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An offshore fish assemblage (Elasmobranchii, Actinopterygii) from the Late Jurassic of NE Spain

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Abstract

Bulk sampling of late Oxfordian and early Kimmeridgian sediments of the Sot de Chera Formation near the Village of Moneva in the Aragonese Branch of the Iberian Ranges (NE Spain) yielded a low-diversity fauna of sharks (Synechodus ungeri, Phorcynis sp. cf. P. catulina, ?Scyliorhinidae indet., Pseudorhina sp., Protospinax sp.), guitarfishes (Belemnobatis sp., Spathobatis sp.) and ray-finned fishes (Gyrodus hexagonus, Ionoscopus sp., Caturus sp.). The most common selachian is Synechodus ungeri, which is the first record of this species outside of Germany, enlarging both its palaeogeographic and stratigraphic distributions. A detailed description and taxonomic discussion of this species are presented. Most other sharks and guitarfishes probably represent new taxa. Taxonomic and systematic information about all taxa recovered from Moneva is provided. The faunal composition consisting predominantly of stenohaline sharks and epipelagic ray-finned fishes and lacking hybodonts is characteristic for an open-marine, neritic environment and represents the first unquestionable fish assemblage from an offshore setting on a distal carbonate platform of the northern tropical Tethys shelf. The faunal composition is compared with contemporaneous fish associations from neritic settings in the Boreal realm.

Kurzfassung

Die Probennahme von Sedimenten der Sot de Chera Formation (Unteroxford – Unterkimmeridge) nahe des Dorfes Moneva im Aragonese Gebiet der Iberischen Ketten (Nordost-Spanien) förderte eine niedrig diverse Fauna mit Haifischen (Synechodus ungeri, Phorcynis sp. cf. P. catulina, ?Scyliorhinidae indet., Pseudorhina sp., Protospinax sp.), Gitarrenrochen (Belemnobatis sp., Spathobatis sp.), und Strahlenflosser (Gyrodus hexagonus, Ionoscopus sp., Caturus sp.) zu tage. Der am häufigsten vorkommende Selachier ist Synechodus ungeri, der zugleich auch zum ersten Mal außerhalb Deutschlands nachgewiesen werden kann und somit sowohl dessen paläogeographische also auch stratigraphische Verbreitung erweitert. Eine detaillierte Beschreibung und taxonomische Diskussion dieser Art wird vorgestellt. Die meisten anderen Haie und Gitarrenrochen stellen möglicherweise neue Taxa dar. Sowohl taxonomische als auch systematische Information für alle in Moneva vorkommenden Taxa werden präsentiert. Die Faunenzusammensetzung besteht vorwiegend aus stenohalinen Haien und epipelagischen Strahlenflossern, wobei das Fehlen von Hybodontiern charakteristisch für ein offenmarines, neritisches Milieu ist. Somit präsentiert diese Fauna das erste zweifelsfreie Fischvorkommen aus einer küstennahen Umgebung, welches auf einer distalen Karbonatplattform des nördlichen Schelfes der tropischen Tethys lag. Des Weiteren wird die Faunenzusammensetzung mit zeitgleich vorkommenden Fischassoziationen aus neritischen Lokalitäten des borealen Raumes verglichen.

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Acknowledgments

This study is part of a project on Jurassic vertebrates of the Iberian Peninsula. Many people have contributed to this project in the last years. We thank M. Aurell and G. Meléndez (both Zaragoza) for the possibility to study the sections and to collect material. We are grateful to M. Aurell (Zaragoza) and the late O.-F. Geyer (Stuttgart) for introducing us to the geology of northeastern Spain and for advice in the field. A. Pigowske (Berlin) assisted in screen-washing and picking. D. Thies, A. Leidner and A. Mudroch (all Hannover) are acknowledged for discussions on Late Jurassic fish tooth morphologies and their systematics. We are greatly indebted to the two reviewers (C.J. Underwood and G. Cuny) for their helpful comments and suggestions. This study was financially supported by two grants of the DFG (German Scientific Foundation) to J.K. under contract numbers KR 2307/3-1, 3-2, and partly by a Marie Curie Individual Fellowship to S.K. (FP7-PEOPLE-2009-IEF, no. 252750).

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  1. School of Earth Sciences, University of Bristol, Wills Memorial Building, Queen’s Road, Bristol, BS8 1RJ, UK

    Stefanie Klug

  2. Department of Palaeontology, University of Vienna, Geozentrum, Althanstrasse 14, 1090, Vienna, Austria

    Jürgen Kriwet

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  1. Stefanie Klug
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Correspondence to Stefanie Klug.

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Klug, S., Kriwet, J. An offshore fish assemblage (Elasmobranchii, Actinopterygii) from the Late Jurassic of NE Spain. Paläontol Z 87, 235–257 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12542-012-0156-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12542-012-0156-y

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