Skip to main content
Log in

Modified Greulich-Pyle, Tanner-Whitehouse, and Roche-Wainer-Thissen (knee) methods for skeletal age assessment in a group of Italian children and adolescents

  • Growth/Development
  • Published:
European Journal of Pediatrics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Modified Greulich-Pyle (GP), Tanner et al. 2, radius, ulna and short bones (TW2-RUS), TW2-20-bone and Roche-Wainer-Thissen RWT (knee) skeletal age assessments were made in an Italian population sample of 128 males and 93 females aged 4.1–16.9 years. All the scales appear to be well-suited to the Italian population despite minor differences. A very high correlation was found between the assessment of knee skeletal ages by the RWT method and that of the hand-wrist by the GP and TW2 systems in the same subject without sex and age-associated variations.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

Abbreviations

GP:

Greulich and Pyle

TW2:

Tanner et al. 2

RUS:

radius, ulna and short bones

RWT:

Roche-Wainer-Thissen

References

  1. Acheson RM, Vicencio JH, Fowler GB (1966) Studies in the reliability of assessing skeletal maturity from X-rays. III. Greulich and Pyle and Tanner-Whitehouse methods contrasted. Hum Biol 38:204–218

    Google Scholar 

  2. Aicardi G, Albino E, Vignolo M, DiBattista E, Naselli A (1983) Auxologia e informatica: proposta di un sistema computerizzato per la valutazione auxologica individuale. Minerva Pediatr 35: 617–632

    Google Scholar 

  3. Aicardi G, Toni E de, DiBattista E, Vignolo M, Naselli A (1985) Eventi morfo-biologici della puberta. Riv It Pediatr 11:222–230

    Google Scholar 

  4. Aicardi G, DiBattista E, Naselli A, Vignolo M, DeScrilli A (1986) Affidabilità dei più comuni metodi di previsione della statura adulta in un campione di adolescenti italiani. Acta Med Auxol 18:55–65

    Google Scholar 

  5. Andersen E (1971) comparison of Tanner-Whitehouse and Greulich-Pyle methods in a large scale Danish survey. Am J Phys Anthropol 35:373–376

    Google Scholar 

  6. Baughan B, Demirjian A, Levesque GY (1979) Skeletal maturity standards for French-Canadian children of school-age with a discussion of the reliability and validity of such measures. Hum Biol 51:353–370

    Google Scholar 

  7. Cameron N (1984) The measurement of human growth. Croom Helm, London

    Google Scholar 

  8. Greulich WW, Pyle SI (1959) Radiographic atlas of skeletal development of the hand and wrist, 2nd edn. Stanford University Press, Stanford

    Google Scholar 

  9. Johnson GF, Dorst JP, Kuhn JP, Roche AF, Davila GH (1973) Reliability of skeletal age assessments. Am J Roentg Rad Ther Nucl Med 118:320–327

    Google Scholar 

  10. Kimura K (1972) Skeletal maturation in Japanese according to the Oxford and Tanner-Whitehouse methods. Acta Anat Nippon 47: 358–372

    Google Scholar 

  11. Koski K, Haataja J, Lappalainen M (1961) Skeletal development of hand and wrist in Finnish children. Am J Phys Anthropol 19: 379–382

    Google Scholar 

  12. Nicoletti I, Cheli D, Cocco E, Puccetti L, Salvi A, Socci A (1976) Contributo allo studio della maturazione ossea nella popolazione italiana. Acta Med Auxol 8:5–48

    Google Scholar 

  13. Nicoletti I, Bruni V, Rolla M (11984) La diagnosi auxologica di l^ e 2^ livello per la prevenzione e la clinica nelle alterazioni della crescita. Acta Med Auxol 16:3–31

    Google Scholar 

  14. Peris M, Manzi P, Martire M, Pastorin L, Rota A, Benso L (1983) La maturazione scheletrica a Torino in confronto agli standard britannici (maschi tra i 6 e gli 11 anni). Minerva Pediatr 35:959–960

    Google Scholar 

  15. Roche AF (1979) The measurement of skeletal maturation. In: Johnston FE, Roche AF, Susanne C (eds) Human physical growth and maturation. Plenum Press, New York, pp 61–82

    Google Scholar 

  16. Roche AF, Wainer H, Thissen D (1975) Skeletal maturity. The knee joint as a biological indicator. Plenum Press, New York

    Google Scholar 

  17. Tanner JM (1980) Principles in the evaluation of skeletal age. In: LaCauza C, Root AW (eds) Problems in pediatric endocrinology. Academic Press, London New York pp 321–328

    Google Scholar 

  18. Tanner JM, Whitehouse RH (1976) Clinical longitudinal standard of height, weight, height velocity, weight velocity and the stages of puberty. Arch Dis Child 51:170–179

    Google Scholar 

  19. Tanner JM, Whitehouse RH, Marshall WA, Healy MJR, Goldstein H (1983) Assessment of skeletal maturity and prediction of adult height (TW2 method), 2nd edn. Academic Press, London

    Google Scholar 

  20. Taranger J (1980) Methodological aspects on the evaluation of skeletal maturity. In: LaCauza C, Root AW (eds) Problems in pediatric endocrinology. Academic Press, London New York, pp 335–340

    Google Scholar 

  21. Wenzel A, Melsen B (1982) Skeletal maturity in 6-16-year-old Danish children assessed by the Tanner-Whitehouse-2 method. Ann Hum Biol 9:277–281

    Google Scholar 

  22. Wenzel A, Droschl H, Melsen B (1984) Skeletal maturity in Austrian children assessed by the GP and the TW-2 methods. Ann Hum Biol 2:173–177

    Google Scholar 

  23. Zachmann M, Sobradillo B, Frank M, Frisch H, Prader A (1978) Bayley-Pinneau, Roche-Wainer-Thissen, and Tanner height predictions in normal children and in patients with various pathologic conditions. J Pediatr 93:749–755

    Google Scholar 

  24. Zachmann M, Frasier SD, McLaughlin J, Hurley L, Nessi P (1983) Importance and accuracy of bone age ratings in a computerized growth evaluation system. Horm Res 18:160–167

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Vignolo, M., Milani, S., DiBattista, E. et al. Modified Greulich-Pyle, Tanner-Whitehouse, and Roche-Wainer-Thissen (knee) methods for skeletal age assessment in a group of Italian children and adolescents. Eur J Pediatr 149, 314–317 (1990). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02171555

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02171555

Key words

Navigation