate recycling on polyaniline/lactate oxidase/lactate dehydrogenase bienzyme electrodes Appl Biochem Biotechnol 96 239 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38Xps1al
A Silber C Bräuchle N Hampp (1994) ArticleTitleDehydrogenase-based thick-film biosensors for lactate and malate Sens Actuators B 18 235 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2cXlsFagu70%3D
J Wang J Liu (1993) ArticleTitleFumed-silica containing carbon-paste dehydrogenase biosensors Anal Chim Acta 284 385 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2cXht1yks7Y%3D
J M Laval C Bourdillon (1983) ArticleTitleModified glassy carbon electrode with immobilized enzyme: NAD/NADH lactic dehydrogenase J Electroanal Chem 152 125 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaL3sXls1Gltb0%3D
J Wang Q Chen (1994) ArticleTitleLactate biosensor based on a lactate dehydrogenase/nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide biocomposite Electroanal 6 850 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2MXitlOkt7w%3D
A Curulli I Carelli O Trischitta G Palleschi (1997) ArticleTitleAssembling and evaluation of new dehydrogenase enzyme electrode probes obtained by electropolymerization of aminobenzene isomers and PQQ on gold, platinum and carbon electrodes Biosens Bioelectron 12 1043 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK1cXkvVKktA%3D%3D
W J Blaedel R A Jenkins (1976) ArticleTitleStudy of a reagentless lactate electrode Anal Chem 48 1240 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaE28XksVehsLc%3D
J M Laval C Bourdillon J Moiroux (1984) ArticleTitleEnzymatic electrocatalysis: electrochemical regeneration of NAD+ with immobilized lactate dehydrogenase modified electrodes J Am Chem Soc 106 4701 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaL2cXkvVKkt7w%3D
E Katz V Heleg-Shabtai A Bardea I Willner H K Rau W Haehnel (1998) ArticleTitleFully integrated biocatalytic electrodes based on bioaffinity interactions Biosens Bioelectron 13 741 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK1cXnt1Kqsbo%3D
H Durliat M Comtat (1980) ArticleTitleReagentless amperometric lactate electrode Anal Chem 52 2109 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaL3cXls1ektLg%3D
A Amine J Deni J-M Kauffmann (1994) ArticleTitleAmperometric biosensor based on carbon paste mixed with enzyme, lipid and cytochrome c Bioelectroch Bioener 34 123 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2cXlvF2rtLY%3D
M H Weil J A Leavy E C Rackow C J Halfman S J Bruno (1986) ArticleTitleValidation of a semi-automated technique for measuring lactate in whole blood Clin Chem 32 2175 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaL2sXmtl2jtg%3D%3D
F Mizutani Y Shimura K Tsuda (1984) ArticleTitleCatalytic assay of L-lactate or pyruvate with an enzyme electrode based on immobilized lactate oxidase and lactate dehydrogenase Chem Lett 13 199
V Casimiri C Burstein (1998) ArticleTitleBiosensor for L-lactate determination as an index of E. coli number in crude culture medium Anal Chim Acta 361 45 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK1cXhvVGmsL8%3D
V Casimiri C Burstein (1996) ArticleTitleCo-immobilized L-lactate oxidase and L-lactate dehydrogenase on a film mounted on oxygen electrode for highly sensitive L-lactate determination Biosens Bioelectron 11 783 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK28Xjtl2mtb0%3D
A Haouz A Geloso-Meyer C Burstein (1994) ArticleTitleAssay of dehydrogenases with an O2-consuming biosensor Enzyme Microb Technol 16 292 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2cXkt12ls7Y%3D
R C H Kwan P Y T Hon K K W Mak R Renneberg (2004) ArticleTitleAmperometric determination of lactate with novel trienzyme/poly(carbamoyl) sulfonate hydrogel-based sensor Biosens Bioelectron 19 1745 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXktV2ltbg%3D
S L Staškevičienė N K Čėnas J J Kulys (1991) ArticleTitleReagentless lactate electrodes based on electrocatalytic oxidation of flavocytochrome b2 Anal Chim Acta 243 167
J J Kulys N K Čénas G-J S Švirmickas V P Švirmickiene (1982) ArticleTitleChronoamperometric stripping analysis following biocatalytic preconcentration Anal Chim Acta 138 19 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaL38XkvVyitrs%3D
F Palmisano M Quinto R Rizzi P G Zambonin (2001) ArticleTitleFlow injection analysis of L-lactate in milk and yoghurt by on-line microdialysis and amperometric detection at a disposable biosensor Analyst 126 866 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3MXjvF2ntbk%3D
I Moser G Jobst G A Urban (2002) ArticleTitleBiosensor arrays for simultaneous measurement of glucose, lactate, glutamate, and glutamine Biosens Bioelectron 17 297 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38XhtFyrt7w%3D
M Suzuki H Akaguma (2000) ArticleTitleChemical cross-talk in flow-type integrated enzyme sensors Sens Actuators B 64 136
H Minagawa N Nakayama T Matsumoto N Ito (1998) ArticleTitleDevelopment of long life lactate sensor using thermostable mutant lactate oxidase Biosens Bioelectron 13 313 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK1cXjs1Kmsrw%3D
J G Schindler M v. Gülich (1981) ArticleTitleL-Lactat-Durchflußektrode mit immobilisierter Lactat-Oxidase Fresenius Z Anal Chem 308 434 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaL3MXmtFOhsr4%3D
E B Makovos C C Liu (1985) ArticleTitleMeasurements of lactate concentration using lactate oxidase and an electrochemical oxygen sensor Biotech Bioeng 27 167 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaL2MXht1yjurk%3D
S Sampath O Lev (1996) ArticleTitleInert metal-modified, composite ceramic-carbon, amperometric biosensors: renewable, controlled reactive layer Anal Chem 68 2015 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK28Xjt1Wht7Y%3D
V G Gavalas N A Chaniotakis (2001) ArticleTitleLactate biosensor based on the adsorption of polyelectrolyte stabilized lactate oxidase into porous conductive carbon Microchim Acta 136 211 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3MXlvFKlu7Y%3D
V G Gavalas N A Chaniotakis (2000) ArticleTitlePolyelectrolyte stabilized oxidase based biosensors: effect of diethylaminoethyl-dextran on the stabilization of glucose and lactate oxidases into porous conductive carbon Anal Chim Acta 404 67 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK1MXnsFequrs%3D
D Pfeiffer F W Scheller K Setz F Schubert (1993) ArticleTitleAmperometric enzyme electrodes for lactate and glucose determinations in highly diluted and undiluted media Anal Chim Acta 281 489 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK3sXmt1Sktbw%3D
K Hajizadeh H B Halsall W R Heineman (1991) ArticleTitleImmobilization of lactate oxidase in a poly(vinyl alcohol) matrix on platinized graphite electrodes by chemical cross-linking with isocyanate Talanta 38 37 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK3MXisVKjs7k%3D
A L Hart H Cox D Janssen (1996) ArticleTitleStabilization of lactate oxidase in screen-printed enzyme electrodes Biosens Bioelectron 11 833 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK28Xjtl2mtbc%3D
F Palmisano R Rizzi D Centonze P G Zambonin (2000) ArticleTitleSimultaneous monitoring of glucose and lactate by an interference and cross-talk free dual electrode amperometric biosensor based on electropolymerized thin films Biosens Bioelectron 15 531 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3cXosFeksLk%3D
W H Mullen S J Churchouse F H Keedy P M Vadgama (1986) ArticleTitleEnzyme electrode for the measurement of lactate in undiluted blood Clin Chim Acta 157 191 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaL28XktlynsLY%3D
M H Faridnia G Palleschi G J Lubrano G G Guilbault (1993) ArticleTitleAmperometric biosensor for determination of lactate in sweat Anal Chim Acta 278 35 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK3sXksVCmsLc%3D
N Kim R Haginoya I Karube (1996) ArticleTitleCharacterization and food application of an amperometric needle-type L-lactate sensor J Food Sci 61 286 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK28XivVaktb0%3D
K Mitsubayashi M Suzuki E Tamiya I Karube (1994) ArticleTitleAnalysis of metabolites in sweat as a measure of physical condition Anal Chim Acta 289 27 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2cXis1Gis70%3D
C E Hall D Datta E A H Hall (1996) ArticleTitleParameters which influence the optimal immobilisation of oxidase type enzymes on methacrylate copolymers as demonstrated for amperometric biosensors Anal Chim Acta 323 87 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK28XitlCks7c%3D
G Palleschi G Volpe D Compagnone E La Notte M Esti (1994) ArticleTitleBioelectrochemical determination of lactic and malic acids in wine Talanta 41 917 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2cXltlamsLo%3D
F Palmisano D Centonze M Quinto P G Zambonin (1996) ArticleTitleA microdialysis fibre based sampler for flow injection analysis: determination of L-lactate in biofluids by an electrochemically synthesised bilayer membrane based biosensor Biosens Bioelectron 11 419 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK28XhsVOls74%3D
M Mascini D Moscone G Palleschi R Pilloton (1988) ArticleTitleIn-line determination of metabolites and milk components with electrochemical biosensors Anal Chim Acta 213 101 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaL1MXjvVyh
F Palmisano G E De Benedetto C G Zambonin (1997) ArticleTitleLactate amperometric biosensor based on an electrosynthesized bilayer film with covalently immobilized enzyme Analyst 122 365 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2sXjtVamsrY%3D
V Razumas J Kanapieniené T Nylander S Engström K Larsson (1994) ArticleTitleElectrochemical biosensors for glucose, lactate, urea, and creatinine based on enzymes entrapped in a cubic liquid crystalline phase Anal Chim Acta 289 155 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2cXjtFyntrc%3D
M M F Choi (2005) ArticleTitleApplication of a long shelf-life biosensor for the analysis of L-lactate in dairy products and serum samples Food Chem 92 575 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXivVKnsbY%3D
N Ito S Miyamoto J Kimura I Karube (1996) ArticleTitleThe detection of lactate using the repeated application of stepped potentials to a micro-planar gold electrode Biosens Bioelectron 11 119 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK28XntF2gtg%3D%3D
M Mosbach H Zimmermann T Laurell J Nilsson E Csöregi W Schuhmann (2001) ArticleTitlePicodroplet-deposition of enzymes on functionalized self-assembled monolayers as a basis for miniaturized multi-sensor structures Biosens Bioelectron 16 827 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3MXnslems7Y%3D
F Mizutani S Yabuki Y Hirata (1995) ArticleTitleAmperometric L-lactate-sensing electrode based on a polyion complex layer containing lactate oxidase. Application to serum and milk samples Anal Chim Acta 314 233 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2MXosVOjtrg%3D
F Mizutani S Yabuki Y Hirata (1996) ArticleTitleFlow injection analysis of L-lactic acid using an enzyme-polyion complex-coated electrode as the detector Talanta 43 1815 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK28XlvVWrt70%3D
A Josten M Meusel F Spener L Haalck (1999) ArticleTitleEnzyme immobilization via microbial transglutaminase: a method for the generation of stable sensing surfaces J Mol Catal B-Enzym 7 57 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK1MXlsFyjt7c%3D
J Perdomo C Sundermeier H Hinkers O Martínez Morell W Seifert M Knoll (1999) ArticleTitleContainment sensors for the determination of L-lactate and glucose Biosens Bioelectron 14 27 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK1MXotlahsQ%3D%3D
I Rohm M Genrich W Collier U Bilitewski (1996) ArticleTitleDevelopment of ultraviolet-polymerizable enzyme pastes: bioprocess applications of screen-printed L-lactate sensors Analyst 121 877 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK28Xjs1ygur0%3D
G Bardeletti F Sechaud P R Coulet (1986) ArticleTitleA reliable L-lactate electrode with a new membrane for enzyme immobilization for amperometric assay of lactate Anal Chim Acta 187 47 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaL2sXhtlSqurw%3D
R Pilloton T N Nwosu M Mascini (1988) ArticleTitleAmperometric determination of lactic acid. Applications on milk samples Anal Lett 21 727 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaL1cXksFegsL8%3D
L C Clark L K Noyes T A Grooms M S Moore (1984) ArticleTitleRapid micromeasurement of lactate in whole blood Crit Care Med 12 461
M Badea A Curulli G Palleschi (2003) ArticleTitleOxidase enzyme immobilisation through electropolymerised films to assemble biosensors for batch and flow injection analysis Biosens Bioelectron 18 689 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXivV2ktrw%3D
N Ito T Matsumoto H Fujiwara Y Matsumoto S Kayashima T Arai M Kikuchi I Karube (1995) ArticleTitleTranscutaneous lactate monitoring based on a micro-planar amperometric biosensor Anal Chim Acta 312 323 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2MXnvFSqsLY%3D
W A Collier P Lovejoy A L Hart (1998) ArticleTitleEstimation of soluble L-lactate in dairy products using screen-printed sensors in a flow injection analyser Biosens Bioelectron 13 219 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK1cXivVGisbk%3D
M Albareda-Sirvent A L Hart (2002) ArticleTitlePreliminary estimates of lactic and malic acid in wine using electrodes printed from inks containing sol-gel precursors Sens Actuators B 87 73
A L Hart C Matthews W A Collier (1999) ArticleTitleEstimation of lactate in meat extracts by screen-printed sensors Anal Chim Acta 386 7 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK1MXhvFKmtrw%3D
A L Hart A P F Turner D Hopcroft (1996) ArticleTitleOn the use of screen- and ink-jet printing to produce amperometric enzyme electrodes for lactate Biosens Bioelectron 11 263 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK28XptVyluw%3D%3D
N G Patel A Erlenkötter K Cammann G-C Chemnitius (2000) ArticleTitleFabrication and characterization of disposable type lactate oxidase sensors for dairy products and clinical analysis Sens Actuators B 67 134
J Anzai Y Kobayashi N Nakamura T Hoshi (2000) ArticleTitleUse of Con A and mannose-labelled enzymes for the preparation of enzyme films for biosensors Sens Actuators B 65 94
G G Guilbault G Palleschi G Lubrano (1995) ArticleTitleNon-invasive biosensors in clinical analysis Biosens Bioelectron 10 379 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2MXltF2rtLs%3D
M Esti G Volpe S Micheli E Delibato D Compagnone D Moscone G Palleschi (2004) ArticleTitleElectrochemical biosensors for monitoring malolactic fermentation in red wine using two strains of Oenococcus oeni Anal Chim Acta 513 357 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXktVOhtbc%3D
E Dempsey J Wang M R Smyth (1993) ArticleTitleElectropolymerised o-phenylenediamine film as means of immobilising lactate oxidase for a L-lactate biosensor Talanta 40 445 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK3sXis1Gktbc%3D
M Ellmerer L Schaupp Z Trajanoski G Jobst I Moser G Urban F Skrabal P Wach (1998) ArticleTitleContinuous measurement of subcutaneous lactate concentration during exercise by combining open-flow microperfusion and thin-film lactate sensors Biosens Bioelectron 13 1007 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK1cXntlSltr4%3D
U Spohn D Narasaiah L Gorton (1996) ArticleTitleThe influence of the carbon paste composition on the performance of an amperometric bienzyme sensor for L-lactate Electroanalysis 8 507 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK28XjsFyrt7g%3D
F Ghamouss S Ledru N Ruillé F Lantier M Boujtita (2006) ArticleTitleBulk-modified modified screen-printing carbon electrodes with both lactate oxidase (LOD) and horseradish peroxide (HRP) for the determination of L-lactate in flow injection analysis mode Anal Chim Acta 570 158 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28XlvFymtLk%3D
J H T Luong A Mulchandani C A Groom (1989) ArticleTitleThe development of an amperometric microbial biosensor using Acetobacter pasteurianus for lactic acid J Biotechnol 10 241 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaL1MXltFertLs%3D
V Plegge M Slama B Suselbeck D Wienke F Spener M Knoll C Zaborosch (2000) ArticleTitleAnalysis of ternary mixtures with a single dynamic microbial sensor and chemometrics using a nonlinear multivariate calibration Anal Chem 72 2937 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3cXjtVKnt7k%3D
E Adamowicz C Burstein (1987/88) ArticleTitleL-lactate enzyme electrode obtained with immobilized respiratory chain from Escherichia coli and oxygen probe for specific determination of L-lactate in yogurt, wine and blood Biosensor 3 27 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaL2sXmtlagt7c%3D
Sigma-Aldrich (2007) Retrieved February 22, 2007, from http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/Area_of_Interest/Europe_Home/Germany.html, search terms “L-LDH” and “D-LDH”)
F M Bautista M C Bravo J M Campelo A Garcia D Luna J M Marinas A A Romero (1999) ArticleTitleCovalent immobilization of acid phosphatase on amorphous AlPO4 support J Mol Catal B-Enzym 6 473 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK1MXisFCktbk%3D
L Ying E T Kang K G Neoh (2002) ArticleTitleCovalent immobilization of glucose oxidase on microporous membranes prepared from poly(vinylidene fluoride) with grafted poly(acrylic acid) side chains J Membrane Sci 208 361 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38XmvVWrsLc%3D
Eckert M (n.d.) Overview: lactate analysers. Retrieved April 16, 2007 from http://medizin.li/lactate
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Correspondence: Beate Strehlitz, UFZ, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research – UFZ, Environmental and Biotechnology Centre (UBZ), Permoserstrasse 15, D-04318 Leipzig, Germany
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Nikolaus, N., Strehlitz, B. Amperometric lactate biosensors and their application in (sports) medicine, for life quality and wellbeing. Microchim Acta 160, 15–55 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-007-0834-8
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-007-0834-8