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Effects of training and detraining on adiponectin plasma concentration and muscle sensitivity in lean and overweight men

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Abstract

Purpose

To delineate the direct effect of physical activity on adiponectin metabolism, we investigated the impact of contrasted physical activity changes, independent of body mass changes, on adiponectin plasma concentration and muscle sensitivity in lean and overweight adult males.

Methods

Eleven physically active lean men (70.6 ± 2.1 kg) were subjected to 1-month detraining; 9 sedentary lean men (73.1 ± 3.3 kg); and 11 sedentary overweight men (97.5 ± 3.0 kg) participated in a 2-month aerobic-exercise training program. Diet was controlled to maintain stable energy balance. Body composition, VO2peak, circulating adiponectin, adipose and muscle tissue adiponectin, muscle adiponectin receptors, and APPL1 mRNAs were measured before and after the interventions.

Results

At baseline, plasma high-molecular-weight adiponectin concentration was lower in both active lean (5.44 ± 0.58 µg/mL) and sedentary overweight (5.30 ± 1.06 µg/mL) than in sedentary lean participants (7.44 ± 1.06 µg/mL; both p < 0.05). Training reduced total and high-molecular-weight adiponectin concentrations by, respectively, −32 and −42 % in sedentary lean, and −26 and −35 % in sedentary overweight, while detraining increased them by +25 and +27 % in active lean participants. Total and high-molecular-weight adiponectin changes were inversely correlated with VO2peak changes (respectively, R 2 = 0.45, R 2 = 0.59; both p < 0.001) and positively with changes in fasting plasma insulin (both p < 0.05). Muscle and adipose tissue adiponectin mRNA did not differ between groups and with interventions. Muscle AdipoR2 and APPL1 mRNAs were lower in sedentary groups compared with the active group; and were positively associated with VO2peak and inversely with fasting plasma insulin concentration.

Conclusion

Plasma adiponectin concentration is inversely correlated with aerobic capacity. Future investigations will need to confirm the contribution of changes in muscle adiponectin sensitivity.

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Abbreviations

AMPK:

AMP-activated protein kinase

APPL1:

Adaptor protein, phosphotyrosine interaction, PH domain and leucine zipper containing 1

BMI:

Body mass index

ELISA:

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay

FFM:

Fat-free mass

FM:

Fat mass

HMW:

High molecular weight

LMW:

Low molecular weight

MMW:

Medium molecular weight

mRNA:

Messenger ribonucleic acid

MOSPA:

Monica optional study of physical activity

SEM:

Standard error of the mean

VO2peak :

Maximal oxygen consumption

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Acknowledgments

This study was supported by grants from: Fondation Cœur et Artères; University Hospital of Strasbourg, France; French National Agency for Research (PRNA); Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); and French Ministry of Higher Education and Research through a fellowship (to CG). Authors’ contributions to manuscript: S. B. and C. S. conception and design of research; A. B., S. B., C. S., E. L., and J. D. performed experiments; C. G., C. V., S. B., and C. S. analysed data; C. G. and C. V. drafted manuscript; C. G., C. V., S. B., A. B., E. C. S., and C. S. edited and revised manuscript; and C. G., C. V., J. D., E. C. S., S. B., A. B., E. L., and C. S. approved final version of manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. CARMEN, INSERM U1060, University of Lyon 1, INRA1235, CRNH-RA, 69600, Oullins, France

    Caroline Gastebois, Clément Villars, Jocelyne Drai, Emmanuelle Canet-Soulas, Etienne Lefai & Chantal Simon

  2. Laboratory of Biochemistry, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69600, Oullins, France

    Jocelyne Drai

  3. IPHC CNRS, UMR 7178, University of Strasbourg, 67087, Strasbourg, France

    Stéphane Blanc & Audrey Bergouignan

  4. Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, Anschutz Health and Wellness Center, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA

    Audrey Bergouignan

  5. Service d’Endocrinologie, Diabète, Nutrition, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, 165 Chemin du Grand Revoyet, 69310, Pierre Benite, France

    Chantal Simon

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  1. Caroline Gastebois
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  2. Clément Villars
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Correspondence to Chantal Simon.

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Communicated by Fabio Fischetti.

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Gastebois, C., Villars, C., Drai, J. et al. Effects of training and detraining on adiponectin plasma concentration and muscle sensitivity in lean and overweight men. Eur J Appl Physiol 116, 2135–2144 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-016-3466-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-016-3466-z

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