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Salinity mediated biochemical changes towards differential adaptability of three mangroves from Indian Sundarbans

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Abstract

Cellular ion homeostasis through osmotic adjustment and efficient free radical scavenging ability are considered as fundamental salt tolerance determinants of plants. Increased salinity (~30 ppt) in Indian Sundarbans has incurred detrimental impact on vegetation pattern, and leading to the precarious existence of some taxa. A comparative account on some physiological and biochemical determinants towards salt stress were assayed in order to focus on the extent of adaptability among the three true mangroves. An in vitro experiment was carried out with mangrove seedlings of Avicennia marina, Bruguiera gymnorrhiza and Heritiera fomes in differential NaCl treatments. Among the five sets of treatment (0, 100, 200, 300 and 400 mM), leaf osmotic potential (ψ) shows consistent hike in A. marina and B. gymnorrhiza along the salinity gradient, at least up to 300 mM (77 and 58 % respectively over control) and comparatively poor in 400 mM. On the other hand, H. fomes reaches its maximum OP value in 200 mM NaCl treatment (64 % increment from control). Thin layer Chromatography was employed for assessing seven free amino acids and spectrophotometric quantification of them from leaf tissues grown in different salinity gradients were performed. The two antioxidative enzymes (Peroxidase and Superoxide dismutase) were estimated qualitatively and quantitatively in three taxa at different salinity level. As compared to other two taxa, H. fomes depicted fewer numbers of isoforms of two enzymes in PAGE analysis, and less enzyme activity across the salinity gradients. Considering the studied parameters, H. fomes might be endorsed towards the feeble adaptability in the present day’s elevated salinity of Indian Sundarbans.

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Abbreviations

PRX:

Peroxidase

SOD:

Superoxide dismutase

Asp:

Aspartic acid

Ala:

Alanine

Leu:

Leucine

P-Ala:

Phenyl-Alanine

Pro:

Proline

Trp:

Tryptophan

Tyro:

Tyrosine

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Acknowledgement

The authors are sincerely obliged to the Director, Sundarbans Biosphere Reserve and Chief Principal Conservator of Forest and Wildlife, Government of West Bengal, for providing necessary permission to conduct field work time to time.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Agricultural and Ecological Research Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, 203, B. T. Road, Kolkata, 700 108, India

    Nirjhar Dasgupta & Sauren Das

  2. Department of Botany, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, Nadia, 741 235, India

    Nirjhar Dasgupta & Chandan Sengupta

  3. Department of Botany, Barasat Government College, Barasat, Kolkata, 700124, India

    Parmita Nandy

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  1. Nirjhar Dasgupta
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Correspondence to Sauren Das.

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Dasgupta, N., Nandy, P., Sengupta, C. et al. Salinity mediated biochemical changes towards differential adaptability of three mangroves from Indian Sundarbans. J. Plant Biochem. Biotechnol. 23, 31–41 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13562-012-0182-6

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