Abstract
A dimorphic life cycle has been described for the planctomycete Rhodopirellula baltica SH1T, with juvenile motile, free-swimming cells and adult sessile, attached-living cells. However, attachment as a response to environmental factors was not investigated. We studied the response of R. baltica to nitrogen limitation. In batch cultures, ammonium limitation coincided with a dominance of free-swimming cells and a low number of aggregates. Flow cytometry revealed a quantitative shift with increasing ammonium availability, from single cells towards attached cells in large aggregates. During growth of R. baltica on glucose and ammonium in chemostats, an ammonium addition caused a macroscopic change of the growth behaviour, from homogeneous growth in the liquid phase to a biofilm on the borosilicate glass wall of the chemostat vessel. Thus, an ammonium limitation—a carbon to nitrogen supply ratio of 30:1—sustained free-living growth without aggregate formation. A sudden increase in ammonium supply induced sessile growth of R. baltica. These observations reveal a response of Rhodopirellula baltica cells to ammonium: they abandon the free-swimming life, attach to particles and form biofilms.
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Acknowledgments
We thank Daniel Blessing and Jörg Wulf for technical assistance. This study was funded by the Max Planck Society.
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Communicated by Erko Stackebrandt.
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Frank, C.S., Langhammer, P., Fuchs, B.M. et al. Ammonium and attachment of Rhodopirellula baltica . Arch Microbiol 193, 365–372 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00203-011-0681-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00203-011-0681-1