Skip to main content
Log in

Recognition of earthquake-prone areas (M ≥ 5.0) in the Iberian Peninsula

  • Published:
RENDICONTI LINCEI Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Seismogenic nodes capable of earthquakes with M ≥ 5.0 or I 0 ≥ VII have been identified in the Iberian Peninsula using the pattern recognition approach. Recognition objects, morphostructural nodes, have been delineated with the morphostructural zoning method. Most of the recognized seismogenic nodes (D) are scattered at the periphery of the Peninsula, while in its internal part, apart from the northern part of the Iberian Chain, there is no indication for the existence of D nodes. The performed recognition pinpoints a number of D nodes where moderate events have not been recorded to date, specifically, in the Cantabrian Mts, Portuguese basin, westernmost termination of the Betics, and in the area around Valencia. Some of the recognized D nodes are potential sources of seismic risk for nuclear and water power plants and large metropolitan areas.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Alexeevskaya MA, Gabrielov AM, Gvishiani AD, Gelfand IM, Rantsman EYa (1977) Formal morphostructural zoning of mountain territories. J Geophys 43:227–233

    Google Scholar 

  • Ambraseys N (1985) Intensity attenuation and magnitude-intensity relationships for Northwest European earthquakes. Earthq Eng Struct Dyn 13:733–788

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bolt B, Irikura K, Panza GF, Saragoni R (2003) Seismic ground motion assessment and realistic modelling for base-isolated structures. Paper presented at the 8th world seminar on seismic isolation, energy dissipation and active vibration control of structures. Gas Print Publishers, Yerevan, Armenia, 6–10 October 2003, pp 113–121

  • Buforn E, Bezzehoud M, Udías A, Pro C (2004) Seismic sources on the Iberia-African plate boundary and their tectonic implications. Pure Appl Geophys 161:623–646

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Carvalho AM, Ribeiro A, Cabral J (1985) Evolução paleogeografica da Basia Cenozŏica do Tejo-Sado (Paleographical evolution of the Tejo-Sado Cenozoic basin) [in Portugal]. Bol Soc Geol Port XXIV:209–212

  • Cavazza W, Wezel FC (2003) The Mediterranean region a geological primer. Episodes 26(3):160–168

    Google Scholar 

  • Cisternas A, Godefroy P, Gvishiani A, Gorshkov A, Kossobokov V, Lambert M, Rants man Eye, Alantin J, Salado H, Soloviev A, Weber C (1985) A dual approach to recognition of earthquake prone areas in the Western Alps. Ann Geophys 3(2):249–270

    Google Scholar 

  • Cloetingh S, Burov E, Beekman F, Andeweg B, Andriessen PAM, García-Castellanos D, De Vicente G, Vegas R (2002) Lithospheric folding in Iberia. Tectonics 21:1041–1067

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cloetingh S, Ziegler PA, Beekman F, Andriessen PAM, Matenco L, Bada G, Garcia-Castellanos D, Hardebol N, Dèzes P, Sokoutis D (2005) Lithospheric memory, state of stress and rheology: neotectonic controls on Europe’s intraplate continental topography. Quat Sci Rev 24:241–304

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cotilla Rodriguez MO, Cordoba Barba D (2004) Morphotectonics of the Iberian Peninsula. Pure Appl Geophys 161:755–815

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gabrielov A, Keilis-Borok V, Jackson D (1996) Geometric incompatibility in a fault system. Proc USA Natl Acad Sci 93:3838–3842

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gelfand I, Guberman Sh, Izvekova M, Keilis-Borok V, Rantsman EYa (1972) Criteria of high seismicity, determined by pattern recognition. Tectonophysics 13:415–422

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gelfand I, Guberman Sh, Keilis-Borok V, Knopoff L, Press F, Rantsman EYa, Rotwain I, Sadovsky A (1976) Pattern recognition applied to earthquake epicentres in California. Phys Earth Planet Interiors 11:227–283

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Girdler RW, McConnell DA (1994) The 1990 to 1991 Sudan earthquake sequence and the extent of the East African Rift System. Science 264:67–70

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gorshkov AI, Kuznetsov IV, Panza GF, Soloviev AA (2000) Identification of future earthquake sources in the Carpatho-Balkan orogenic belt using morphostuctural criteria. Pure Appl Geophys 157:79–95

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gorshkov AI, Panza GF, Soloviev AA, Aoudia A (2002) Morphostructural zoning and preliminary recognition of seismogenic nodes around the Adria margin in peninsular Italy and Sicily. J Seismol Earthq Eng 4(1):1–24

    Google Scholar 

  • Gorshkov AI, Kossobokov V, Soloviev AA (2003) Recognition of earthquake prone areas. In: Keilis-Bork V, Soloviev AA (eds) Nonlinear dynamics of the lithosphere and earthquake prediction. Springer, Heidelberg, pp 235–320

    Google Scholar 

  • Gorshkov AI, Panza GF, Soloviev AA, Aoudia A (2004) Identification of seismogenic nodes in the Alps and Dinarides. Bollettino della Societa Geologica Italiana 123:3–18

    Google Scholar 

  • Gorshkov AI, Panza GF, Soloviev AA, Aoudia A, Peresan A (2009) Delineation of the geometry of the nodes in the Alps-Dinarides hinge zone and recognition of seismogenic nodes (M ≥ 6). Terra Nova (accepted)

  • Gvishiani A, Shebalin P, Gorshkov A, Cisternas A, Martinez J, Benito B, Garcia M (1986) Recognition of earthquake prone-areas in the Pyrenees and metallic mineral deposits locations, vol 18. Instituto Geografico National Madrid. Publication Tecnica, 51 pp

  • Gvishiani A, Gorshkov A, Kossobokov V, Cisternas A, Philip H, Weber C (1987) Identification of seismically dangerous zones in the Pyrenees. Ann Geophys 5B(6):681–690

    Google Scholar 

  • Gvishiani A, Gorshkov A, Rantsman EYa, Cisternas A, Soloviev A (1988) Identification of earthquake-prone-areas in the regions of moderate seismicity [in Russian]. Nauka, Moscow, 175 p

  • Hobbs WH (1911) Repeating patterns in the relief and the structure of the land. BGSA 22:123–176

    Google Scholar 

  • Hudnut KW, Seeber L, Pacheo J (1989) Cross-fault triggering in the November 1987 Superstition Hills earthquake sequence, Southern California. Geophys Res Lett 16:199–202

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • IGN (Instituto Geográfico Nacional) (2007) Catálogo Sísmico (Earthquake catalogue) [in Spanish]

  • Jiménez MJ, Garcia-Fernandez M, the GSHAP Ibero-Maghreb Working Group (1999) Seismic hazard assessment in the Ibero-Maghreb region. Annali di Geofısica 42(6):1057–1065

    Google Scholar 

  • Jiménez MJ, Giardini D, Grünthal G, and the SESAME Working Group (2001) Unified Seismic Hazard Modelling throughout the Mediterranean Region. Bolletino di Geofisica Teorica ed Applicata 42:3–18

    Google Scholar 

  • Jiménez MJ, Vaccari F, García-Fernández M, Panza GF (2009) Regional seismic hazard assessment in the Iberian Peninsula through deterministic and probabilistic approaches, (submitted to PAGEOPH)

  • Julivert M, Fontboté JM, Ribeiro A, Conde LE (1974) Mapa Tectónico de la Península Ibérica y Baleares (Tectonic map of the Iberian peninsula and Balearían Ilands). IGME-SPI, Instituto Geológico y Minero de España, Madrid, 113 pp [in Spanish]

  • Karnik V (1969) Seismicity of the European Area, vol 1, D. Reidel Publishing Company, Dordrecht, 364 pp

  • Keilis-Borok VI (1990) The lithosphere of the Earth as a nonlinear system with implications for earthquake prediction. Rev Geophys 28:19–34

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Keilis-Borok VI, Rotwain IM, Soloviev AA (1997) Numerical modeling of block structure dynamics: dependence of a synthetic earthquake flow on the structure separateness and boundary movements. J Seismol 1(2):151–160

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • King G (1986) Speculations on the geometry of the initiation a termination processes of earthquake rupture and its relation to morphology and geological structure. Pure Appl Geophys 124:567–583

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Korzhuev SS (1974) Morphotectonics and topography of the Earth’ surface [in Russian]. Editoral Nauka, Moscow: 260 pp

  • Linzer HG, Rautschbacher L, Frish HW (1995) Transpressional collision structures in the upper crust: the fold-thrust belt of the Northern Calcareous Alps. Tectonophysics 242:41–61

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lopez-Casado C, Molina S, Giner JJ, Delgado J (2000) Magnitude–intensity relationships in the Ibero-Magrebhian region. Nat Hazards 19:189–204

    Google Scholar 

  • Lorengan L, White N (1997) Origin of the Rif-Betic mountain belt. Tectonics 16:504–522

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Martin AJ (1984) Riesgo Sı′smico en la Penı′nsula Ibe′rica (Seismic risk of the Iberian peninsula). Te′ sis doctoral, Instituto Geogra′fico Nacional, II tomos, Madrid [in Spanish]

  • Martínez-Solares JM, Mezcua J (2002) Catálogo sísmico de la Península Ibérica (880a.C.–1900) (Earthquake catalogue of the Iberian peninsula (880AD–1900) [in Spanish]. Ministerio de Fomento, IGN, Madrid Monografia 18: 253 pp

  • Martins I, Mendes Víctor LA (2001) Contribuição para o Estudo da Sismicidade da Região Oeste Da Península Ibérica (Contribution to the study of seismicity in the western part of the Iberian peninsula) [in Portugal]. Universidade De Lisboa Instituto Geofísico Do Infante D. Luís Publicação No 25, 67 pp

  • Mezcua J (1982) Catálogo General de Isosistas de la Península Ibérica (Catalogue of isoseisms for the Iberian peninsula) [in Spanish]. Instituto Geográfico Nacional Pub. No. 202, 322 pp

  • Ojeda A, Atakan K, Jiménez MJ, García-Fernández M, Masana E, Santanach P (2001) Seismic hazard assessment in the Catalan Coastal Ranges, Spain, using paleoseismological constrains. Soil Dyn Earthq Eng 22:911–916

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Olivera C, Redondo E, Lambert J, Riera A, Roca A (2006) Els terratrèmols dels segles XIV i XV a Catalunya (Earthquakes of XIV–XV centurias in Catalonia) [in Spanish]. Institut Cartogràfic de Catalunya. Generalitat de Catalunya, ISBN: 84-393-6961-1, 407 pp

  • Panza GF, Romanelli F, Vaccari F, Decanini L, Mollaioli F (2003) Seismic ground motion modeling and damage earthquake scenarios, a bridge between seismologists and seismic engineers. Paper presented at the OECD Workshop on the Relations between Seismological DATA and Seismic Engineering, Istanbul, 16–18 October 2002, NEA/CSNI/R (2003) 18: 241–266

  • Peláez JA, López-Casado C (2002) Seismic hazard estimate at the Iberian Peninsula. Pure Appl Geophys 159:2700–2713

    Google Scholar 

  • Rantsman EYa (1979) Sites of earthquakes and morphostructures of mountain countries [in Russian]. Editorial Nauka, Moscow, 171 pp

  • Ribeiro A, Kullberg MC, Kullberg JC, Manuppella G, Phipps S (1990) A review of Alpine tectonics in Portugal: Foreland detachment in basement and cover rocks. Tectonophysics 184:357–366

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Salas R, Guimerà J, Mas R, Martin-Closas C, Meléndes A, Alonso A (2001) Evolution of the Mesozoic Central Iberian Rift System and its Cenozoic inversion (Iberian chain). In: Ziegler et al. (ed) Peritethyan Rift Wrench Basins and Passive Margins, vol 186. Memories du Museum National d’Histore Naturalle, Paris, pp 145–186

  • Samardjieva E, Payo G, Badal J (1999) Magnitude formulae and intensity–magnitude relations for early instrumental earthquakes in the Iberian region. Nat Hazards 19:189–204

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sanz de Galdeano C, Lopez Casado C (1988) Seismic Sources in the Betic-Riff Domain. Revista de Geofı′sica 44:175–198

    Google Scholar 

  • Sartori R, Torelli L, Zitellini N, Peis D, Lodolo E (1994) Eastern segment of the Azores-Gibraltar line (central-eastern Atlantic): An oceanic plate boundary with diffuse compressional deformation. Geology 22:555–558

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Talwani P (1988) The intersection model for intraplate earthquakes. Seismol Res Lett 59:305–310

    Google Scholar 

  • Talwani P (1999) Fault geometry and earthquakes in continental interiors. Tectonophysics 305:371–379

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Vegas R, Vázquez JT, Suriñach E, Marcos A (1990) Model of distributed deformation, block rotation and crustal thickening for the formation of the Spanish Central System. Tectonophysics 184:367–378

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Vera JA (ed) (2004) Geología de España (Geology of Spain) [in Spanish]. SGE-IGME, Madrid, 890 pp

Download references

Acknowledgments

This work has been partially supported by project CGL2007-62454/BTE of the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to A. I. Gorshkov.

Electronic supplementary material

Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.

Supplementary figure S1 (DOC 55 kb)

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Gorshkov, A.I., Soloviev, A.A., Jiménez, M.J. et al. Recognition of earthquake-prone areas (M ≥ 5.0) in the Iberian Peninsula. Rend. Fis. Acc. Lincei 21, 131–162 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12210-010-0075-3

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12210-010-0075-3

Keywords

Navigation