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In situ Re–Os isotopic analysis of platinum-group minerals from the Mayarí-Cristal ophiolitic massif (Mayarí-Baracoa Ophiolitic Belt, eastern Cuba): implications for the origin of Os-isotope heterogeneities in podiform chromitites

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Abstract

Chromitite pods in the Mayarí-Cristal ophiolitic massif (eastern Cuba) were formed in the Late Cretaceous when island arc tholeiites and MORB-like back-arc basin basalts reacted with residual mantle peridotites and generated chromite-rich bodies enclosed in dunite envelopes. Platinum-group minerals (PGM) in the podiform chromitites exhibit important Os-isotope heterogeneities at the kilometric, hand sample and thin section scales. 187Os/188Os calculated at the time of chromitite crystallization (~90 Ma) ranges between 0.1185 and 0.1295 (γOs = −7.1 to +1.6, relative to enstatite chondrite), and all but one PGM have subchondritic 187Os/188Os. Grains in a single hand sample have initial 187Os/188Os that spans from 0.1185 to 0.1274, and in one thin section it varies between 0.1185 and 0.1232 in two PGM included in chromite which are only several millimeters apart. As the Os budget of a single micrometric grain derives from a mantle region that was at least several m3 in size, the variable Os isotopic composition of PGM in the Mayarí-Cristal chromitites probably reflects the heterogeneity of their mantle sources on the 10–100 m scale. Our results show that this heterogeneity was not erased by pooling and mingling of individual melt batches during chromitite crystallization but was transferred to the ore deposits on mineral scale. The distribution of the Os model ages calculated for PGM shows four main peaks, at ~100, 500, 750 and 1,000 Ma. These variable Os model ages reflect the presence of different depleted domains in the oceanic (Pacific-related) upper mantle of the Greater Antilles paleo-subduction zone. The concordance between the age of crystallization of the Mayarí-Cristal chromitites and the most recent peak of the Os model age distribution in PGM supports that Os in several grains was derived from fertile domains of the upper mantle, whose bulk Os isotopic composition is best approximated by that of enstatite chondrites; on the other hand, most PGM are crystallized by melts that tapped highly refractory mantle sources.

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Acknowledgments

We thank Anders Meibom and two anonymous reviewers for their constructive remarks on the submitted version of the manuscript. We are grateful to O. Alard for his useful comments on a preliminary version of the manuscript. The analytical data were obtained using instrumentation funded by ARC LIEF, and DEST, Systemic Infrastructure Grants, industry partners and Macquarie University. This study was financially assisted by the “International Lithospheric Project” (ILP) task force CC4-MEDYNA; by the Spanish “Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación” (MICINN) research grants CGL2010-14848/BTE, CGL2007-61205/BTE, AI-HF2008-073 and F.P.I. BES-2005-8328; by the “Generalitat de Catalunya” grant 2009 SGR 444; and by the “Junta de Andalucía” research groups and grant RNM-131, RNM-145, and “Proyecto de Excelencia-2009-RNM-4495”. C.M.’s research has been supported by a Marie Curie Intra European Fellowship within the 7th European Community Framework Programme and by a postdoctoral fellowship from the Universidad de Granada (Spain). This is contribution 676 from the Australian Research Council National Key Centre for the Geochemical Evolution and Metallogeny of Continents (http://www.gemoc.mq.edu.au).

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  1. Géosciences Montpellier, UMR 5243, CNRS-Université Montpellier II, Place E. Bataillon, 34095, Montpellier, France

    Claudio Marchesi

  2. GEMOC ARC National Key Centre, Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia

    Claudio Marchesi, José María González-Jiménez, William L. Griffin, Suzanne Y. O’Reilly & Norman J. Pearson

  3. Departamento de Mineralogía y Petrología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, Avenida Fuentenueva s/n, 18002, Granada, Spain

    Fernando Gervilla

  4. Instituto Andaluz de Ciencias de la Tierra, CSIC-Universidad de Granada, Facultad de Ciencias, Avenida Fuentenueva s/n, 18002, Granada, Spain

    Fernando Gervilla & Carlos J. Garrido

  5. Departament de Cristal lografia Mineralogia i Dipòsits Minerals, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès s/n, 08028, Barcelona, Spain

    Joaquín A. Proenza

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Marchesi, C., González-Jiménez, J.M., Gervilla, F. et al. In situ Re–Os isotopic analysis of platinum-group minerals from the Mayarí-Cristal ophiolitic massif (Mayarí-Baracoa Ophiolitic Belt, eastern Cuba): implications for the origin of Os-isotope heterogeneities in podiform chromitites. Contrib Mineral Petrol 161, 977–990 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00410-010-0575-2

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