Abstract
Following the claimed nuclear test in the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (DPRK) on October 9, 2006, and a reported seismic event, a mobile system for sampling of atmospheric xenon was transported to the Republic of South Korea (ROK) in an attempt to detect possible emissions of radioxenon in the region from a presumed test. Five samples were collected in the ROK during October 11–14, 2006 near the ROK–DPRK border, and thereafter transported to the Swedish Defense Research Agency (FOI) in Stockholm, Sweden, for analysis. Following the initial measurements, an automatic radioxenon sampling and analysis system was installed at the same location in the ROK, and measurements on the ambient atmospheric radioxenon background in the region were performed during November 2006 to February 2007. The measured radioxenon concentrations strongly indicate that the explosion in October 9, 2006 was a nuclear test. The conclusion is further strengthened by atmospheric transport models. Radioactive xenon measurement was the only independent confirmation that the supposed test was in fact a nuclear explosion and not a conventional (chemical) explosive.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Ringbom A, Larson T, Axelsson A, Elmgren K, Johansson C (2003) Nucl Instr Methods A 508:542–553
Auer M, Axelsson A, Blanchard X, Bowyer TW, Brachet G, Bulowski I, Dubasov Y, Elmgren K, Fontaine JP, Harms W, Hayes JC, Heimbigner TR, Mcintyre JI, Panisko ME, Popov Y, Ringbom A, Sartorius H, Schmid S, Schulze J, Schlosser C, Taffary T, Weiss W, Wensperger B (2004) Appl Radiat Isot 60:863–877
Ringbom A, Elmgren K, Lindh K (2007) Rep. FOI-R-2273-SE
Axelsson A, Ringbom A (2003) Rep. FOI-R-0913-SE
Ringbom A, XECON software. http://sourceforge.net/projects/xecon/
Currie LA (1968) Anal Chem 40:586–593
De Geer L-E (2007) Rep. FOI-R-2350-SE
Becker A, Wotawa G, Ringbom A, Saey PRJ, Accepted for publication in Pure Appl Geophys
HYSPLIT model. http://www.arl.noaa.gov/HYSPLIT.php
Acknowledgements
The authors wish to thank The Embassy of the Republic of South Korea in Stockholm, the ROK Ministry for Foreign Affairs and Trade, the ROK Ministry for Science and Technology, and the Korean Institute for Nuclear Safety (KINS) for fruitful cooperation. The On-Site Inspection Division at CTBTO, Vienna, is acknowledged for supporting the development of the mobile xenon sampling system. Many thanks also to Lars-Erik De Geer at FOI for valuable discussions on statistics.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Ringbom, A., Elmgren, K., Lindh, K. et al. Measurements of radioxenon in ground level air in South Korea following the claimed nuclear test in North Korea on October 9, 2006. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 282, 773–779 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10967-009-0271-8
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10967-009-0271-8