Abstract
“Weapon focus” refers to the concentration of acrime witness's attention on a weapon, and the resultant reduction in ability to remember other details of the crime. We examined this phenomenon by presenting subject-witnesses with a series of slides depicting an event in a fast-food restaurant. Half of the subjects saw a customer point a gun at the cashier; the other half saw him hand the cashier a check. In Experiment 1, eye movements were recorded while subjects viewed the slides. Results showed that subjects made more eye fixations on the weapon than on the check, and fixations on the weapon were of a longer duration than fixations on the check. In Experiment 2, the memory of subjects in the weapon condition was poorer than the memory of subjects in the check condition: In Experiment 1 similar, though only marginally significant, performance effects were obtained. These results provide the first direct empirical support for weapon focus.
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The present research was supported by grants from the National Science Foundation, and from the National Institute of Mental Health. We thank Heide Prange and Dale Peters for their many research efforts in connection with this project.
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Loftus, E.F., Loftus, G.R. & Messo, J. Some facts about “weapon focus”. Law Hum Behav 11, 55–62 (1987). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01044839
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01044839