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Treg Vaccination in Autoimmune Type 1 Diabetes

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Abstract

Foxp3+ regulatory T (Treg) cells are critical contributors to the establishment and maintenance of immunological self-tolerance. Autoimmune type 1 diabetes (T1D) is characterized by the loss of self-tolerance to the insulin-producing β cells in the pancreas and the destruction of β cells, resulting in the development of chronic hyperglycemia at diagnosis. The application of strong-agonistic T-cell receptor ligands provided under subimmunogenic conditions functions as a critical means for the efficient de novo conversion of naive CD4+ T cells into Foxp3+ Treg cells. The specific induction of Treg cells upon supply of strong-agonistic variants of certain self-antigens could therefore function as a critical instrument in order to achieve safe and specific prevention of autoimmunity such as T1D via the restoration of self-tolerance. Such immunotherapeutic strategies are being developed, and in the case of T1D aim to restrict autoimmunity and β-cell destruction. In this review, we discuss the requirements and opportunities for Treg-based tolerance approaches with the goal of interfering with autoimmune T1D.

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Acknowledgments

BW was supported by a grant from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), Grant No. WE 4656/1-1 and WE 4656/2-1. CD is supported by a Junior Research Group at Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen/Germany.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Junior Group Immunological Tolerance in Type 1 Diabetes, Institute of Diabetes Research 1, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen-German Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Ingolstaedter Landstraße 1, Neuherberg, 85764, Muenchen, Germany

    Isabelle Serr, Randi Kristina Franke & Carolin Daniel

  2. Medical Clinic I, University Erlangen-Nuernberg, Research Campus of the Friedrich-Alexander, 91052, Erlangen, Germany

    Benno Weigmann

Authors
  1. Isabelle Serr
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  2. Benno Weigmann
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  3. Randi Kristina Franke
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  4. Carolin Daniel
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Carolin Daniel.

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Serr, I., Weigmann, B., Franke, R.K. et al. Treg Vaccination in Autoimmune Type 1 Diabetes. BioDrugs 28, 7–16 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40259-013-0060-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40259-013-0060-3

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