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Thermal Inactivation of Human Norovirus Surrogates

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Abstract

We investigated the thermal inactivation profiles of murine norovirus (MNV), Hepatitis A virus (HAV), and feline calicivirus (FCV), which are surrogates for the study of human noroviruses. Thermal inactivation of MNV and FCV were evaluated at 37, 50, and 60°C and HAV at 37, 50, 60, and 70°C. All viral surrogates were relatively stable at 37°C. MNV and FCV decimal reduction times (D-values) at 50°C were statistically significantly different (P < 0.05) with MNV being more stable. Both surrogates had comparable, low D-values at 60°C. HAV had significantly higher (P < 0.05) D-values than both MNV and FCV at 50 and 60°C. Overall, the infectivity assay results indicate that HAV is resistant to thermal inactivation while MNV is moderately resistant and FCV is least resistant.

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Acknowledgments

This study was supported by an US EPA STAR Grant (R833002), the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health’s Center for a Livable Future and Global Water Program. K.E.G. was a Center for a Livable Future Predoctoral Fellow. The views expressed herein have not been subjected to USEPA review and therefore do not necessarily reflect the views of the agency, and no official endorsement should be inferred.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Division of Environmental Health Engineering, The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins Center for Water and Health, 615 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA

    Kristen E. Gibson & Kellogg J. Schwab

  2. Department of Food Science, Biomass Research Center, University of Arkansas, 2435 N Hatch Ave, Fayetteville, AR, 72704, USA

    Kristen E. Gibson

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  1. Kristen E. Gibson
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  2. Kellogg J. Schwab
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Correspondence to Kristen E. Gibson.

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Gibson, K.E., Schwab, K.J. Thermal Inactivation of Human Norovirus Surrogates. Food Environ Virol 3, 74–77 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12560-011-9059-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12560-011-9059-4

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