Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Attenuation characteristics of ground motion intensity from earthquakes with intermediate depth

  • Published:
Journal of Seismology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Data of the intermediate depth (the Geioyo and the Shizuoka) earthquakes in Japan recorded in a dense network is analysed and compared with various available attenuation relations. The approach of Midorikawa (Midorikawa S., 1993, Technophysics 218, 287–295) based on the empirical Green’s function technique of Irikura (Irikura, K., 1986, Proceedings of the 7th Japan Earthquake Engineering Symposium, pp. 151–156.) has been used to model the rupture responsible for these earthquakes and peak ground acceleration are simulated at selected observation points. The method presented in this work includes the transmission effect in a multiple layer crustal model for a finite fault earthquake source model. Sharp attenuation rate is seen for such intermediate depth earthquakes which is difficult to explain through conventional attenuation relations. Detail study of the methodology and comparison of results shows that the transmission factor plays an important role for the sharp attenuation rate for intermediate-to deep-focus earthquakes.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Abrahamson, N.A. and Litehiser, J.J., 1989, Attenuation of vertical peak acceleration, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am. 79, 549–580.

    Google Scholar 

  • Boore, D.M., 1983, Stochastic simulation of high frequency ground motion based on seismological models of radiated spectra, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am. 73, 1865–1894.

    Google Scholar 

  • Boore, D.M. and Joyner, W.B., 1991, Estimation of ground motion at deep soil sites in Eastern North America, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am. 81, 2167–2185.

    Google Scholar 

  • Boore, D.M., Joyner, W.B., Oliver, A.A. and Page, R.A., 1980, Peak acceleration, velocity and displacement from strong motion records, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am. 70, 305–321.

    Google Scholar 

  • Campbell, K.W., 1985, Strong motion attenuation relations: A ten year perspective, Earthquake Spectra 1, 759–804.

    Google Scholar 

  • Campbell, K.W., 1981, Near source attenuation of peak horizontal acceleration, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am. 71, 2039–2070.

    Google Scholar 

  • Campbell, K.W., 2001, Strong motion attenuation relations (Draft, Personnel communication).

  • Coats, D.A., Kanamori, H. and Houston, H., 1984, Simulation of strong ground motion from the 1964 Alaskan Earthquake (Abs), Earthquake Notes 55, 18.

    Google Scholar 

  • Course, C.B., 1991, Ground motion attenuation equations for earthquakes on the Cascadia subduction zone, Earthquake Spectra, 7, 210–236.

    Google Scholar 

  • EIC, 2001, EIC Seismology Notes No. 103, Earthquake Research Institute, University of Tokyo, (Address of the quoted website: http://wwweic.eri.u-tokyo.ac.jp/EIC/EICNews/010403.html) (In Japanese).

  • EQE website, 2001, M6.9 Geiyo Earthquake Strikes Southwest Japan (Address of the website quoted in the text: http://www.eqe.com/revamp/HiroshimaEW.htm).

  • Fukushima, Y. and Tanaka, T., 1990, A new attenuation relation for peak horizontal acceleration of strong earthquake ground motion, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am. 80, 757–783.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hadley, D.M. and Helmberger, D.V., 1980, Simulation of strong ground motions, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am. 70, 617–610.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hadley, D.M., Helmberger, D.V. and Orcutt, J.A., 1982, Peak acceleration scaling studies, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am. 72, 959–979.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hanks, T.C. and McGuire, R.K., 1981, Character of high frequency ground motion, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am. 71, 2071–2095.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hartzell, S.H., 1978, Earthquake aftershocks as green functions, Geophys. Res. Lett. 5, 1–4.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hartzell, S.H., 1982, Simulation of ground accelerations for May 1980 Mammoth Lakes, California earthquakes, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am. 72, 2381–2387.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hashida, T., 1987, Determination of three dimensional attenuation structure and source acceleration by inversion of seismic intensity data: Japanese islands, Bull. Earthquake Res. Inst. University of Tokyo 62, 247–287.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hasida, T. and Shimazaki, K., 1984, Determination of seismic attenuation/structure and source strength by inversion of seismic intensity data: Method and numerical experiment, J. Phys. Earth 32, 299–316.

    Google Scholar 

  • Heaton T.H. and Hartzell, S.H., 1986, Estimation of strong ground motions from hypothetical earthquakes on the cascadia subduction zone, Pacific Northwest, U.S. Geol. Surv. Open file Report.

  • Housner, G.W. and Jennings, P.C., 1964, Generation of artificial earthquakes, Proc. ASCE 90, 113–150.

    Google Scholar 

  • Houston, H. and Kanamori, H., 1984, The effect of asperities on short period seismic radiation with application on rupture process and strong motion, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am. 76, 19–42.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hutchings, L., 1985, Modelling earthquakes with empirical green’s functions (Abs), Earthquake Notes 56, 14.

    Google Scholar 

  • Imagawa, K., Mikami, N. and Mikumo, T., 1984, Analytical and semi-empirical synthesis of near-field seismic waveforms for investigating the rupture mechanism of major earthquakes, J. Phys. Earth 32, 317–338.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ikami, A., 1978, Crustal structures in the Shizuoka District, Central Japan as derived from explosion seismic observations, J. Phys. Earth 26, 299–331.

    Google Scholar 

  • Irikura, K., 1983, semi-empirical estimation of strong ground motion during large earthquakes, Bull. Disaster Prev. Res. Inst. (Kyoto Univ.) 33, 63–104.

    Google Scholar 

  • Irikura, K., 1986, Prediction of strong acceleration motion using empirical green’s function, Proceed. 7th Japan Earthquake Engineering Symposium, 151–156.

  • Irikura, K. and Muramatu, I., 1982, Synthesis of strong ground motions from large earthquakes using observed seismograms of small events, Proceedings of the 3rd International Microzonation Conference, Seattle, 447–458.

  • Joshi, A., 1997, Modelling of peak ground acceleration for Uttarkashi earthquake of 20th October, 1991, Bull. Ind. Soc. Earthquake Technol. 34, 75–96.

    Google Scholar 

  • Joshi, A. and Patel, R.C., 1997, Modelling of active lineaments for predicting possible earthquake scenario around Dehradun, Garhwal Himalaya, India, Tectonophysics 283, 289–310.

  • Joshi, A., Singh, S. and Giroti, K. 2001, The simulation of ground motions using envelope summations, PAGEOPH 158, 877–901.

    Google Scholar 

  • Joyner, W.B. and Boore, D.M., 1981, Peak horizontal acceleration and velocity from strong motion records including records from the 1979 imperial valley, California Earthquake, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am. 71, 2011–2038.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kameda, H. and Sugito, M., 1978, Prediction of strong earthquake motions by evolutionary process model, Proc. 6th Japan earthquake Engineering Symposium, pp. 41–48.

  • Kanamori, H., 1979, A semi-empirical approach to prediction of long period ground motions from great earthquakes, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am. 69, 1645–1670.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kanamori, H. and Anderson, D.L., 1975, Theoretical basis of some empirical relations in seismology, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am. 65, 1073–1095.

    Google Scholar 

  • Koketsu, K., 2001, Velocity structure in the Geiyo region (Personnel communication).

  • Kumar, D., Khattri, K.N., Teotia, S.S. and Rai, S.S., 1999, Modelling of accelerograms for two himalayan earthquakes using a novel semi-empirical method and estimation of accelerogram for a hypothetical great earthquake in the Himalaya, Curr. Sci. 76, 819–830.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lay, T. and Wallace, T.C., 1995, Modern Global Seismology, Academic Press, California, p. 521.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lai, S.P., 1982, Statistical characterization of strong ground motions using power spectral density function, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am. 72, 259–274.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lee, W.H.K. and Stewart, S.W., 1981, Principles and Applications of Microearthquake Networks, Academic Press, New York, p. 293.

    Google Scholar 

  • McGuire, R.K., 1977, Seismic design spectra and mapping procedures using hazard analysis based directly on oscillator response, J. Earthquake Eng. Strut. Dyn. 5, 211–234.

    Google Scholar 

  • McGuire, R.K., 1978, Seismic ground motion parameters relations, J. Geotech., Engin. Div., ASCE 104, 481–490.

    Google Scholar 

  • McGuire, R.K., Becker, A.M. and Donovan, N.C., 1984, Spectral estimates of seismic shear waves, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am. 74, 2167–2185.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mendoza, C. and Hartzell, S., 1988, Inversion for slip distribution using teleseismic P waveforms, North Palm Springs, Borah Peak, and Michoacan earthquakes, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am., 78, 1092–1111.

    Google Scholar 

  • Midorikawa, S., 1993, Semi-Empirical estimation of peak ground acceleration from large earthquakes, Tectonophysics 218, 287–295.

    Google Scholar 

  • Midorikawa, S., 1989, Synthesis of ground acceleration of large earthquakes using acceleration envelope waveform of small earthquake, J. Construct. Eng. 398, 23–30.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mikumo T., Irikura, K. and Imagawa, K., 1981, Near-field strong motion synthesis from foreshock and aftershock records and rupture process of the main shock fault, (Abs.), IASPEI 21st General Assembly, London.

  • Mugnuia, L. and Brune, J.M., 1984. Simulations of strong ground motions for earthquakes in the Mexicali-Imperial Valley, Procedings workshop on strong ground motion simulation and earthquake engineering applications, Pub. 85-02 Earthquake Engineering Research Institute, Los Altos, California, 21-121-19.

  • Reiter, L., 1990, Earthquake Hazard Analysis–Issues and Insights, Columbia University Press, New York, 254.

    Google Scholar 

  • Saikia, C.K., 1993, Ground motion studies in great Los Angles due to Mw = 7.0 earthquake on the Elysian thrust fault, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am. 83, 780–810.

    Google Scholar 

  • Saikia, C.K. and Herrmann, R.B., 1985, Application of waveform modelling to determine focal mechanisms of four 1982 Miramichi aftershocks, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am. 75, 1021–1040.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sato, R. (Ed.), 1989, Handbook of Fault Parameters of Japanese Earthquakes, Kajima Press, Tokyo (In Japanese).

    Google Scholar 

  • Si, H. and Midorikawa, S., 2000, New Attenuation relations for peak ground acceleration and velocity considering effects of fault type and site condition, Proceedings of Twelfth World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, paper#532.

  • Sinozuka, M. and Sato, Y., 1967, Simulation of nonstationary random processes, Proc. ASCE 93, 11–40.

    Google Scholar 

  • Somerville, P.G., Sen, M.K. and Cohee, B.P., 1991, Simulation of strong ground motions recorded during the 1985 Michoacan, Mexico and Valparaiso Chile earthquakes, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am. 81, 1–27.

    Google Scholar 

  • Yu, G., 1994, Some aspect of earthquake seismology: Slip partitioning along major convergent plate boundaries; Composite source model for estimation of strong motion; and nonlinear soil response modelling, Ph.D. Thesis, University of Nevada, Reno.

  • Youngs, R.R., Chiou, S.J., Silva, W.J., and Humphrey, J.R., 1997, Strong ground motion attenuation relationships for subduction zone earthquakes, Seismol. Res. Lett. 68, 58–73.

    Google Scholar 

  • Yu, G., Khattri, K.N., Anderson, J.G. Brune, J.N. and Zeng, Y., 1995, Strong ground motion from the uttarkashi earthquake, Himalaya, India, Earthquake: Comparison of observations with synthetics using the composite source model, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am. 85, 31–50.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zeng, Y., Anderson, J.G. and Su, F., 1994, A composite source model for computing realistic synthetic strong ground motions, Geophys. Res. Lett. 21, 725–728.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Built Environment, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama, 226-8502, Japan

    A. Joshi & S. Midorikawa

  2. Department of Earth Sciences, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana, 136 119, India

    A. Joshi

Authors
  1. A. Joshi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. S. Midorikawa
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to A. Joshi.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Joshi, A., Midorikawa, S. Attenuation characteristics of ground motion intensity from earthquakes with intermediate depth. J Seismol 9, 23–37 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10950-005-1594-8

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10950-005-1594-8

Keywords

Search

Navigation